Die HRV-Analyse als Präventionsinstrument gegen Stress der Mitarbeitenden im Unternehmen

Krankheitsbedingte Ausfälle aufgrund psychischer Erkrankungen sind in den letzten Jahren stark angestiegen. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, ein Kennzahlensystem zu entwickeln, mit welchem die chronische Stressbelastung der Mitarbeitenden in einem Unternehmen beschrieben werden kann. Ausgehend vom State-of-the-Art der Herzfrequenzvariabilität (HRV) und der Stressmedizin wurde deduktiv auf mögliche Kennzahlensysteme geschlossen, welche im Anschluss bewertet wurden. Es konnte ein einfaches und zusammengesetztes Kennzahlensystem entwickelt werden, mit dessen Hilfe es möglich ist, die Tendenz der Anpassungsfähigkeit (Gesundheitszustand und Wohlbefinden) auf äussere und innere Einflüsse der Mitarbeitenden zu bestimmen. Dadurch kann auf die Tendenz für eine chronische Stressbelastung der Mitarbeitenden geschlossen werden. Die Kennzahlensysteme sind in der Lage, ohne Eingabe des Trägers zu einem validen Endergebnis zu kommen. Sie geben Auskunft darüber wie viele Mitarbeitende in der untersuchten Messperiode die entsprechende Tendenz aufweisen. Mithilfe der Kennzahlensysteme können Unternehmen geeignete Massnahmen einleiten, um ihre Mitarbeitenden vor schweren Krankheiten zu schützen

Respuestas Estratégicas de las Empresas Familiares Argentinas Frente a la Crisis del Covid-19. Estudio de Casos

From the perspective of “familiness”, this paper aims to understand the behaviour of family businesses in light of the pandemic caused by COVID-19. In the empirical study, a qualitative design was applied. Following Eisenhardt (1989) and Eisenhardt y Graebner (2007), a minimum of 4 (four) cases were selected to explore and report on the first responses in terms of organisational strategies implemented by family businesses located in a medium-sized municipality in Argentina and belonging to the agri-food chain. The results obtained make it possible to state that, in the face of this crisis, the participating organisations focused on evaluating external circumstances and adopting a series of immediate measures aimed at reducing expenses to maintain themselves, but also at growing towards new markets, relying on self-financing and strong family ties and relationships with third parties. The paper provides new evidence on the resilience of these companies in critical contexts, particularly those located in geographically delimited environments.Desde la perspectiva de la “familiaridad”, el objetivo de este trabajo es comprender el comportamiento de las empresas familiares frente a la pandemia originada por el COVID-19.  En el estudio empírico se aplicó un diseño cualitativo; siguiendo a Eisenhardt (1989) y Eisenhardt y Graebner (2007), se optó por seleccionar un mínimo de cuatro casos con la finalidad de explorar e informar acerca de las primeras respuestas en términos de estrategias organizacionales implementadas por empresas de naturaleza familiar, ubicadas en un municipio de tamaño intermedio de Argentina y pertenecientes a la cadena agroalimentaria. Los resultados obtenidos permiten manifestar que, frente a esta crisis, las organizaciones participantes se enfocaron en evaluar las circunstancias externas y adoptar una serie de medidas inmediatas orientadas a reducir gastos para mantenerse, aunque también en el crecimiento hacia nuevos mercados, apoyándose en el autofinanciamiento y los fuertes vínculos familiares y con terceros. El trabajo proporciona nueva evidencia sobre la capacidad de recuperación de estas empresas en contextos críticos, en particular aquellas ubicadas en entornos geográficamente delimitados

Composition, Structure, and Formation of Biofilms Constituted by Periodontopathogenic Microorganisms

Microorganisms that compose the oral microbiota maintain complex interactions with each other, especially pathogens related to periodontal disease. It is possible to characterize the etiology of this multifactorial and polymicrobial disease by the accumulation of biofilms formed in the supra- and subgingival environments associated to the immunological response and the susceptibility of the host, being responsible for a large part of the dental loss especially in the adult phase. Periodontal treatment has been carried out mainly by scaling and root planing. This therapy is limited due to the difficult access in some areas of the teeth, impairing the removal of biofilms. So, this chapter will focus on the composition and formation of the biofilm as well as the host’s immune response to periodontopathogenic microorganisms. Additionally, the therapeutic challenges and the treatments that are currently being studied in order to eliminate this biofilm, such as antimicrobial phototherapy, will be discussed

Biocompatibility and inflammatory response of silver tungstate, silver molybdate, and silver vanadate microcrystals

Silver tungstate (α-Ag2WO4), silver molybdate (β-Ag2MoO4), and silver vanadate (α-AgVO3) microcrystals have shown interesting antimicrobial properties. However, their biocompatibility is not yet fully understood. Cytotoxicity and the inflammatory response of silver-containing microcrystals were analyzed in THP-1 and THP-1 differentiated as macrophage-like cells, with the alamarBlue™ assay, flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, and ELISA. The present investigation also evaluated redox signaling and the production of cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-8 and -9). The results showed that α-AgVO3 (3.9 μg/mL) did not affect cell viability (p > 0.05). α-Ag2WO4 (7.81 μg/mL), β-Ag2MoO4 (15.62 μg/mL), and α-AgVO3 (15.62 μg/mL) slightly decreased cell viability (p ≤ 0.003). All silver-containing microcrystals induced the production of O2 − and this effect was mitigated by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) scavenger and N-acetylcysteine (NAC). TNFα, IL-6 and IL-1β were not detected in THP-1 cells, while their production was either lower (p ≤ 0.0321) or similar to the control group (p ≥ 0.1048) for macrophage-like cells. The production of IL-8 by both cellular phenotypes was similar to the control group (p ≥ 0.3570). The release of MMP-8 was not detected in any condition in THP-1 cells. Although MMP-9 was released by THP-1 cells exposed to α-AgVO3 (3.9 μg/mL), no significant difference was found with control (p = 0.7). Regarding macrophage-like cells, the release of MMP-8 and -9 decreased in the presence of all microcrystals (p ≤ 0.010). Overall, the present work shows a promising biocompatibility profile of, α-Ag2WO4, βAg2MoO4, and α-AgVO3 microcrystals

Core-sheath nanostructured chitosan-based nonwovens as a potential drug delivery system for periodontitis treatment.

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Impact of Detectable Monoclonal Protein at Diagnosis on Outcomes in Marginal Zone Lymphoma: A Multicenter Cohort Study

Given the paucity of data surrounding the prognostic relevance of monoclonal paraprotein (M-protein) in marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), we sought to evaluate the impact of detecting M-protein at diagnosis on outcomes in patients with MZL in a large retrospective cohort. The study included 547 patients receiving first-line therapy for MZL. M-protein was detectable at diagnosis in 173 (32%) patients. There was no significant difference in the time from diagnosis to initiation of any therapy (systemic and local) between the M-protein and no M-protein groups. Patients with M-protein at diagnosis had significantly inferior progression-free survival (PFS) compared with those without M-protein at diagnosis. After adjusting for factors associated with inferior PFS in univariate models, presence of M-protein remained significantly associated with inferior PFS (hazard ratio, 1.74; 95% confidence interval, 1.20-2.54; P = .004). We observed no significant difference in the PFS based on the type or quantity of M-protein at diagnosis. There were differential outcomes in PFS based on the first-line therapy in patients with M-protein at diagnosis, in that, those receiving immunochemotherapy had better outcomes compared with those receiving rituximab monotherapy. The cumulative incidence of relapse in stage 1 disease among the recipients of local therapy was higher in the presence of M-protein; however, this did not reach statistical significance. We found that M-protein at diagnosis was associated with a higher risk of histologic transformation. Because the PFS difference related to presence of M-protein was not observed in patients receiving bendamustine and rituximab, immunochemotherapy may be a preferred approach over rituximab monotherapy in this group and needs to be explored further

Impact of Early Relapse within 24 Months after First-Line Systemic Therapy (POD24) on Outcomes in Patients with Marginal Zone Lymphoma: A US Multisite Study

Progression of disease within 24 months (POD24) from diagnosis in marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) was shown to portend poor outcomes in prior studies. However, many patients with MZL do not require immediate therapy, and the time from diagnosis-to-treatment interval can be highly variable with no universal criteria to initiate systemic therapy. Hence, we sought to evaluate the prognostic relevance of early relapse or progression within 24 months from systemic therapy initiation in a large US cohort. The primary objective was to evaluate the overall survival (OS) in the two groups. The secondary objective included the evaluation of factors predictive of POD24 and the assessment of cumulative incidence of histologic transformation (HT) in POD24 versus non-POD24 groups. The study included 524 patients with 143 (27%) in POD24 and 381 (73%) in non-POD24 groups. Patients with POD24 had inferior OS compared to those without POD24, regardless of the type of systemic therapy received (rituximab monotherapy or immunochemotherapy) at diagnosis. After adjusting for factors associated with inferior OS in the univariate Cox model, POD24 remained associated with significantly inferior OS (HR = 2.50, 95% CI = 1.53-4.09, p = 0.0003) in multivariable analysis. The presence of monoclonal protein at diagnosis and those who received first-line rituximab monotherapy had higher odds of POD24 on logistic regression analysis. Patients with POD24 had a significantly higher risk for HT compared to those without POD24. POD24 in MZL might be associated with adverse biology and could be used as an additional information point in clinical trials and investigated as a marker for worse prognosis