Dal "Piano Cervellati" ai portici patrimonio UNESCO: il "Modello Bologna" nella conservazione della città storica

La tutela del centro storico di Bologna è stata, nel secondo Novecento, un modello non solo in ambito nazionale ma anche a livello internazionale, a partire dal Piano di Edilizia Economica e Popolare (PEEP) del 1973. Noto anche come “Piano Cervellati” dal nome del suo principale estensore, l’architetto e urbanista Pier Luigi Cervellati, questo è stato uno dei primi esempi in cui la tradizionale concezione di tutela dei singoli monumenti si trasformava in quel-la di una “difesa integrale” della città storica, e il primo strumento urbanistico che estendeva al centro storico le metodologie degli interventi di edilizia economica e popolare, con l’obiettivo culturale e politico di trasformare la casa da “bene produttivo” a servizio sociale per i cittadini. A partire dal Piano Cervellati, ci si propone di analiz-zare il “modello Bologna”, fino al recente riconoscimento come patrimonio dell’umanità UNESCO dei portici nel 2021. L’obiettivo è quello di comprendere, attraverso uno sguardo al passato, il presente e il futuro della tutela e della salvaguardia del paesaggio urbano storico della città

dynamic simulation of a multi generation system for electric and cooling energy provision employing a sofc cogenerator and an adsorption chiller

Abstract Aim of this work is the dynamic simulation of the operation of a small-scale multi-generation system, based on a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) micro-cogenerator (μCHP) coupled to an adsorption chiller, to provide electric and cooling energy to a telecommunication shelter. The dynamic simulation model has been implemented in TRNSYS environment. The μCHP has nominal electric power of 2.5 kW and its thermal output is used to drive a thermally driven adsorption chiller, with nominal cooling power of 10 kW. The performance of both components were experimentally validated under controlled lab conditions. The developed model allowed to optimize the system configuration and to perform an energy and environmental analysis. This analysis demonstrated the possibility of achieving global energy efficiency up to 63% with a CO2 reduction proportional to the electric and cooling load of the telecommunication shelter

The Role of Natural Ventilative Cooling in NZE Temporary and Emergency Shelters Design: a Mediterranean Case Study

The paper presents a case-study of a pre-fabricated housing module built in Messina (Sicily, Italy) and the assessment of its energy performances under the net zero energy perspective. The potential of ventilative natural cooling application in the case-study is also investigated. Some particular features of the building - the modularity, the prefabrication, the rapidity of assembly, the possibility of being built on disconnected soils and the absence of maintenance - identify an effective use as a temporary housing solution for e.g. workers in proximity of an isolated working place or in emergency situations such as earthquakes and natural disasters. Monitoring studies were performed during some weeks in summer, the building was simulated in energy plus environment, validated obtaining small and acceptable differences between monitored and simulated data. Results identify the building as a plus zero energy building, with generation nearly doubling the overall electricity consumption. Natural ventilation in the hot Sicilian climate would prove efficient to reduce electricity consumption for cooling by 20% in a year mainly during mid-seasons but the design needs to be improved by including a more bioclimatic-oriented approach

Microbial community and antimicrobial resistance in fecal samples from wild and domestic ruminants in Maiella National Park, Italy

This study aimed to provide new insights about antimicrobial resistance genes abundance and microbial communities of wild and domestic ruminants in wildlife-livestock interface. In total, 88 fecal samples were recovered from Apennine chamois, red deer, goat, cattle and sheep, and were collected in pools. The populations under study were selected based on ecological data useful to define sympatric and non-sympatric populations. Samples were screened for commonly used in farms under study or critically important antimicrobial resistance genes (aadA2, TetA, TetB, TetK, TetM, mcr-1). The microbial community composition was found to be different based on the species and land use of animals under study. Indeed, it was mostly characterized by phyla Firmicutes in bovine, Bacteroidota in chamois and Proteobacteria in red deer. Additionally, positive correlations between antibiotic resistance genes and microbial taxa (e.g., Tet genes correlated with Firmicutes and Patescibacteria) were described. Of the antimicrobials investigated, the abundance of mcr-1 gene suggests the importance of monitoring the wildlife in order to detect the emerging resistance genes contamination in environment. This study provides new data that highlight the importance of multidisciplinary and uncultured study in order to describe the spreading of antimicrobial resistance and related contamination in the environment

Occurrence of Tetracycline Resistance Gene TetA(P) in Apennine wolves (Canis lupus italicus) from different human-wildlife interfaces

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Resistance Patterns, mcr-4 and OXA-48 Genes, and Virulence Factors of Escherichia coli from Apennine Chamois Living in Sympatry with Domestic Species, Italy

The aim of this study was to determine and characterize potential resistance mechanisms against selected Critically Important Antibiotics in Escherichia coli isolates collected from wild and domestic ruminants living in the Maiella National Park, in Central Italy. A total of 38 isolates were obtained from red deer, Apennine chamois, cattle, sheep, and goats grazing in lands with different levels of anthropic pressure. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by Minimal Inhibitory Concentration testing, showing phenotypic resistance to colistin, meropenem, or ceftazidime in 9 isolates along with one bacterial strain being resistant to three of the tested antibiotics. In addition, the biomolecular assays allowed the amplification of the genes conferring the colistin (mcr-4), the carbapenems (OXA-48), penicillins and cephalosporins (TEM, SHV, CMY-1, CMY-2) resistance. In order to describe the potential pathogenicity of isolates under study, virulence genes related to Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) and enteropathogenic (EPEC) pathovars were identified. This study is the first report of mcr-4 and OXA-48 genes in resistant E. coli harboring virulence genes in Italian wildlife, with special regard to Apennine chamois and red deer species. The multidisciplinary approach used in this study can improve the early detection of emerging antibiotic resistance determinants in human-animal-environment interfaces by means of wildlife monitoring

Postnatal growth in a cohort of Sardinian intrauterine growth-restricted infants

Recent studies have shown that infants with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) undergo catch-up growth during infancy. The aim of our study was to evaluate the postnatal growth in a cohort of IUGR infants born in a tertiary-level Obstetric University Hospital of Northern Sardinia. An observational retrospective study was conducted on 12 IUGR (group A) and 12 control infants (group B) by measuring the anthropometric parameters of weight (W), length (L) and head circumference (HC) from birth to the 3rd postnatal year. At birth, significant differences were found between group A and group B with regard to all the auxological parameters (W, mean 1846.6 versus 3170.8 g, p < 0.0001; HC, 30.1 versus 34.4 cm, p < 0.0001; L, mean 43.4 versus 49.4 cm, p < 0.0001). During the 1st year, 8 of 12 (70%) IUGR infants exhibited a significant catch-up growth in the 3 anthropometric parameters and a regular growth until the 3rd year of follow-up. The majority but not all infants born with IUGR in our series showed significant postnatal catch-up growth essentially during the first 12 months of life. An improved knowledge of the causes of IUGR will help to develop measures for its prevention and individualized treatment

Development of a New Concept Electric Vehicle for Last Mile Transportations

Within European cities, where 68% of the EU population lives using 70% of the energy, an integrated and sustainable urban approach is needed. In order to meet the increasingly complex challenges of urban areas new, efficient, and user-friendly technologies and services, in particular in areas of energy, transport, and ICT are required. In the transport sector electric urban mobility and synergy between different transport systems (ITS) and infrastructures must be supported strongly in order to improve life conditions of citizens in terms of i) emissions, ii) services, iii) traffic congestion (an ambitious challenge is reduction of journey times). With the aim of improving the city logistic more efficient peopletransport and freight-distribution systems have to be used, so electro-mobility for transport in the “last mile” must be supported. In the i-NEXT (Innovation for greeN Energy and eXchange in Transportation) project, in which CNR ITAE is directly involved as coordinator, activities are addressed to implementation of new concept modular electric vehicles having different upper-bodies able to be used both for people (public transport) and freight in urban areas. The project aims to develop a not commercial vehicle characterized by new design in which the challenge is to reach the lowest ratio between total weight and load capacity (europallet for freight and seats for people). Other important aspects are to define specific mission of use, range of autonomy, recharge times and cost in terms of batteries and recharge systems technologies. In conclusion synergy of electro-mobility with renewable energy plants and smart grids is essential for sustainability of smart city concept. Document type: Articl

Platinated Nucleotides are Substrates for the Human Mitochondrial Deoxynucleotide Carrier (DNC) and DNA Polymerase g: Relevance for the Development of New Platinum-Based Drugs.

cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2] (cisplatin) is among the highest effective antitumor drugs used for the chemotherapeutic treatment of a broad range of malignancies. Recently, alongside with the classical direct bond to DNA, an alternative mechanism of action mediated by N7 platinated nucleotides has been suggested for cisplatin. Considering that mitochondria play an important role in cell death activation and in a significant portion of the clinical activity and pharmacological properties associated with cisplatin, aim of this research was to evaluate the possibility that platinated deoxynucleotides, as the model complex [Pt(dien)(N7-5’-dGTP)] (1), dien=diethylenetriamine, could be transported into mitochondria and then incorporated into mtDNA. The kinetic characterization has revealed that the mitochondrial deoxynucleotide carrier (DNC) transports complex 1 with high affinity. Finally, a highly efficient in organello DNA synthesis system, followed by ICP-AES, has demonstrated that [Pt(dien)(N7-5’-dGTP)] is incorporated in the mitochondrial DNA by DNA polymerase g. These results may have critical implications in the development of new generations of anticancer and/or antiviral nucleotide analogues with more specific cellular targets and fewer side effects

Patients with isolated pulmonary embolism in comparison to those with deep venous thrombosis. Differences in characteristics and clinical evolution

Abstract Background Patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) often have leg deep vein thrombosis (DVT); sometimes, however, a DVT is not detected (isolated PE, I-PE). We aimed at assessing the proportion of patients with I-PE, and their characteristics and clinical evolution compared to those with DVT with/without PE (DVT/PE). Methods Among 3573 patients included in the START2-Register for a venous thromboembolic event, 2880 (80.6%) had DVT/PE, the remaining I-PE (19.4%). Results Patients with I-PE were older [(≥75 years, OR 1.4 (95%CI 1.13–1.69)], and more frequently females [OR 1.4 (1.19–1.67)]. Young females (aged ≤ 50 years) with an index event occurring during hormonal contraception (HC), were more prevalent in I-PE [OR 1.96 (1.26–3.03)]. At multivariate analysis, age > 75 years, female sex, heart failure, cancer and use of HC were risk factors significantly associated with I-PE, whereas thrombophilic alterations were associated with DVT/PE. During a follow-up of 4504 years (during anticoagulation), the rate of bleeding events was 1.1% patient/years and 1.0% patient/years in I-PE and DVT/PE, respectively. Venous thromboembolic events were equally prevalent in DVT/PE or I-PE (1.94% vs 0.86%, ns), whereas arterial complications were more prevalent in the latter group (1.01% vs 0.28%, p = 0.008). Conclusion I-PE and DVT/PE have important differences. Older age, female sex, heart failure and cancer, were risk factors for I-PE; thrombophilic alterations were associated with DVT/PE. HC use was more frequent in the I-PE group. The prevalence of arterial complications was higher in patients with I-PE. Further studies, specifically designed on this issue, are warranted