Search for the Supersymmetric Higgs boson in the pp -> b + Phi; Phi -> bb-bar channel with the CMS detector at LHC.

In this thesis the analysis performed for the search of the Higgs boson predicted by the Minimal Super-symmetric Standard Model (MSSM) is presented. The process on which the search is grounded is the Higgs boson production in association with b-quarks with the subsequent decay in a b-quark pair. The analyzed data sample has been recorded by the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in Geneva, Switzerland, during the 2011 data-taking. The data sample consists of a total integrated luminosity of L = 4.8 fb-1, recorded with different trigger paths along the 2011 LHC operations. The trigger have been updated during the data-taking in order to cope with the increasing pp collisions instantaneous luminosity provided by the LHC. The background to the signal events has been estimated through two data-driven methods. The systematic uncertainties related to the background have been estimated for both the shape and normalization. The signal is modeled through Monte Carlo simulation technique for different hypothesis of the Higgs boson mass. The systematic uncertainties related to the signal model, from different sources, have been estimated. A possible signal contribution in the analyzed data sample is investigated through a t to the data using the background templates estimated from the data-driven methods and the signal model from Monte Carlo simulation. The systematic uncertainties, as well as the statistics uncertainties, for both the signal and background have been taken into account in the t. The results are compatible with the expected background within the statistics and systematic uncertainties. No signal is found in the data within the sensitivity of the analysis. The sensitivity of the analysis has been calculated in the background only hypothesis. This is reported as upper limits on the cross section of the Higgs boson produced in association with two b-quarks times the branching ratio of the decay into a b-quark pair. This values are also interpreted as upper limits on parameters of the MSSM model. The results of the analysis discussed in this thesis have been combined with those obtained by the DESY (Hamburg, Germany) CMS group, exploiting a different analysis strategy for searching the Higgs boson in the same channel. The combined upper limits from the two analysis improve the sensitivity of the CMS experiment to a Higgs boson signal produced through the tested channel with respect to the single analysis

From the first to the third Critique. Judgment sensible position and Kant's concept of Zweckmäßigkeit

Starting from Lyotard's definition of Kantian reflection as "judgment repercussion", my contribution aims to describe the logical side of this repercussion. To do this, I will focus on Kant's concept of "judgment", explaining it as the logical act of constitution of experience. I will then point out how judgment involves sensibility for its self-affection and restriction to sensibility. Finally, I'll give a nominal explication of Kant's concept of Zweckmäßigkeit, returning to Lyotard's interpretation. The purpose, in so doing, is to offer to Lyotard's key concept a logical validation, finding its foundation in the Critique of pure Reason itself. And thus to gain an aesthetical definition of Judgment principle, to read the third Critique

An Updated Review of Cribriform Carcinomas with Emphasis on Histopathological Diagnosis and Prognostic Significance

Cribriform is a histopathological term used to describe a neoplastic epithelial proliferation in the form of large nests perforated by many quite rounded different-sized spaces. This growth pattern may be seen in carcinomas arising in different organs, and shows important prognostic implications. Therefore, recent data in literature suggest that cribriform carcinoma is a histologically and clinically distinctive type of tumour that should be separated from other similar tumour types. In this article, the pathology of cribriform adenocarcinoma of the prostate, lung, breast, stomach, colon, thyroid, and skin is discussed with particular reference to morphologic and immunohistochemical features, differential diagnosis, and clinical behaviour

A VIOLÊNCIA, A ESCOLA E AS POLÍTICAS DE ENFRENTAMENTO

Este artigo analisa alguns aspectos da violência na literatura internacional e na instituição escolar. Considera-se a violência na escola um tema relevante de política educacional, pois afeta a vida da instituição escolar e envolve os atores comprometidos com a educação. Analisa-se a violência derivada das normatizações da escola, as manifestações de violência nas interações interpessoais entre docente e discente e a violência presente na relação do aluno consigo mesmo e no convívio com seus pares. Neste texto, avalia-se que a superação da violência escolar não possa se dar a partir de uma ação isolada, ela depende de uma ação coletiva que envolva as instâncias administrativas, a escola, os professores e os próprios alunos

Pain Modulation in WAG/Rij Epileptic Rats (A Genetic Model of Absence Epilepsy): Effects of Biological and Pharmacological Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors

Epigenetic mechanisms are involved in epilepsy and chronic pain development. About that, we studied the effects of the natural histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor sodium butyrate (BUT) in comparison with valproic acid (VPA) in a validated genetic model of generalized absence epilepsy and epileptogenesis. WAG/Rij rats were treated with BUT (30 mg/kg), VPA (300 mg/kg), and their combination (BUT + VPA) daily per os for 6 months. Rats were subjected at Randall-Selitto, von Frey, hot plate, and tail flick tests after 1, 3, and 6 months of treatment to evaluate hypersensitivity to noxious and non-noxiuous stimuli. Moreover, PPAR-γ (G3335 1 mg/kg), GABA-B (CGP35348 80 mg/kg), and opioid (naloxone 1 mg/kg) receptor antagonists were administrated to investigate the possible mechanisms involved in analgesic activity. The expression of NFkB, glutathione reductase, and protein oxidation (carbonylation) was also evaluated by Western blot analysis. WAG/Rij rats showed an altered pain threshold throughout the study (p < 0.001). BUT and BUT + VPA treatment reduced hypersensitivity (p < 0.01). VPA was significantly effective only after 1 month (p < 0.01). All the three receptors are involved in BUT + VPA effects (p < 0.001). BUT and BUT + VPA decreased the expression of NFkB and enhanced glutathione reductase (p < 0.01); protein oxidation (carbonylation) was reduced (p < 0.01). No effect was reported with VPA. In conclusion BUT, alone or in coadministration with VPA, is a valuable candidate for managing the epilepsy-related persistent pain

Review of multiple hazards in volcanic islands to enable the management of long-term risks: the cases of Ischia and Vulcano, Italy

The management of long-term volcanic risks represents a challenge that requires a close cooperation between science and decision-making. This is particularly crucial in volcanic islands, which are characterized by multiple hazards concentrated in a relatively small environment, often associated with a large seasonality of exposure due to tourism. The scientific challenges are mainly the quantification and the characterization of the interactions among the multiple hazardous phenomena that may occur during the different “states of thevolcano” (quiescence, unrest, eruption) and the definition of robust methods to forecast the transition between these states. For these topics, the emerging scientific knowledge is often rather limited and uncertain and, also in case it was well constrained, difficult to communicate to decision makers due to its intrinsic complexity. On the other side, the challenge for decision making is to assimilate this uncertain knowledgeand translate it into actions. Here, we discuss the experience gained in two working groups (WGs) in charge of reviewing the state of knowledge about volcanic hazards for the Italian volcanic islands of Ischia and Vulcano to build the scientific ground for subsequent decision making. These WGs, formed within the agreement between INGV and the Italian Civil Protection Department, involved about 20 researchers from INGV and Universities, as well as representatives of the Italian Civil Protection, to facilitate the reciprocal understanding and to address the work toward useful results for decision making. The WGs reviewed all the potential volcanic hazards for Ischia and Vulcano based on literature, results of previous projects, as well as ad hoc audits of other experts on specific topics, and organized a workshop to present the results and receive feedbacks from the extended scientific community

Monitoring the December 2015 summit eruptions of Mt. Etna (Italy): Implications on eruptive dynamics

A lengthy period of eruptive activity fromthe summit craters ofMt. Etna started in January 2011. It culminated in early December 2015 with a spectacular sequence of intense eruptive events involving all four summit craters (Voragine, Bocca Nuova,NewSoutheast Crater, and Northeast Crater). The activity consisted of high eruption columns, Strombolian explosions, lava flows andwidespread ash falls that repeatedly interferedwith air traffic. The most powerful episode occurred on 3 December 2015 from the Voragine. After three further potent episodes fromthe Voragine, activity shifted to the NewSoutheast Crater on 6 December 2015, where Strombolian activity and lava flow emission lasted for two days and were fed by the most primitive magma of the study period. Activity once more shifted to the Northeast Crater, where ash emission and weak Strombolian activity took place for several days. Sporadic ash emissions from all craters continued until 18 December, when all activity ceased. Although resembling the summit eruptions of 1998–1999, which also involved all four summit craters, thismultifaceted eruptive sequence occurred in an exceptionally short time window of less than three days, unprecedented in the recent activity of Mt. Etna. It also produced important morphostructural changes of the summit area with the coalescence of Voragine and Bocca Nuova in a single large crater, the “Central Crater”, reproducing themorphological setting of the summit cone before the formation of Bocca Nuova in 1968. The December 2015 volcanic crisis was followed closely by the staff of the Etna Observatory to monitor the on-going activity and forecast its evolution, in accordance with protocols agreed with the Italian Civil Protection Department.Published53-695V. Dinamica dei processi eruttivi e post-eruttiviJCR Journa