Acute toxicities of Basudine and Gammalin 20 to Aphyosemin gairdneri

Effects of Basudine and Gammalin 20 on the fingerlings of Aphyosemin gairdneri were investigated using static bioassays and continuous aeration over a period of 48 hours. The 48 hours LC sub(50) of the exposed fish to Basudine and Gammalin 20 were determined to be 194.99 mu g dm super(3) and 95.50 mu g dm super(3) respectively. Gammalin 20 was more toxic than Basudine. The behavioural responses observed include agitation, erratic swimming, loss of equilibrium, period of quiescence and death. It is concluded that repeated applications of these herbicides should be avoided before stocking ponds with fis

Fish Families of Oguta Lake, South Eastern Nigeria, and Sustainability Issues

Fish species of Oguta Lake were sampled for seven months to acertain present status. The catch consisted of 5 orders, 15 families, 21 genera and 28 species.  Bagridae, Characidae, Anabantidae, Citharinidae and Notopteridae  were dominant families in terms of numbers; in terms of species,  Cichlidae  was most dominant ( 5 species). In descending order number of species identified were: three each, for Mormyridae, Characidae and Mochokidae;  and a species or two for each of the remaining 11 families,  indicating that there could be high risk of complete wipe out of such families under sudden adverse environmental conditions. As a potential source of socio-economic development to surrounding communities the anthropogenic activities on this lake should be defined in order to forestall   the gradual and continuous loss of its useful services. The root crop cassava (Manihot sp.) cottage industry can be sited by the lake to stop its direct processing within the lake. Domestic waste should not be dumped directly into the lake as well.  The management of Oguta Lake is encouraged since this will curtail the negative impacts of anthropogenic activities on the lake aquatic resources through appropriate management approaches. Ecosystem - and community - based approaches, including integrated and adaptive management measures are suggested for the management of the lake   and its aquatic resources, as there seemed to be some kind of shift, to a reduction in the lake fish assemblage. Keywords: Anthropogenic activities, fish families, fisheries management, shif

Effects of Collaborative Learning on Chemistry Students’ Academic Achievement and Anxiety Level in Balancing Chemical Equations in Secondary School in Katsina Metropolis, Nigeria

The study investigated effects of Collaborative learning on Chemistry students’ academic achievement and Anxiety level in Balancing Chemical Equations in Secondary Schools in Katsina metropolis, Nigeria. The study sampled 80 SSII students, randomly selected from two senior secondary schools in katsina metropolis. The two schools were randomly placed as experimental and control groups each with 40 students. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest research design was used for the study. The study subjects in the experimental group was taught/ allowed to learn using Collaborative learning concept of Balancing Chemical Equation, while the control group also was taught the same concept using traditional method for the period of six weeks. A chemistry Achievement test and Students Anxiety scale Questionnaire were used as the instruments for data collection. Performance of the two groups were compared using post-test mean scores, and t-test unrelated sample, at a significant level (P) =0.05. The findings from the study shows those students taught using Collaborative learning tent to achieve significantly higher and their anxiety was found to be low when compared with those taught using lecture method. Based on the findings, the recommendations were made among which; Chemistry teachers should always use Collaborative learning in teaching chemistry concepts, as this method enhance students achievement and reduce students anxiety

Enrichment of Artemia nauplii with essential fatty acids and vitamin C: effect on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) larvae performance

The effect of essential fatty acids (EFA) and vitamin C-enriched Artemia nauplii on growth, survival, and resistance to temperature (high) stress in rainbow trout larvae reared in tanks were investigated. The larvae (average weight 120.43mg±13.5) were fed 6 times daily starting at the onset of exogenous feeding for 1 week. Triplicate groups of fish were offered one of four treatments (1) commercial starter food for rainbow trout, (2) newly hatched Artemia nauplii (unenriched), (3) highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) + vitamin C-enriched Artemia nauplii and (4) combination of 10% HUFA + vitamin C enriched nauplii and commercial starter food. After 1 week, all groups of fish were switched to the commercial diet for an additional period of 3 weeks. Statistical analysis of growth after the first week and at the end of the experiment, showed that growth of larvae in various treatments was significantly different (P<0.05). After 4 weeks, the larvae in treatment 3 with the average weight of 657.50 ± 57.93 mg had the highest body weight (P<0.05). The highest percentage of survival (96%) was observed in treatment 3 (P<0.05). Proximate compositions of trout larvae after one week feeding with experimental diets showed that the protein in the larvae of treatments 3 and 4 was significantly different compared to other treatments (P<0.05). The best result of resistance to temperature (up to 24ºC) was observed in larvae reared on treatment 3 with 91.34 ± 1.52 percent (P<0.05)

Flexural and Compression Superiority of Sewage Sledge Ash Concrete

The sustainability of environment has become a global issue, and several researches have been conducted in order to uncover possible and trustworthy solutions for lowering the problem and increasing one's quality of life. Wastewater treatment produces sludge, which is an unavoidable byproduct. Landfilling, ocean dumping, and spreading over reclaimed territory are all common ways of disposal. However, these popular sludge disposal methods represent a significant dilemma since they can pollute the environment, including the air, land, and water. Since sewage sludge can be treated to produce sewage sludge ash (SSA), which has the potential to replace certain percentages of cement, studies on sewage sludge have been popular in recent years. Many studies have been done to use the SSA in lightweight concrete, bricks, and aerated concrete because nations like Spain and the United Kingdom have problems disposing of sewage sludge. This study focuses on the flexural and compression strength of the sewage sludge ash (SSA) concrete for 3, 7 and 21 days of curing relatively to its density. In this study 10 percentages of SSA was used as a replacement to cement and fine aggregates. The flexural strength of concrete for cement replaced with SSA was lower than the control sample but it has an higher early flexural strength. The flexural strength of concrete for fine aggregate replaced with SSA was higher compared to the control sample. Comparatively, the compressive strength of concrete when SSA used as combination of cement and fine aggregate replacement also give higher value compare to control sample

Effect of using Algebraic Method on Secondary School Students’ Performance in Balancing Chemical Equations in Chemistry

The study was undertaken to establish the effect of Algebraic Method on Secondary School Students’ performance in balancing chemical equations. The sample of the study consisted of 81 Grade 11 students from two intact classes which were purposively selected but randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The design of the study was pre-test post-test control group quasi-experimental design. The study subjects in the experimental group were taught using Algebraic method, while the control group was taught using the conventional Inspection method over a period of four weeks. Balancing Chemical Equation Performance Test (BCEPT) was used to determine the performance of the two groups after treatment. An independent samples t-test at an alpha level (α) = .05 was conducted to compare the performance of the groups during both the pre-test and post-test. The results of pre-test revealed that there was no significant difference in the performance of both groups. This result implied that the experimental and control groups were equivalent in terms of performance before treatment was administered to the experimental group. However, during post-test there was a statistically significant difference in the mean performance scores of experimental (M = 62.2, SD = 21.8) group and control (M =49.7, SD = 18.0) group t (79) = 2.817, p = .006. The implicature was that students taught balancing chemical equations using Algebraic method performed better than those taught using Inspection method. Keywords: Algebraic method, Balancing chemical equations, Inspection method, Performance DOI: 10.7176/JEP/10-23-08 Publication date: August 31st 201

Stabilization of Soft Soil by Incinerated Sewage Sludge Ash from Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant for Engineering Construction

Effective Management of Municipal Solid Waste cannot be achieved without involving wastewater treatment plants as they generate sludge that must be disposed of in an environmentally friendly manner. Therefore, recycling or reusing them are the preferred options for sustainable development. The study presented the use of incinerated sewage sludge ash (ISSA) as a soil stabilizing agent. Oxide compositions were determined by the X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). Result showed that ISSA contains Silicon oxide, SiO2 (61.42 %), Aluminum oxide Al2O3 (23.51 %) and Iron oxide, Fe2O3 (4.24 %) in high proportion. Clay soil with low to medium plasticity (CL) from an A-7-6 group was replaced with 0 % 3 %, 5 %, 7 % and 10 % ISSA. Test such as California Bearing Ratio (CBR), Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS), Compaction and Atterberg limit were conducted. Soil obtained lowest OMC and highest MDD values both at 7% ash content. PI dramatically reduced at short extension of curing age from 21 % to 7 % at 10 % ISSA content thereby improving it from category A7 to A2. With 2.25 % at 3 days realized as the maximum value for resistance to loss in strength, durability requirement is satisfied. ISSA effectively raised CBR values of soil from 15.6 % to 19.5 %, 32.6 %, 47.9 % and 46.4 % respectively with 7 % ISSA additive yielding best result. Therefore, the study concludes that 7 % ISSA additive effectively enhance the strength of soft soils

Medicovan (1967-03)

Published by: Medical College of Virginia, Feb. 1948-Aug. 1972; Virginia Commonwealth University, Sept. 1972-Feb. 1973.https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/med/1167/thumbnail.jp