286 research outputs found
Now we got truck everywhere, we don't travel anywhere: A phenomenology of travelling by community mutika in the northern Kimberley, Western Australia
Motor vehicles tend to be highly personalised in all kinds of cultural milieus. The process of personalisation is primarily achieved through a projection of the travelling subject's own bodily schema onto the body of the vehicle. These strongly libidinal/narcissistic bodily investments are made visible, for example, in the penchant for personalised numberplates that expand parts of a vehicle owner's/user's bodily ego into that of their vehicle, in how some male truck drivers paint their wife's or girlfriend's name on their cab panels so that the driver is imaginarily travelling inside the desired woman's cab/body, or even in the way we might speak of a vehicle being 'gutsy' or 'gutless'. The projection of bodily schemata is also apparent in the way we internally differentiate a vehicle so that we might speak not just of its 'body', but also of its 'headlights', its 'tail' or 'arse-end', its steering arms and so on. Conversely, a vehicularisation of the human body is evident in idioms such as 'punching someone's lights out', 'making tracks' or 'going off the rails'. This dialectic between corporealisation of vehicles and a vehicularisation of the body is no less evident in the tropes used by the Indigenous people of the Kimberley region of north-western Australia where the forms of embodiment that are projected onto (and introjected from) vehicles take on the specificity of local body imagery and the particular ways in which vehicles are used there
The world has turned upside down: the 21st century revolution in rheumatology and podiatry’s new role
El campo de la reumatología es unos de los que mas progresión está teniendo en los últimos años, afectando directamente al pie y a la podología, enfermedades como la artritis reumatoide, las espondilistis anquilosante, la escleroderma o la artritis idiopática juvenil repercuten directamente en los piesUniversidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech
Outgroup, alignment and modelling improvements indicate that two TNFSF13-like genes existed in the vertebrate ancestor
Peer reviewedPublisher PD
PSYCHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A SPANISH TRANSLATION OF THE MANCHESTER FOOT PAIN AND DISABILITY INDEX: VALIDATION AND RASCH ANALYSIS
Background: The Manchester Foot Pain and Disability Index (MFPDI) is a self-assessment questionnaire developed in
the UK to measure foot pain and disability in the general population1. It has been translated and validated in several
languages 2,3
Objectives: The aim of this study was to conduct cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the MFPDI into Spanish
Methods: The cross-cultural adaptation process was undertaken using International Society for Pharmacoeconomics
and Outcomes Research (ISPOR)4 recommendations. This involved 8 stages: i) Forward translation, ii) Reconciliation,
iii) Back translation, iv) Back translation review, v) Harmonisation, vi) Pilot, vii) Pilot review, and viii) Proofreading. In the
validation phase, the MFPDI datasets from the UK (original) and Spain (adapted) were pooled and subjected to Rasch
analysis. Fit to the Rasch model, unidimensionality, reliability and cross-cultural invariance is reported
Results: The pooled dataset comprised 1015 patients (Spain n=333 and UK n=682) with characteristics summarised in
Table 1. Rasch analysis confirmed three subscales for both the Spanish and UK datasets and fit to the Rasch model X2
(df) = 15.945 (12), p = 0.194 and 31.024 (21), p = 0.073, for Spain and UK . The reliability (Person Separation Index -
PSI) was .85 and .82 for Spain and UK respectively. Significant cross-cultural non-invariance was present on the
Functional and Personal appearance subscales. Adjustment for the bias was achieved by ‘splitting’ the affected
subscales and creation of cultural-specific subscales for each country and cultural-general subscale. Fit to the Rasch
model was satisfied following cross-cultural adjustment (Table 1). The MFPDI was calibrated into interval-level scales for
Spain and UK to enable future data pooling or comparisons.
Sampl
e
size
Gender Age Item Fit
Residual
Person Fit
Residual
Chi Square
Interaction
PSI
Analysis N Female
(%)
Mean
(SD)
Mean SD Mean SD Value
(df)
p
Spain 333 248
(74.4)
51.6
(15.2)
-0.164 3.07 -
0.364
0.93 15.95
(12)
0.19 0.85
UK 682 416
(61.0)
55.2
(16.7)
-0.366 2.80 -
0.429
0.99 31.02
(21)
0.07 0.82
Pooled 1015 663
(65.4)
52.8
(15.8)
-0.766 4.40 -
0.441
1.06 49.17
(27)
0.01 0.84
DIFAdjusted
-0.420 2.98 -
0.415
0.98 57.94
(45)
0.09 0.84
Table 1: P = Χ2 interaction probability, (non-significant P = Fit to the model), PSI = Person separation index
Conclusions: A gold standard translation process (ISPOR) has been used to develop a Spanish (for Spain) version of
the MFPDI, a widely used foot-specific patient-reported outcome measure. Rasch analysis has confirmed that the MFPDI
is a robust 3-subscale measure of foot pain, function and appearance in both its English and Spanish versions. Future
work can make cross-cultural comparisons using the calibrated scale
The relationship between subchondral bone cysts and cartilage health in the Tibiotalar joint: A finite element analysis
Background: Subchondral bone cysts are a common presentation in ankle haemarthropathy. The relationship with ankle joint health has however not previously been investigated. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of subchondral bone cysts of differing shapes, volumes and depths on joint health. Methods: Chronologically sequential Magnetic Resonance imaging scans of four hemophilic ankles with subchondral bone cysts present (N = 18) were used to build patient specific finite element models under two cystic conditions to assess their influence on cartilage contact pressures. Variables such as location, volume and depth were considered individually, to investigate whether certain cystic conditions may be more detrimental to cartilage health. Findings: Significant quantifiable contact redistribution was seen in the presence of subchondral bone cysts and this redistribution reflected the shape and size of the cysts, however, with the presence of cysts in both bones in 10 of the 18 cases a direct relationship to volume could not be correlated. Interpretation: This work demonstrated a redistribution of contact pressures in the presence of subchondral bone cysts. This alteration to loading history could be linked to cartilage degeneration due to the biological response to abnormal loading
Morphological variation of the hemophilic talus
Flattening of the trochlear tali is clinically observed as structural and functional changes advance in patients with hemarthropathy of the ankle. However, the degree of this flattening has not yet been quantified, and distribution of the morphological changes across the talus not yet defined. Chronologically sequential MR images of both a hemophilic patient group (N = 5) and a single scan from a nondiseased, sex-matched, control group (N = 11) were used to take four measurements of the trochlear talus morphology at three locations (medial, central and lateral) along the sagittal plane. Three ratios of interest were defined from these to assess whether the talar dome flattens with disease. The control group MRI measurements were validated against literature data obtained from CT scans or planar X-Rays. The influence of disease on talar morphology was assessed by direct comparison of the hemophilic cases with the control group. The values for all three ratios, in all locations, differed between the control and the hemophilic group. Flattening was indicated in the hemophilic group in the medial and lateral talus, but differences in the central talus were not statistically significant. This work demonstrates that morphological assessment of the talus from MR images is similar to that from CT scans or planar X-Rays. Talar flattening does occur with hemarthropathy, especially at the medial and lateral edges of the joint surface. General flattening of the trochlear talus was confirmed in this small patient sample, however the degree and rate of change is unique to each ankle
- …