Questionário De Percepção Dos Pais - Q.P.P.

Based on the relevant psychological and sociologicalliterature, a 43 item scale (QPP) was built to assess subjects'perceptions of their own parents. A factorial analysis of the answers of574 high-school and college students revealed four factors in thepaternal figure: Friendly companionship, punitive discipline, lax discipline,and centration in the child. Four factors also appeared in thematernal figure: Friendly intimacy, overprotection, lax discipline, andpunishment. Two second-order factors appeared in both parentalfigures: Love and discipline. Ali factors showsatisfactory reliability. Theinstrument as well as the form of its practical use are presented.Com base na literatura psicológica e sociológica pertinente, foi construído um instrumento de 43 itens (QPP) para avaliar a percepção que os filhos possuem de seus pais. A validação fatorial foi efetuada com uma amostra de 574 estudantes de 2? grau e superior. Quatro fatores apareceram na figura do pai: companheiro amigo, disciplina punitiva, disciplina lassa, centralização no filho; quatro fatores surgiram também na figura da mãe: intimidade amiga, superproteção, controle lasso, punição. Esses quatro fatores em ambas as figuras parentais se agrupam em dois fatores de segunda ordem: amore disciplina. Todos eles possuem índices satisfatórios de precisão. São apresentados igualmente o instrumento e o seu modo de utilização

Determination of Force Corresponding to Maximal Lactate Steady State in Tethered Swimming

The main aim of the present investigation was to verify if the aerobic capacity (AC) measured in tethered swimming corresponds to the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) and its correlation with 30 min and 400m free style swimming. Twenty-five swimmers were submitted to an incremental tethered swimming test (ITS) with an initial load of 20N and increments of 10N each 3min. After each stage of 3min, the athletes had 30s of interval to blood sample collections that were used to measure blood lactate concentrations ([La-]). The ACBI was determined by the abrupt increase in [La-] versus force (F). The points obtained between [La-] versus force (N) were adjusted by an exponential curve model to determine AC corresponding to 3.5mmol.l-1 (AC3.5) and 4.0mmol.l-1 (AC4.0). After these procedures, the swimmers performed maximal efforts of 30min and 400m in free style swimming. We used the distance performed in 30min and the time performed in 400m to calculate the median velocities (i.e. V30 and V400) of these protocols. After one week, in order to measure the MLSS, nine athletes performed three 30-min tethered swimming efforts with intensities of 90, 100, and 110% of ACBI. The ANOVA one-way was used to compare the ACBI, AC3.5 and AC4.0. Correlations between ACs, and between ACs and V30 and V400 (p\u3c0.05) were determined using the Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The intensity corresponding to 100% of ACBI was similar to the MLSS. It was observed significant correlations of the aerobic capacities (i.e. ACBI, AC3.5 and AC4.0) with V30 (r\u3e0.91) and V400 (r\u3e0.63). According to our results, it is possible to conclude that the ACBI corresponds to the MLSS, and both the AC - individually determined - and the AC - determined using fixed blood lactate concentrations of 3.5 and 4.0mmol.l-1 - can be used to predict the mean velocity of 30min and 400m in free style swimming. In addition to that, the tethered swimming system can be used for aerobic development in places where official sized swimming pools are not available, such as rehabilitation clinics and health clubs

Comparative Analysis of Continuous versus Reciprocating Instruments in Retreatment of Flat-oval Root Canals

Introduction: Flat-oval root canals of incisors can be problematic in retreatments. This study assessed the efficacy of continuous and reciprocating rotation instruments in retreatment of flat-oval root canals in lower incisors via micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). File systems studied were ProTaper universal retreatment rotary system associated with ProTaper Next (PTUR+PTN), D-RaCe associated with iRaCe (DR+iR), Reciproc (REC), and WaveOne (WO). Materials and Methods: Thirty-two mandibular incisors with flat root canal were divided into 4 groups (n=8). The groups were initially prepared with PTN, iRaCe, REC, and WO, then instrumented, filled, and subjected to micro-CT analyses. All the canals were then retreated with the PTUR+PTN, DR+iR, REC, and WO, and then subjected to new micro-CT analysis  which allowed quantification of residual filling material volume and change in the diameter of the root canal apical third. Endodontic retreatment time was also quantified. Data were analyzed with One-Way ANOVA and post hoc t tests. Results: None of the systems completely removed the filling material. The groups differed in terms of remnant filling material volume (PTUR+PTN=2.9±1.1 mm3; DR+iR=3.6±3.1 mm3; REC=4.9±1.9 mm3; WO=3.1±1.9 mm3) and retreatment time (PTUR+PTN=1:36±0:12 sec; DR+iR=0:57±0:13 sec; REC=2:10±0:44 sec; WO=2:03±0:31 sec), but had similar values in terms of change in apical root canal diameter (P>0.05). Conclusions: Based on this in vitro study, the type of endodontic instrument did not affect the diameter of the root canal apical third. However, PTUR with ProTaper Next had the lowest residual filling material volume and second lowest retreatment time, in flat-oval root canals in mandibular incisors

Synthesis and stereochemical assignment of methyl 3-(3-hydroxyphenoxy) acrylate via cis-trans photoisomerization

Methyl 3-(3-hydroxyphenoxy)acrylate (2), a new and important starting material for several reactions and a potential precursor of the natural product 3-(3-hydroxyphenoxy)-2-propenal (1), was synthesized from resorcinol and methyl propiolate. The trans configuration of the double bond present in 2 was confirmed through a photoisomerization reaction.3-(3-Hidroxi-fenoxi)acrilato de metila (2), um novo e importante material de partida para inúmeras reações e um precursor potencial do produto natural 3-(3-hidroxi-fenoxi)-2-propenal (1), foi sintetizado a partir de resorcinol e propiolato de metila. A configuração trans da dupla ligação presente no composto 2 foi confirmada através de uma reação de fotoisomerização.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Integrated didactics: an example of a curriculum model enhancing knowledge crossing

In this paper, we introduce an innovative course in the Portuguese Context, the Master's Course in “Integrated Didactics in Mother Tongue, Maths, Natural and Social Sciences”, taking place at the Lisbon School of Education and discussing in particular the results of the evaluation made by the students who attended the Curricular Unit - Integrated Didactics (CU-ID). This course was designed for in-service teachers of the first six years of schooling and intends to improve connections between different curriculum areas. In this paper, we start to present a few general ideas about curriculum development; to discuss the concept of integration; to present the principles and objectives of the course created as well as its structure; to describe the methodology used in the evaluation process of the above mentioned CU-ID. The results allow us to state that the students recognized, as positive features of the CU-ID, the presence in all sessions of two teachers simultaneously from different scientific areas, as well as invitations issued to specialists on the subject of integration and to other teachers that already promote forms of integration in schools. As negative features, students noted a lack of integrated purpose, applying simultaneously the four scientific areas of the course, and also indicated the need to be familiar with more models of integrated education. Consequently, the suggestions for improvement derived from these negative features. The students also considered that their evaluation process was correct, due to the fact that it was focused on the design of an integrated project for one of the school years already mentioned

Farming system for irrigated crops in the submédio São Francisco region. I. Industrial tomato

Em trabalho realizado no Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuária do Trópico Semi-Árido, com a finalidade de formular sistemas de produção mais rentáveis para a cultura do tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) industrial, constatou-se que, para os dois sistemas de cultivo confrontados (sistema tradicional e sistema modificado), o custo total de produção foi menor no sistema modificado, tendo ocorrido aumento da produtividade e da receita líquida. O emprego da tecnologia gerada pela pesquisa ocasionou uma redução dos custos da ordem de 40%, variando de Cr $126.563,00/ha no sistema tradicional, para Cr$ 75.262,00/ha no sistema modificado. Com a elevação da produtividade e a redução dos custos, a receita líquida variou de Cr $182.462,59/ha, no sistema tradicional, para Cr$ 393.751,41/ha no modificado. Com isto, a razão benefício/custo, que foi de Cr $1,44 no sistema tradicional, elevou-se para Cr$ 5,23 no sistema modificado.With the objective of defining more lucrative farming systems for the industrial tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) crop, the Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuária do Trópico Semi-Árido, in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil, has carried out a study comparing two cropping systems: tradicional, which is the farmers technology; and improved, which is the research technology. The total cost was found to be lower in the improved system with an increase in the productivity and net income. The use of the research technology gave a rectuction of 40% in the total cost, varying from Cr $126.563,00/ha in the traditional system to Cr$ 75.262,00 in the improved system, With the increase in the productivity and the cost reduction, the net income varied from Cr$182.462,59/ha in the traditional system to Cr$ 393.751,41/ha in the improved system. Thus, the benefit/cost ratio was Cr $1,44 in the traditional system and Cr$ 5,23 in the improved system