Bacillus subtilis induces morphological changes in Fonsecaea pedrosoi in vitro resulting in more resistant fungal forms in vivo

Interactions among microorganisms may be the cause of morphological modifications, particularly in fungal cells. The aim of this work was to examine the changes that occur in cells of the fungus Fonsecaea pedrosoi after in vitro co-culturing with Bacillus subtilis and to explore the results of this interaction in vivo in an experimental murine infection. B. subtilis strain was inoculated into a 15-day pure culture of F. pedrosoi. In vitro, after 48 hours of co-culturing, the fungal cells were roundish. The secretion of fungal dark pigments and production of terminal chlamydoconidia were observed in hyphae after one week. In the in vivo study, two animal groups of 30 BALB/c mice each were employed. One group was inoculated intraperitoneally with hyphal fragments from the co-culture of bacteria and fungi; the other group was infected only with F. pedrosoi hyphae. After seven days of infection, both animal groups developed neutrophilic abscesses. Phagocytosis of bacilli by macrophages occurred at three days. At later periods, generally after 25 days, only roundish cells similar to sclerotic bodies remained in the tissues while hyphae were eliminated by 15 to 20 days. These fungal forms originated mainly from terminal chlamydoconidia. The co-culturing between bacteria and fungi may constitute a mechanism to rapidly obtain resistant fungal forms for host defenses, especially for chromoblastomycosis (CBM) experimental infections.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)FAPEMATFederal University of Mato Grosso Department of Basic Health SciencesFederal University of São Paulo Department of Microbiology, Immunology and ParasitologyUNIFESP, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and ParasitologyFAPEMAT: 002.138/2007SciEL

Primeiro registro de Cryptococcus neoformans em excretas de pombos provenientes de locais públicos e residenciais de área metropolitana de Cuiabá, Estado do Mato Grosso, Brasil

RESUMO A criptococose é micose sistêmica potencialmente grave causada por duas espécies do gênero Cryptococcus que acometem tanto homens como animais: Cryptococcus neoformans e C. gattii. São infecções cosmopolitas e emergentes, resultantes da interação do hospedeiro - humano e animal versus meio ambiente. A proposta deste trabalho foi avaliar a ocorrência de C. neoformans em 122 amostras de excretas secas de pombos coletadas em 49 locais na cidade de Cuiabá, Estado do Mato Grosso, Brasil, incluindo: praças públicas (n = 5), igrejas (n = 4), instituições de ensino (n = 3), unidades de saúde (n = 8), áreas abertas exibindo cobertura de amianto (n = 4), conjuntos residenciais domiciliares (n = 23), uma fábrica (n = 1) e um presídio (n = 1). Semeadura de suspensão de amostras em meio ágar niger (NSA), identificação fenotípica por provas bioquímicas e teste em meio de canavanina-glicina-azul de bromotimol, das colônias isoladas com pigmentação marrom escura. Foi também utilizada a técnica da reação em cadeia da polimerase com pares de iniciadores específicos para identificação de C. neoformans. As amostras foram coletadas de julho a dezembro de 2010. Cryptococcus neoformans foi isolado em oito (6,6%) de 122 amostras correspondendo a seis (12,2%) dos 49 sítios analisados. Cryptococcus neoformans associado a excretas de pombos ocorre em áreas de Cuiabá, predominando em residências nas amostras analisadas, constituindo fator de risco potencial para aquisição da doença tanto para indivíduos imunocomprometidos como imunocompetentes.SUMMARY Cryptococcosis is a severe systemic mycosis caused by two species of Cryptococcus that affect humans and animals: C. neoformans and C. gattii. Cosmopolitan and emergent, the mycosis results from the interaction between a susceptible host and the environment. The occurrence of C. neoformans was evaluated in 122 samples of dried pigeon excreta collected in 49 locations in the City of Cuiabá, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil, including public squares (n = 5), churches (n = 4), educational institutions (n = 3), health units (n = 8), open areas covered with asbestos (n = 4), residences (n = 23), factory (n = 1) and a prison (n = 1). Samples collected from July to December of 2010 were seeded on Niger seed agar (NSA). Dark brown colonies were identified by urease test, carbon source assimilation tests and canavanine-glycine-bromothymol blue medium. Polymerase chain reaction primer pairs specific for C. neoformans were also used for identification. Cryptococcus neoformans associated to pigeon excreta was isolated from eight (6.6%) samples corresponding to six (12.2%) locations. Cryptococcus neoformans was isolated from urban areas, predominantly in residences, constituting a risk of acquiring the disease by immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals

First report on Cryptococcus neoformans in pigeon excreta from public and residential locations in the metropolitan area of Cuiabá, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil

Submitted by Janaína Nascimento ([email protected]) on 2019-06-28T01:22:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Takahara_Doracilde_etal_INI_2013.pdf: 856702 bytes, checksum: 2da59ac8ccf9130b7b8e519dcc73694c (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Janaína Nascimento ([email protected]) on 2019-06-28T01:33:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Takahara_Doracilde_etal_INI_2013.pdf: 856702 bytes, checksum: 2da59ac8ccf9130b7b8e519dcc73694c (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-06-28T01:33:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Takahara_Doracilde_etal_INI_2013.pdf: 856702 bytes, checksum: 2da59ac8ccf9130b7b8e519dcc73694c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso. Faculdade de Medicina. Laboratório de Micologia. Cuiabá, MT, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Pesquisas Clínicas Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Micologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Pesquisas Clínicas Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Micologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Pesquisas Clínicas Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Micologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso. Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular Veterinária. Cuiabá, MT, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso. Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular Veterinária. Cuiabá, MT, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso. Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular Veterinária. Cuiabá, MT, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso. Faculdade de Medicina. Laboratório de Micologia. Cuiabá, MT, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso. Faculdade de Medicina. Laboratório de Micologia. Cuiabá, MT, Brasil.Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Laboratório de Leveduras Patogênicas. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso. Faculdade de Medicina. Laboratório de Micologia. Cuiabá, MT, Brasil.Cryptococcosis is a severe systemic mycosis caused by two species of Cryptococcus that affect humans and animals: C. neoformans and C. gattii. Cosmopolitan and emergent, the mycosis results from the interaction between a susceptible host and the environment. The occurrence of C. neoformans was evaluated in 122 samples of dried pigeon excreta collected in 49 locations in the City of Cuiabá, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil, including public squares (n = 5), churches (n = 4), educational institutions (n = 3), health units (n = 8), open areas covered with asbestos (n = 4), residences (n = 23), factory (n = 1) and a prison (n = 1). Samples collected from July to December of 2010 were seeded on Niger seed agar (NSA). Dark brown colonies were identified by urease test, carbon source assimilation tests and canavanine-glycine-bromothymol blue medium. Polymerase chain reaction primer pairs specific for C. neoformans were also used for identification. Cryptococcus neoformans associated to pigeon excreta was isolated from eight (6.6%) samples corresponding to six (12.2%) locations. Cryptococcus neoformans was isolated from urban areas, predominantly in residences, constituting a risk of acquiring the disease by immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals