A Conceptual Framework to Manage Resilience and Increase Sustainability in the Supply Chain

[EN] The challenges of global economies foster supply chains to have to increase their processes of collaboration and dependence between their nodes, generating an increase in the level of vulnerability to possible impacts and interruptions in their operations that may affect their sustainability. This has developed an emerging area of interest in supply chain management, considering resilience management as a strategic capability of companies, and causing an increase in this area of research. Additionally, supply chains should deal with the three dimensions of sustainability (economic, environmental, and social dimensions) by incorporating the three types of objectives in their strategy. Thus, there is a need to integrate both resilience and sustainability in supply chain management to increase competitiveness. In this paper, a systematic literature review is undertaken to analyze resilience management and its connection to increase supply chain sustainability. In the review, 232 articles published from 2000 to February 2020 in peer-reviewed journals in the Scopus and ScienceDirect databases are analyzed, classified, and synthesized. With the results, this paper develops a conceptual framework that integrates the fundamental elements for analyzing, measuring, and managing resilience to increase sustainability in the supply chain. Finally, conclusions, limitations, and future research lines are exposed.This study was supported by the Valencian Government in Spain (Project AEST/2019/019).Zavala-Alcívar, A.; Verdecho Sáez, MJ.; Alfaro Saiz, JJ. (2020). A Conceptual Framework to Manage Resilience and Increase Sustainability in the Supply Chain. Sustainability. 12(16):1-38. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12166300S1381216Roberta Pereira, C., Christopher, M., & Lago Da Silva, A. (2014). Achieving supply chain resilience: the role of procurement. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 19(5/6), 626-642. doi:10.1108/scm-09-2013-0346Pettit, T. 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Curricular Design and the Integral Formation of the Students of the Education Career

El objetivo del artículo es analizar el diseño curricular y la formación integral de los estudiantes de la carrera de Educación, para esto se utilizó el método cuantitativo que facilitó realizar un análisis detallado de la interrelación entre las variables del estudio. Además, se optó por el método documental-bibliográfico que ofreció una visión completa y actualizada del estado del conocimiento en este ámbito. También, se involucró la realización de encuestas y cuestionarios a una muestra representativa de 121 estudiantes de cuarto semestre inscritos en la asignatura de Diseño Curricular dentro de la carrera de Educación en la Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí. Entre los resultados obtenidos se establecen un predominio del género femenino en la muestra estudiada, con un 81.8% de participantes identificadas como mujeres, frente a un 18.1% que se identifican como hombres. De los participantes, existe un mayor porcentaje de individuos en el rango de 21-24 años (33.1%). De estos grupos, un 78.5% están totalmente de acuerdo en que el diseño curricular de la carrera de Educación promueve una formación integral de los estudiantes, un 76.9% indicó estar totalmente de acuerdo que el diseño curricular fomenta el desarrollo de habilidades pedagógicas y didácticas, un 71.9% expresó estar totalmente de acuerdo que el diseño curricular promueve la estimulación de habilidades de liderazgo y trabajo en equipo. Entre las conclusiones relevantes, se subraya que el diseño curricular brinda oportunidades significativas de formación en áreas complementarias, como la psicología o sociología, esta valoración destaca la importancia de una formación integral en los estudiantes de Diseño Curricular.The objective of the article is to analyze the curricular design and the integral formation of the students of the Education career, for this purpose the quantitative method was used, which facilitated a detailed analysis of the interrelation between the variables of the study. In addition, the documentary-bibliographic method was chosen, which offered a complete and updated vision of the state of knowledge in this field. Also, surveys and questionnaires were administered to a representative sample of 121 fourth semester students enrolled in the Curriculum Design course within the Education career at the Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí. Among the results obtained, there is a predominance of the female gender in the sample studied, with 81.8% of participants identifying themselves as women, compared to 18.1% who identify themselves as men. Of the participants, there is a higher percentage of individuals in the 21-24 years age range (33.1%). Of these groups, 78.5% totally agree that the curricular design of the Education program promotes an integral formation of the students, 76.9% indicated that they totally agree that the curricular design promotes the development of pedagogical and didactic skills, 71.9% expressed that they totally agree that the curricular design promotes the stimulation of leadership and teamwork skills, and 71.9% expressed that they totally agree that the curricular design promotes the stimulation of leadership and teamwork skills. Among the relevant conclusions, it is highlighted that the curriculum design provides significant training opportunities in complementary areas, such as psychology or sociology, this assessment highlights the importance of a comprehensive training in Curriculum Design students

Human Self-Development and the Value of Responsibility

El objetivo del artículo es analizar el autodesarrollo humano y el valor de la responsabilidad, para esto se utilizó el método cuantitativo que facilitó realizar un análisis detallado de la interrelación entre las variables del estudio. Además, se optó por el método documental-bibliográfico que ofreció una visión completa y actualizada del estado del conocimiento en este ámbito. También, se involucró la realización de encuestas y cuestionarios a una muestra representativa de 155 estudiantes de segundo semestre inscritos en la asignatura de Desarrollo Humano dentro de la carrera de Educación en la Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí. Entre los resultados obtenidos se establecen un predominio del género femenino en la muestra estudiada, con un 82.6% de participantes identificadas como mujeres, frente a un 17.4% que se identifican como hombres. De los participantes, existe un mayor porcentaje de individuos en el rango de 17-20 años (32.9%). De este grupo, un 56.8% confía en la capacidad de los estudiantes para tomar decisiones responsables en su vida académica y personal, lo que resalta la confianza en las habilidades de los estudiantes para actuar de manera responsable. Asimismo, se observa que la mayoría de los encuestados en un 58.1% considera que los estudiantes son conscientes de las consecuencias de sus acciones en su desarrollo humano, lo que sugiere una percepción positiva sobre la reflexión de los estudiantes en este aspecto. Entre las conclusiones relevantes, se sobrepone que, aunque la mayoría de los estudiantes reconocen la importancia de asumir responsabilidad en su desarrollo personal, aún existe un porcentaje significativo que requiere mayor concienciación. Estos resultados sugieren la necesidad de promover una comprensión más profunda de la responsabilidad personal entre los estudiantes para potenciar su crecimiento y madurez.The objective of the article is to analyze human self-development and the value of responsibility, using the quantitative method that facilitated a detailed analysis of the interrelation between the variables of the study. In addition, the documentary-bibliographic method was chosen, which offered a complete and updated vision of the state of knowledge in this field. Also, surveys and questionnaires were carried out with a representative sample of 155 second semester students enrolled in the Human Development course within the Education career at the Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí. Among the results obtained, there is a predominance of the female gender in the sample studied, with 82.6% of participants identified as women, compared to 17.4% who identify themselves as men. Of the participants, there is a higher percentage of individuals in the 17-20 age range (32.9%). Of this group, 56.8% are confident in the students' ability to make responsible decisions in their academic and personal lives, which highlights the confidence in the students' abilities to act responsibly. Likewise, it is observed that the majority of respondents (58.1%) consider that students are aware of the consequences of their actions on their human development, which suggests a positive perception of students' reflection on this aspect. Among the relevant conclusions, it is superimposed that, although the majority of students recognize the importance of assuming responsibility in their personal development, there is still a significant percentage that requires greater awareness. These results suggest the need to promote a deeper understanding of personal responsibility among students to enhance their growth and maturity

Inserción laboral de la formación dual técnica y tecnológica en el Ecuador

The research had as a general objective to analyze the labor insertion of the technical and technological dual training in Ecuador from the case of the Superior Technological Institute “Luis Arboleda Martínez”; located in the city of Manta - Ecuador, it was a non-experimental descriptive type, the population was made up of 19 representatives of companies that welcome students in their organizations as part of the dual training process, knowing their opinions, through the application of a questionnaire type checklist. It is also necessary to deepen scientific research from a perspective that allows concatenating the academic - business - social, in order that the institution can fulfill the role of teaching, research and social bonding with relevance to optimize the resources used , together that entrepreneurs are formed from the generation of research projects from an application approach.La investigación tuvo como objetivo general analizar la inserción laboral de la formación dual técnica y tecnológica en el Ecuador desde el caso del Instituto Tecnológico Superior “Luis Arboleda Martínez”; ubicado en la ciudad de Manta – Ecuador, fue de tipo descriptiva no experimental, la población estuvo conformada 19 representantes de empresas que acogen a los estudiantes en sus organizaciones como parte del proceso de formación dual, conociéndose sus apreciaciones, mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario tipo lista de cotejo. Se hace necesario además profundizar en la investigación científica desde una perspectiva que permita concatenar lo académico – empresarial – social, con la finalidad de que en la institución se pueda cumplir con el rol de docencia, investigación y vinculación social con pertinencia a optimizar los recursos empleados, aunado que se forman emprendedores desde la generación de proyectos investigativos desde un enfoque aplicativo.

GESTIÓN PEDAGÓGICA: CLIMA SOCIAL EN EL AULA, DESDE LA PERCEPCIÓN DE ESTUDIANTES Y PROFESORES

Este trabajo investigativo determina los aspectos positivos y negativos de los procesos de enseñanza–aprendizaje, ahora conocidos como interaprendizaje y, en este contexto es pertinente explorar y estudiar el clima social del aula en el que interactúan docentes y estudiantes; con el fin de conocer y comparar las percepciones que se desarrollan en cada una de ellas. El artículo presenta una base teórica conceptual con temas relacionados a la temática como son: el clima social, gestión pedagógica, técnicas y estrategias didáctico-pedagógicas innovadoras. Posteriormente se realiza la aplicación y levantamiento de la información a través de un caso de estudio con estudiantes y profesores de dos instituciones de educación primaria de la provincia de Manabí, con características diversas al ser la primera “particular-urbana” y la segunda “fiscal-rural”. Los objetivos planteados son el de conocer y describir el clima social y tipos de aula, así como los factores que inciden en estos ambientes. Para el desarrollo de esta investigación, se tomó como muestra representativa a todos los alumnos y docentes del séptimo año de educación básica de ambas instituciones; los métodos y técnicas empleados fueron: descriptivo, estadístico, entrevista y la encuesta; los instrumentos utilizados: cuestionarios de clima social (Moos y Trickett, 1987) en su adaptación ecuatoriana para profesores y estudiantes, detectando puntos críticos existentes dentro de las instituciones educativas, para implantar mejoras que contribuyan a crear ambientes o climas favorables que optimicen la calidad educativa con la visión de implantarlos al contexto de educación superior.PALABRAS CLAVE: Clima social; gestión pedagógica; metodología.EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT: SOCIAL CLIMATE IN THE CLASSROOM FROM THE PERCEPTION OF STUDENTS AND TEACHERS ABSTRACTThis research work determines the positive and negative aspects of the teaching-learning process, now known as mutual learning and, in this context it is pertinent to explore and study the social climate of the classroom in which teachers and students interact; in order to know and compare the perceptions that develop in each. The article presents a conceptual theoretical basis with issues related to the theme, such as: the social climate, educational management, educational and pedagogical techniques and innovative strategies. Subsequently the application and collection of information is made through a case study with students and teachers of two institutions of primary education in the province of Manabí. With many special features, the first "city school" and the second "rural school". The objectives are to understand and describe the social climate and types of classroom as well as the factors affecting these environments. For the development of this investigation, it was taken as a representative sample of all students and teachers in the seventh year of basic education of both institutions; the methods and techniques used were: descriptive, statistical, interview and survey; the instruments used: questionnaires social climate (Moos and Trickett, 1987) in its Ecuadorian adaptation for teachers and students, identifying existing critical points within educational institutions to implement improvements that help create environments or favorable climates that enhance educational quality with the vision of implanting the context of university education.KEYWORDS: Social climate; Pedagogical management; Methodology.</p

Planificación micro curricular y su importancia en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de los estudiantes de la Carrera Pedagogía de los Idiomas Nacionales y Extranjeros

The aim of this research is to analyse the relevance of a precise micro-curricular planning in the organisation of didactic activities. Adequate planning can improve the quality of teaching and facilitate student learning. The methodology used is non-experimental, quantitative and descriptive, focusing on characterising students' perceptions and attitudes towards micro-curricular planning. A questionnaire designed specifically for this purpose was administered to a sample of 54 students in the third semester of the National and Foreign Languages Pedagogy course at the Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí. The survey was conducted on a voluntary basis, ensuring the comfort of the participants in expressing their opinions. The results indicate that 77.8% of the students consider that detailed micro-curricular planning contributes to clarity in language teaching. Furthermore, 70.4% think that such planning is essential for achieving the learning objectives. 72.2% said that good planning facilitates the logical sequencing of content, and 72.2% also felt that it helps to identify specific learning needs. Among the conclusions, the study highlights the need to implement micro-curricular planning strategies in language teaching, as 74.1% of students perceive that such planning not only improves the organisation of teaching activities, but also has a positive impact on academic performance, preparing them better for their future work as educators.El presente trabajo investigativo tiene como objetivo analizar la relevancia de una planificación micro curricular precisa en la organización de las actividades didácticas. Una adecuada planificación puede mejorar la calidad de la enseñanza y facilitar el aprendizaje de los estudiantes. La metodología utilizada es no experimental, de enfoque cuantitativo y de tipo descriptivo, centrada en caracterizar las percepciones y actitudes de los estudiantes hacia la planificación micro curricular. Se aplicó un cuestionario diseñado específicamente para este propósito, el cual fue administrado a una muestra de 54 estudiantes de Tercer Semestre de la Carrera de Pedagogía de los Idiomas Nacionales y Extranjeros de la Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí. La encuesta se realizó de manera voluntaria, garantizando la comodidad de los participantes al expresar sus opiniones. Los resultados indican que el 77,8% de los estudiantes considera que una planificación micro curricular detallada contribuye a la claridad en la enseñanza de idiomas. Además, un 70,4% opina que esta planificación es esencial para alcanzar los objetivos de aprendizaje. Un 72,2% afirma que una adecuada planificación facilita la secuenciación lógica de contenidos, y un 72,2% también considera que ayuda a identificar las necesidades específicas de aprendizaje. Entre las conclusiones, el estudio resalta la necesidad de implementar estrategias de planificación micro curricular en la enseñanza de idiomas, ya que el 74,1% de los estudiantes percibe que esta planificación no solo mejora la organización de las actividades didácticas, sino que también impacta positivamente en el rendimiento académico, preparándolos mejor para su futura labor como educadores