Jelenkori és múltbeli hidrogeológiai folyamatok sztochasztikus modelljei, ezek értékelése és földtani értelmezése = Stochastic models of recent and paleo- hydrogeological processes, their evaluation and geological interpretation

A felszín alatti vizek hidrográfjait alakító látens hatások hatások azonosítására, és ezek intenzitásának számszerűsítésére szolgáló dinamikus faktoranalízis (DFA) alkalmazási körét szélesítettük. Tettük ezt karsztos viszonyok között területi kiterjesztéssel, valamint nem-karsztos üledékes környezet talajvízszint adatainak elemzésével. A DFA a víztartó sérülékenységének hatékony mérőszámát nyújtja a látens hatások intenzitását reprezentáló faktorsúlyok segítségével. A Szigetközben a faktorsúlyok változása jól kimutatja a Duna betáplálási helyének az elterelés következtében kialakuló mintegy 15 km-es elmozdulását. Két fontos modellt alkottunk folyók napi vízhozam idősorának leírására, elemeztük becsléseik tulajdonságát, és illesztettük a Tisza és a Duna adataira. Az első modellben egy általánosított béta-ARCH zajt bocsátunk át egy ARMA szűrőn, míg a másikban egy szemi-Markov rezsimindikátor folyamat vezérli gamma bolyongások és Gauss AR(1) folyamatok váltakozásait a fel- és leszálló rezsimeknek megfelelően. A modellek extrém érték tulajdonságait vizsgáltuk elméletileg és szimulációval, majd összvetettük a valós adatokkal, jó egyezést nyerve. Eredményeinket felhasználtuk biztosítók árvízkockázatának elemzésében. Az aggteleki karszton repedésrendszerek kiürülési idejét határoztuk meg 5 forrás log-vízhozam görbéjének töréspontjai segítségével. | We tested the adequacy and power of dynamic factor analysis (DFA) in determining latent effects that shape the hydrographs of groundwater monitoring wells. Within the karstic environment, we extended the monitoring area of our previous project. We successfully applied DFA in sedimentary environments, other than karst. DFA provides a powerful indicator of the vulnerability of the aquifer by measuring the intensity of the major latent effects at a given location. In the Szigetköz area the changes of the factor loadings trace back the migration of water supply from Danube into the aquifer caused by the construction of the Bős dam. We gave two important models for diurnal discharge time series of rivers, analysed the properties of their estimators, and fitted them to the data of Tisza and Danube. In the first model a generalised beta-ARCH type noise passes through an ARMA filter, whereas in the second a semi-Markov hidden regime indicator process governs the swithches of a gamma random walk and a Gaussian AR(1) process in the ascending and descending regimes. We analysed the extreme value properties of the models both in theory and by means of simulations, and compared it with the real data. The results were used in flood risk estimations for insurance companies. We determined the depletion-time of various crack-systems in the Aggtelek karst from the break-points of the log-runoff curves of 5 springs in the area

Characterization of a Lipoyl Domain-independent B-cell Autoepitope on the Human Branched-chain Acyltransferase in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and Overlap Syndrome with Autoimmune Hepatitis

Background and aims: Antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) which recognize pyruvate acetyltransferase (PDC-E2) represent a highly diagnostic feature of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). The analysis of immunofluorescence (IF)-AMA-positive sera in PBC patients indicates a conformational epitope located within the lipoyl binding domain of bovine branched-chain acyltransferase (BCKADC-E2) alone or in combination with AMA directed against PDC-E2 the significance of which is presently unclear. In the present study, immunoreactivities and disease associations of AMA against BCKADC-E2 were analyzed. B-cell autoepitopes on BCKADC-E2 were mapped by immunoprecipitation assay

Promoter methylation of CDKN2A and lack of p16 expression characterize patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The product of CDKN2A, p16 is an essential regulator of the cell cycle controlling the entry into the S-phase. Herein, we evaluated CDKN2A promoter methylation and p16 protein expression for the differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from other liver tumors.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Tumor and corresponding non-tumor liver tissue samples were obtained from 85 patients with liver tumors. CDKN2A promoter methylation was studied using MethyLight technique and methylation-specific PCR (MSP). In the MethyLight analysis, samples with ≥ 4% of PMR (percentage of methylated reference) were regarded as hypermethylated. p16 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in tissue sections (n = 148) obtained from 81 patients using an immunoreactivity score (IRS) ranging from 0 (no expression) to 6 (strong expression).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Hypermethylation of the CDKN2A promoter was found in 23 HCCs (69.7%; mean PMR = 42.34 ± 27.8%), six (20.7%; mean PMR = 31.85 ± 18%) liver metastases and in the extralesional tissue of only one patient. Using MSP, 32% of the non-tumor (n = 85), 70% of the HCCs, 40% of the CCCs and 24% of the liver metastases were hypermethylated. Correspondingly, nuclear p16 expression was found immunohistochemically in five (10.9%, mean IRS = 0.5) HCCs, 23 (92%; mean IRS = 4.9) metastases and only occasionally in hepatocytes of non-lesional liver tissues (mean IRS = 1.2). The difference of CDKN2A-methylation and p16 protein expression between HCCs and liver metastases was statistically significant (p < 0.01, respectively).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Promoter methylation of CDKN2A gene and lack of p16 expression characterize patients with HCC.</p

Kezdeti tapasztalatok a Sorin Perceval S aorta biológiai billentyű beültetésével [Early experiences with the Sorin Perceval S arteficial biological valve]

OBJECTIVES: We examined the Sorin Perceval S artificial biological valve implantation techniques, and present the initial experiences in our unit. METHODS: In the last 1.5 years, 27 patients had been implanted with Sorin Perceval S biological arteficial valve due to aortic valve disease. The device was mainly used in high-risk patients, in reoperative circumstances, in cases of calcified aortic root, and in elderly patients. RESULTS: The valve implantation time, aortic cross clamp time is shorter, but the risk of the operation cannot be eliminated entirely, because of the high risk patients' severe comorbidities. Furthermore, we performed echocardiography in the postoperative period, which demonstrated that the valve function is excellent, the valve fitted tightly in the anulus, and there was no paravalvular leakage. CONCLUSIONS: The Sorin Perceval S biological arteficial aortic valve is safe to use in high risk patients, and the surgical procedure is easier in case of partial sternotomy, too