4,931 research outputs found
An implementation of Deflate in Coq
The widely-used compression format "Deflate" is defined in RFC 1951 and is
based on prefix-free codings and backreferences. There are unclear points about
the way these codings are specified, and several sources for confusion in the
standard. We tried to fix this problem by giving a rigorous mathematical
specification, which we formalized in Coq. We produced a verified
implementation in Coq which achieves competitive performance on inputs of
several megabytes. In this paper we present the several parts of our
implementation: a fully verified implementation of canonical prefix-free
codings, which can be used in other compression formats as well, and an elegant
formalism for specifying sophisticated formats, which we used to implement both
a compression and decompression algorithm in Coq which we formally prove
inverse to each other -- the first time this has been achieved to our
knowledge. The compatibility to other Deflate implementations can be shown
empirically. We furthermore discuss some of the difficulties, specifically
regarding memory and runtime requirements, and our approaches to overcome them
Hyperfine interaction and electronic spin fluctuation study on SrLaFeCoO (x = 0, 1, 2) by high-resolution back-scattering neutron spectroscopy
The study of hyperfine interaction by high-resolution inelastic neutron
scattering is not very well known compared to the other competing techniques
viz. NMR, M\"ossbauer, PACS etc. Also the study is limited mostly to
magnetically ordered systems. Here we report such study on
SrLaFeCoO (x = 0, 1, 2) of which first (SrFeCoO with x
= 0) has a canonical spin spin glass, the second (SrLaFeCoO with x = 1) has
a so-called magnetic glass and the third (LaFeCoO with x = 2) has a
magnetically ordered ground state. Our present study revealed clear inelastic
signal for SrLaFeCoO, possibly also inelastic signal for SrFeCoO
below the spin freezing temperatures but no inelastic signal at all
for for the magnetically ordered LaFeCoO in the neutron scattering
spectra. The broadened inelastic signals observed suggest hyperfine field
distribution in the two disordered magnetic glassy systems and no signal for
the third compound suggests no or very small hyperfine field at the Co nucleus
due to Co electronic moment. For the two magnetic glassy system apart from the
hyperfine signal due only to Co, we also observed electronic spin fluctuations
probably from both Fe and Co electronic moments. \end{abstract
Model Data Fusion: developing Bayesian inversion to constrain equilibrium and mode structure
Recently, a new probabilistic "data fusion" framework based on Bayesian
principles has been developed on JET and W7-AS. The Bayesian analysis framework
folds in uncertainties and inter-dependencies in the diagnostic data and signal
forward-models, together with prior knowledge of the state of the plasma, to
yield predictions of internal magnetic structure. A feature of the framework,
known as MINERVA (J. Svensson, A. Werner, Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion
50, 085022, 2008), is the inference of magnetic flux surfaces without the use
of a force balance model. We discuss results from a new project to develop
Bayesian inversion tools that aim to (1) distinguish between competing
equilibrium theories, which capture different physics, using the MAST spherical
tokamak; and (2) test the predictions of MHD theory, particularly mode
structure, using the H-1 Heliac.Comment: submitted to Journal of Plasma Fusion Research 10/11/200
Single Event Effects in the Pixel readout chip for BTeV
In future experiments the readout electronics for pixel detectors is required
to be resistant to a very high radiation level. In this paper we report on
irradiation tests performed on several preFPIX2 prototype pixel readout chips
for the BTeV experiment exposed to a 200 MeV proton beam. The prototype chips
have been implemented in commercial 0.25 um CMOS processes following radiation
tolerant design rules. The results show that this ASIC design tolerates a large
total radiation dose, and that radiation induced Single Event Effects occur at
a manageable level.Comment: 15 pages, 6 Postscript figure
Binary pattern tile set synthesis is NP-hard
In the field of algorithmic self-assembly, a long-standing unproven
conjecture has been that of the NP-hardness of binary pattern tile set
synthesis (2-PATS). The -PATS problem is that of designing a tile assembly
system with the smallest number of tile types which will self-assemble an input
pattern of colors. Of both theoretical and practical significance, -PATS
has been studied in a series of papers which have shown -PATS to be NP-hard
for , , and then . In this paper, we close the
fundamental conjecture that 2-PATS is NP-hard, concluding this line of study.
While most of our proof relies on standard mathematical proof techniques, one
crucial lemma makes use of a computer-assisted proof, which is a relatively
novel but increasingly utilized paradigm for deriving proofs for complex
mathematical problems. This tool is especially powerful for attacking
combinatorial problems, as exemplified by the proof of the four color theorem
by Appel and Haken (simplified later by Robertson, Sanders, Seymour, and
Thomas) or the recent important advance on the Erd\H{o}s discrepancy problem by
Konev and Lisitsa using computer programs. We utilize a massively parallel
algorithm and thus turn an otherwise intractable portion of our proof into a
program which requires approximately a year of computation time, bringing the
use of computer-assisted proofs to a new scale. We fully detail the algorithm
employed by our code, and make the code freely available online
Odd Parity and Line Nodes in Heavy Fermion Superconductors
Group theory arguments have demonstrated that a general odd parity order
parameter cannot have line nodes in the presence of spin-orbit coupling. In
this paper, it is shown that these arguments do not hold on the
zone face of a hexagonal close packed lattice. In particular, three of the six
odd parity representations vanish identically on this face. This has potential
relevance to the heavy fermion superconductor .Comment: 5 pages, revte
About one long-range contribution to K+ -> pi+ l+ l- decays
We investigate the mechanism of K+ -> pi+ l+ l- (l= e, mu) decays in which a
virtual photon is emitted either from the incoming K+ or the outgoing pi+. We
point out some inconsistencies with and between two previous calculations,
discuss the possible experimental inputs, and estimate the branching fractions.
This mechanism alone fails to explain the existing experimental data by more
than one order-of-magnitude. But it may show itself by its interference with
the leading long-range mechanism dominated by the a_1^+ and rho^0 mesons.Comment: 12 pages, RevTeX, epsf.sty, 2 embedded figure
Characterization of Prototype BTeV Silicon Pixel Sensors Before and After Irradiation
We report on measurements performed on silicon pixel sensor prototypes
exposed to a 200 MeV proton beam at the Indiana University Cyclotron Facility.
The sensors are of n+/n/p+ type with multi-guard ring structures on the p+-side
and p-stop electrode isolation on the n+-side. Electrical characterization of
the devices was performed before and after irradiation up to a proton fluence
of 4E14 p/cm2. We tested pixel sensors fabricated from normal and
oxygen-enriched silicon wafers and with two different p-stop isolation layouts:
common p-stop and individual p-stop.Comment: 8 pages in postscript format. Presented at 2001 IEEE Nuclear Science
Symposium 4-10 November 2001 San Diego, Californi
Charm Correlation as a Diagnostic Probe of Quark Matter
The use of correlation between two open-charm mesons is suggested to give
information about the nature of the medium created in heavy-ion collisions.
Insensitivity to the charm production rate is achieved by measuring normalized
cumulant. The acollinearity of the D momenta in the transverse plane is a
measure of the medium effect. Its dependence on nuclear size or E_T provides a
signature for the formation of quark matter.Comment: 12 pages, no figure
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