Search for the Supersymmetric Higgs boson in the pp -> b + Phi; Phi -> bb-bar channel with the CMS detector at LHC.

In this thesis the analysis performed for the search of the Higgs boson predicted by the Minimal Super-symmetric Standard Model (MSSM) is presented. The process on which the search is grounded is the Higgs boson production in association with b-quarks with the subsequent decay in a b-quark pair. The analyzed data sample has been recorded by the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in Geneva, Switzerland, during the 2011 data-taking. The data sample consists of a total integrated luminosity of L = 4.8 fb-1, recorded with different trigger paths along the 2011 LHC operations. The trigger have been updated during the data-taking in order to cope with the increasing pp collisions instantaneous luminosity provided by the LHC. The background to the signal events has been estimated through two data-driven methods. The systematic uncertainties related to the background have been estimated for both the shape and normalization. The signal is modeled through Monte Carlo simulation technique for different hypothesis of the Higgs boson mass. The systematic uncertainties related to the signal model, from different sources, have been estimated. A possible signal contribution in the analyzed data sample is investigated through a t to the data using the background templates estimated from the data-driven methods and the signal model from Monte Carlo simulation. The systematic uncertainties, as well as the statistics uncertainties, for both the signal and background have been taken into account in the t. The results are compatible with the expected background within the statistics and systematic uncertainties. No signal is found in the data within the sensitivity of the analysis. The sensitivity of the analysis has been calculated in the background only hypothesis. This is reported as upper limits on the cross section of the Higgs boson produced in association with two b-quarks times the branching ratio of the decay into a b-quark pair. This values are also interpreted as upper limits on parameters of the MSSM model. The results of the analysis discussed in this thesis have been combined with those obtained by the DESY (Hamburg, Germany) CMS group, exploiting a different analysis strategy for searching the Higgs boson in the same channel. The combined upper limits from the two analysis improve the sensitivity of the CMS experiment to a Higgs boson signal produced through the tested channel with respect to the single analysis

Search for the neutral Supersymmetric Higgs boson with the CMS experiment at LHC

n/

From the first to the third Critique. Judgment sensible position and Kant's concept of Zweckmäßigkeit

Starting from Lyotard's definition of Kantian reflection as "judgment repercussion", my contribution aims to describe the logical side of this repercussion. To do this, I will focus on Kant's concept of "judgment", explaining it as the logical act of constitution of experience. I will then point out how judgment involves sensibility for its self-affection and restriction to sensibility. Finally, I'll give a nominal explication of Kant's concept of Zweckmäßigkeit, returning to Lyotard's interpretation. The purpose, in so doing, is to offer to Lyotard's key concept a logical validation, finding its foundation in the Critique of pure Reason itself. And thus to gain an aesthetical definition of Judgment principle, to read the third Critique

An Updated Review of Cribriform Carcinomas with Emphasis on Histopathological Diagnosis and Prognostic Significance

Cribriform is a histopathological term used to describe a neoplastic epithelial proliferation in the form of large nests perforated by many quite rounded different-sized spaces. This growth pattern may be seen in carcinomas arising in different organs, and shows important prognostic implications. Therefore, recent data in literature suggest that cribriform carcinoma is a histologically and clinically distinctive type of tumour that should be separated from other similar tumour types. In this article, the pathology of cribriform adenocarcinoma of the prostate, lung, breast, stomach, colon, thyroid, and skin is discussed with particular reference to morphologic and immunohistochemical features, differential diagnosis, and clinical behaviour

A VIOLÊNCIA, A ESCOLA E AS POLÍTICAS DE ENFRENTAMENTO

Este artigo analisa alguns aspectos da violência na literatura internacional e na instituição escolar. Considera-se a violência na escola um tema relevante de política educacional, pois afeta a vida da instituição escolar e envolve os atores comprometidos com a educação. Analisa-se a violência derivada das normatizações da escola, as manifestações de violência nas interações interpessoais entre docente e discente e a violência presente na relação do aluno consigo mesmo e no convívio com seus pares. Neste texto, avalia-se que a superação da violência escolar não possa se dar a partir de uma ação isolada, ela depende de uma ação coletiva que envolva as instâncias administrativas, a escola, os professores e os próprios alunos

Forest Protection Unifies, Silviculture Divides: A Sociological Analysis of Local Stakeholders' Voices after Coppicing in the Marganai Forest (Sardinia, Italy)

Today, a forest is also understood as a real social actor with multiple-scale influences, capable of significantly conditioning the social, economic, and cultural system of a whole territory. The aim of this paper is to reconstruct and interpret the population's perception of the silvicultural activities related to traditional use of forest resources of the southwestern Sardinian Marganai State Forest. The "Marganai case" has brought to the attention of the mass media the role of this forest and its silviculture. The research was carried out via semi-structured interviews with the main stakeholders in the area. The qualitative approach in the collection and analysis of the information gathered has allowed us to reconstruct the historical-cultural and social cohesion function that the forest plays in rural communities. The results highlight that the main risks concern the erosion of the cultural forest heritage due to the abandonment of the rural dimension (mainly by the new generations, but not only), with the consequent spread of deep distortions in the perception, interpretation, and necessity of forestry activities and policy

Pain Modulation in WAG/Rij Epileptic Rats (A Genetic Model of Absence Epilepsy): Effects of Biological and Pharmacological Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors

Epigenetic mechanisms are involved in epilepsy and chronic pain development. About that, we studied the effects of the natural histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor sodium butyrate (BUT) in comparison with valproic acid (VPA) in a validated genetic model of generalized absence epilepsy and epileptogenesis. WAG/Rij rats were treated with BUT (30 mg/kg), VPA (300 mg/kg), and their combination (BUT + VPA) daily per os for 6 months. Rats were subjected at Randall-Selitto, von Frey, hot plate, and tail flick tests after 1, 3, and 6 months of treatment to evaluate hypersensitivity to noxious and non-noxiuous stimuli. Moreover, PPAR-γ (G3335 1 mg/kg), GABA-B (CGP35348 80 mg/kg), and opioid (naloxone 1 mg/kg) receptor antagonists were administrated to investigate the possible mechanisms involved in analgesic activity. The expression of NFkB, glutathione reductase, and protein oxidation (carbonylation) was also evaluated by Western blot analysis. WAG/Rij rats showed an altered pain threshold throughout the study (p < 0.001). BUT and BUT + VPA treatment reduced hypersensitivity (p < 0.01). VPA was significantly effective only after 1 month (p < 0.01). All the three receptors are involved in BUT + VPA effects (p < 0.001). BUT and BUT + VPA decreased the expression of NFkB and enhanced glutathione reductase (p < 0.01); protein oxidation (carbonylation) was reduced (p < 0.01). No effect was reported with VPA. In conclusion BUT, alone or in coadministration with VPA, is a valuable candidate for managing the epilepsy-related persistent pain

Review of multiple hazards in volcanic islands to enable the management of long-term risks: the cases of Ischia and Vulcano, Italy

The management of long-term volcanic risks represents a challenge that requires a close cooperation between science and decision-making. This is particularly crucial in volcanic islands, which are characterized by multiple hazards concentrated in a relatively small environment, often associated with a large seasonality of exposure due to tourism. The scientific challenges are mainly the quantification and the characterization of the interactions among the multiple hazardous phenomena that may occur during the different “states of thevolcano” (quiescence, unrest, eruption) and the definition of robust methods to forecast the transition between these states. For these topics, the emerging scientific knowledge is often rather limited and uncertain and, also in case it was well constrained, difficult to communicate to decision makers due to its intrinsic complexity. On the other side, the challenge for decision making is to assimilate this uncertain knowledgeand translate it into actions. Here, we discuss the experience gained in two working groups (WGs) in charge of reviewing the state of knowledge about volcanic hazards for the Italian volcanic islands of Ischia and Vulcano to build the scientific ground for subsequent decision making. These WGs, formed within the agreement between INGV and the Italian Civil Protection Department, involved about 20 researchers from INGV and Universities, as well as representatives of the Italian Civil Protection, to facilitate the reciprocal understanding and to address the work toward useful results for decision making. The WGs reviewed all the potential volcanic hazards for Ischia and Vulcano based on literature, results of previous projects, as well as ad hoc audits of other experts on specific topics, and organized a workshop to present the results and receive feedbacks from the extended scientific community