12 research outputs found

    Perbaikan Sudut Daun Populasi Komposit Tanaman Jagung Melalui Hibridisasi Dengan Varietas Hibrida

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    This study aims to determine the average leaf angle, harvest age and yield of F1 from cross-hybrid composite; heterosis value and knowing the maternal effect of these three traits on maize. The experiment was carried out in technically irrigated rice fields from November 2019 to February 2020. The design used in this experiment was a randomized block design with two replications. The treatment was 28 F1 as a result of crossing P8IS vs NK212 and P8IS vs NK7328 and their respective reciprocal crosses. The experimental data were analyzed by means of analysis of variance and further tested with the LSD test at the 5 percent level. Heterosis values were calculated on the basis of the parents whose scores were higher (High Parent Heterosis). The t test at the 5% level was used to determine whether the maternal effect was significant. The results showed that the mean leaf angles of F1 lines from crosses and reciprocal P8IS vs NK212 were the same as the two parents; whereas the P8IS vs NK7328 cross is different. The reciprocal of cross number 13 (P8IS vs Nk7328 /R13) has smaller leaf angle than P8IS and is the same as the leaf angle of NK7328. The yield of the F1 lines from the two types of crosses was the same as each of the two parents; however, there was a tendency for an increase in yield compared to P8IS for most of the F1 lines. There was a change in leaf angle properties, harvest age and yield of F1 lines compared to one of the best parents with heterosis values are negative and positive with variations from 0.00 to 65.70 percent. Coefficient of correlation between heterosis with the average value of traits was classified as strong for the harvest age; moderate for yield and weak for leaf angle. These three traits in the two types of crosses showed no maternal effects. Smaller leaf angle, super early harvest age and higher yield, are possible to be obtained from the lines of both crosses

    Estimation of Genetic Variance and Heritability of F2 Populations of Corn Plants in Dry Land

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    This study was aimed to determine the genetic variance of several F2 population traits of maize, broad heritability values and phenotypic correlations between yields and other quantitative traits. The method used is the experimental method. The experiment was designed in a randomized block design, with 6 replications. The number of treatments was 4 populations, namely population F2, Sinta Unram, hybrid NK212 and NK7328. Each population was planted in 4 rows, each consisted of 40 plants. The observed characteristics included plant height, leaf number per plant, leaf angle, ear length, ear diameter, weight of dry ear harvested per plant and yield (dry seed weight per plant). The data were analyzed by simple statistical analysis and analysis of variance at the 5 percent level of significance. The results showed that the genetic variance of plant height, leaf angle, and dry cob weight at harvest per plant population of F2 was higher than that of Sinta Unram's genetic diversity with relatively wide genetic diversity. The genetic variance of leaf number per plant, ear length and ear diameter were also higher than that of Sinta Unram; but the genetic diversity is quite narrow. The genetic diversity of the F2 population's traits is the same as that of Sinta Unram with a broad category. The heritability value of broad meaning classified as high (> 50 %) was obtained on plant height, leave number per plant, ear length, ear diameter, weight of dry ear harvested per plant and yield; while the leaf angle is classified as moderate. Harvested dry cobs weight per plant showed strong phenotypic correlation with yield (0.827); while other properties are classified as very weak to moderate. Improving the yield of the F2 population can be done by indirect mass selection using the weight of harvested dry cobs per plant as the selected traitThis study was aimed to determine the genetic variance of several F2 population traits of maize, broad heritability values and phenotypic correlations between yields and other quantitative traits. The method used is the experimental method. The experiment was designed in a randomized block design, with 6 replications. The number of treatments was 4 populations, namely population F2, Sinta Unram, hybrid NK212 and NK7328. Each population was planted in 4 rows, each consisted of 40 plants. The observed characteristics included plant height, leaf number per plant, leaf angle, ear length, ear diameter, weight of dry ear harvested per plant and yield (dry seed weight per plant). The data were analyzed by simple statistical analysis and analysis of variance at the 5 percent level of significance. The results showed that the genetic variance of plant height, leaf angle, and dry cob weight at harvest per plant population of F2 was higher than that of Sinta Unram's genetic diversity with relatively wide genetic diversity. The genetic variance of leaf number per plant, ear length and ear diameter were also higher than that of Sinta Unram; but the genetic diversity is quite narrow. The genetic diversity of the F2 population's traits is the same as that of Sinta Unram with a broad category. The heritability value of broad meaning classified as high (> 50 %) was obtained on plant height, leave number per plant, ear length, ear diameter, weight of dry ear harvested per plant and yield; while the leaf angle is classified as moderate. Harvested dry cobs weight per plant showed strong phenotypic correlation with yield (0.827); while other properties are classified as very weak to moderate. Improving the yield of the F2 population can be done by indirect mass selection using the weight of harvested dry cobs per plant as the selected trai

    Kajian Sifat Kuantitatif Galur F2 Tanaman Jagung di Lahan Kering: Study of the Quantitative Characteristics of the F2 Line of Corn Plants on dry land

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    This study was aimed to determine the average of leaf angle, yield and harvest age of each F2 line compared to the two parents respectively. In addition, we also want to evaluate the coefficient of genetic diversity and heritability of the three traits. The experiment was designed in a randomized block design with a total treatment of 20 populations, namely 16 F2 lines and 4 parents. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, so that 60 experimental units were obtained. The experimental data were analyzed by analysis of variance at the 5 percent significance level and further tests using the Least Significant Difference at the same significance level. The results showed that the F2 P8IS x T1NK7328 (R16), F2 P8IS x T1NK7328 (R18) lines, and the F2 P8IS x NK212 (R4) lines, had leaf angles same as each parent of the first hybrid/hybrid offspring (T1NK7328 and NK212) and smaller than the Sinta Unram. The harvest time of the three F2 lines was classified as super early. Yield (weight of dry seeds per plot) of F2 P8IS x T1NK7328 (R16), F2 P8IS x T1NK7328 (R18) lines, were the same as both parents and F2 P8IS x NK212 (R4) lines, higher than Sinta Unram; but the same as the hybrid parent (NK212). Coefficient of genetic diversity of yield is high; medium for harvest time and low for leaf angle. Heritability in broad sense is classified as high, obtained at harvest time and yield; while the heritability of leaf angle is low. The three F2 lines can be used as basic population material for subsequent breeding activities. Key words: hybridization; Sinta Unram; yield; leaf angl

    Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Gandum pada Berbagai Kerapatan Populasi dan Dosis Pemupukan Urea

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    Efforts to produce wheat in Indonesia need to be supported by the availability of cultivation technology suitable for agro-climate conditions in Indonesia, including the use of proper population density and fertilization dosages, which are fundamental for obtaining maximum yields. This study was aimed to determine ideal population density and dosage of urea for optimum grain yield of wheat in Lombok Island. The experiment carried out at Aik Bukak, Central Lombok at elevation of 400 m asl, to observe the growth and yield of two varieties of wheat, Nias and Gladius, with 4 plant population densities (133, 160, 200, and 250 plants m-2) and 3 dosages of urea fertilization, 200, 300, and 400 kg ha-1. Data from this study indicated that Lombok Island has the potential for growing wheat with quite dense population density of 250 plants m-2. This density yielded higher, 1.74 tons ha-2, due to the increased number of kernel per unit area without reducing individual kernel weight. The use of urea 300 kg ha-1 exhibited the best growth and yielded 1.32 tons ha-2.Keywords: fertilization, population density, wheat varietie

    Uji Paket Teknologi terhadap Penampilan Genotipe Jagung Unggul di Lombok Barat Nusa Tenggara Barat

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    Kemampuan tanaman untuk menampilkan karakter kuantitatif pada lingkungan yang berbeda menunjukkan bahwa tanaman tersebut mempunyai daya adaptasi yang baik. Adanya variasi hasil pada berbagai genotype tanaman dengan lingkungan tertentu memerlukan pemahaman terhadap faktor penyebabnya terutama pada fase vegetatif, fase reproduktif dan pengisian biji.Tujuandari penelitian ini adalah: Untuk mengkaji penampilan karakter kuantitatif genotipe jagung unggul pada berbagai paket teknologi di Lombok Barat, NTB. Metode penelitianyang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental dengan percobaan lapang. Percobaan dengan Rancangan Petak Terbagi (Split Plot Design) yang terdiri atas dua faktor yaitu, tiga Paket Teknologi sebagai Petak Utama dan empat Genotipe jagung unggul sebagai Anak Petak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Penampilan karakter kuantitatif daya hasil Varietas Lamuru, Arjuna, dan Sukmaraga adalah sama dan lebih tinggi daripada Poulasi C2, secara berurutan yaitu : (7,475; 7,333; 7,247 dan 5,081) ton/ha; Penampilan karakter kuantitatif daya hasil pada teknologi sederhana (T1) dan teknologi menengah (T2) adalah sama dan lebih rendah daripada teknologi sempurna (T3), secara berurutan yaitu : (6,338 ; 6,703 dan 7,103) ton/ha

    Penampilan Galur Harapan F9 Padi Beras Hitam Hasil Persilangan Baas Selem dan Situ Patenggang

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    Persilangan antara dua tetua dengan masing-masing keunggulan dan kemudian dilakukan seleksi akan menghasilkan galur harapan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penampilan galur harapan F9 padi beras hitam hasil persilangan “Baas Selem vs Situ Patenggang” yang berdaya hasil tinggi. Percobaan dilaksanakan di lahan sawah di desa Nyur Lembang, kabupaten Lombok Barat pada April–Agustus 2017. Percobaan ditata dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 10 genotipe padi sebagai perlakuan yang diulang tiga kali yaitu 7 galur harapan F9 padi beras hitam, 2 tetua (Situ Patenggang dan Baas Selem), dan 1 varietas pembanding peka kekeringan (IR20). Penanaman secara sistem gogo pada petak berukuran 3 x 4 m berjarak tanam 25 x 25 cm. Pengairan diberikan bila tanaman pembanding menunjukkan gejala daun menggulung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa galur G1(F9 2/1/1) relatif memiliki daya hasil tinggi yaitu 6.53 ton ha-1dengan karakter berat gabah per rumpun (55.68 gram), jumlah gabah berisi per malai (122.45 butir), panjang malai (24.08 cm) dan jumlah anakan produktif per rumpun sebanyak17.53 batang; dan galur G7 (F9 3/4/1) berdaya hasil 6.35 ton ha-1dengan karakter berat gabah per rumpun (50.47 gram), jumlah gabah berisi per malai (124.15 butir), panjang malai (24.02 cm) dan jumlah anakan produktif per rumpun sebanyak 18.30 batang.Kata kunci: gabah, bulk, seleksi, sistim gogo Crossing between two parents with each advantages and then selection will produce a elite line. The aim of this research is to know the appearance of F9 rice line of black rice from "Baas Selem vs Situ Patenggang" crossing which has high yield. The experiment was conducted on rice field in Nyur Lembang village, West Lombok district during April to August 2017. The experiment was arranged in Randomized Block Design of 10 rice genotypes treatment with  three replications i.g F9 lines of black rice, 2 parents (Situ Patenggang and Baas Selem), and 1 varieties of drought-sensitive comparison (IR20). Gogo planting system in a plot of 3 x 4 m with spacing 25 x 25 cm. Watering was given when comparative plants (IR20) show symptoms of leaf curl. The results shows that the G1 line (F9 2/1/1) had relatively high yieldof 6.53 ton ha-1 with weight of grain per clump (55.68 gram), grain per panicle (122.45 grains ), panicle length (24.08 cm), and number of productive tillers per clump of 17.53 stalks; and G7 line (F9 3/4/1) yielded 6.35 ton ha-1 with grain weight per clump (50.47 gram), number of grains per panicle (124.15 grains), panicle length (24.02 cm), and number of productive tiller per clump as much as 18,30 stalks.Keywords: grain, bulk, selection, gogo syste

    Uji Paket Teknologi terhadap Penampilan Genotipe Jagung Unggul di Lombok Barat Nusa Tenggara Barat

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    Kemampuan tanaman untuk menampilkan karakter kuantitatif pada lingkungan yang berbeda menunjukkan bahwa tanaman tersebut mempunyai daya adaptasi yang baik. Adanya variasi hasil pada berbagai genotype tanaman dengan lingkungan tertentu memerlukan pemahaman terhadap faktor penyebabnya terutama pada fase vegetatif, fase reproduktif dan pengisian biji.Tujuandari penelitian ini adalah: Untuk mengkaji penampilan karakter kuantitatif genotipe jagung unggul pada berbagai paket teknologi di Lombok Barat, NTB. Metode penelitianyang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental dengan percobaan lapang. Percobaan dengan Rancangan Petak Terbagi (Split Plot Design) yang terdiri atas dua faktor yaitu, tiga Paket Teknologi sebagai Petak Utama dan empat Genotipe jagung unggul sebagai Anak Petak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Penampilan karakter kuantitatif daya hasil Varietas Lamuru, Arjuna, dan Sukmaraga adalah sama dan lebih tinggi daripada Poulasi C2, secara berurutan yaitu : (7,475; 7,333; 7,247 dan 5,081) ton/ha; Penampilan karakter kuantitatif daya hasil pada teknologi sederhana (T1) dan teknologi menengah (T2) adalah sama dan lebih rendah daripada teknologi sempurna (T3), secara berurutan yaitu : (6,338 ; 6,703 dan 7,103) ton/ha

    Perbaikan Teknologi Budidaya Tanaman Jagung Bersari Bebas sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Produksi dan Pendapatan Petani

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    Rendahnya produksi akibat penguasaan terhadap teknologi budidaya jagung yang kurang memadai, pendapatan per kapita relatif rendah, pendidikan juga rendah dan sebagian besar berpendidikan Sekolah dasar ; Kesenjangan antara peneliti dengan penyuluh, sehingga menyebabkan informasi yang diterima petani terasa masih kurang; Pendapatan kelompoktani masih rendah akibat kualitas sumberdaya manusianya seperti pengetahuan, ketrampilan dan penerapan teknologi budidaya jagung rendah menyebabkan tingkat produksi pertanian relatif rendah; Peranan kelembagaan kelompoktani tidak efektif untuk aktifitas usaha tani dan rendahnya motivasi petani untuk berusahatani. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini yaitu: Memberikan bekal pengetahuan tentang dasar teori perbaikan teknologi budidaya dan pelaksanaanya di lapangan dalam bentuk Demontrasi Plot. Metode yang digunakan dalam penerapan program pengabdian kemiteraan ini adalah metode Pendidikan Orang Dewasa (POD) atau Androgogi dengan menekankan pada partisipasi aktif dari peserta diskusi dan demontrasi lapang (Demplot). Hasil yang dicapai adalah: Pengetahuan petani tentang teknologi budidaya tanaman jagung bersari bebas telah bertambah dan Petani dapat mengenal serta membedakan produksi hasil tanaman jagung varietas Lamuru 7,475 ton/ha dengan Sukmaraga 7,247 ton/ha pada lingkungan tumbuh (Urea 150 kg/ha, Posnka 250 kg/ha dan pupuk organik 2000 kg/ha dengan jarak tanam (50x20)x100

    Kajian Perubahan Ragam Genetik Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) akibat Seleksi

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    This study aimed to determine the change in total genetic diversity after eight cycles of mass selection using a technique of selection index for yield, fresh dry matter, and weight of dry harvested cob, and to find out the average of these three characters compared to the initial population. This experiment was carried out at Pringgabaya District, East Lombok Regency using Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 11 treatments, namely eight selected populations, initial populations and two hybrid varieties. Each treatment was replicated 3 times, resulted in 33 experimental units. Data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance at 0.05 levels. Variance of phenotype is obtained from the variety of samples; while the environmental variance is defined as the average variance of the two hybrid phenotypes. Genetic diversity is obtained from the variety of phenotypes of each population minus the environmental diversity. F-test of  0.05 was performed to find out whether the genetic diversity of the eighth cycle population is the same or different to that of the genetic diversity of the initial population. The average between the initial population and the eighth cycle population was tested using the HSD-test at 0.05 levels. The results showed that the total genetic variation in the population from the eighth cycle selection for yield, harvested dry weight of cobs, and fresh dry matter of maize were smaller than the genetic diversity of the initial population. The average yield, harvested dry cob weight and fresh dry matter weight of population of the eighth cycle selection are higher than the initial populatio
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