1,462 research outputs found
Valore aggiunto alle nostre strade
Si viene determinando l’esigenza di riflettere sulla necessità di decidere quale funzione assegnare ai diversi elementi dei patrimoni esistenti quando si pensi alla progettazione di nuove opere. La finalità che ci si prefigge, in attesa di Norme specifiche per
l’adeguamento di infrastrutture viarie esistenti, è formulare
proposte per l’adattamento della Normativa vigente al tema
progettuale in questione
Ferromagnetic features on zero-bias conductance peaks in ferromagnet/insulator/superconductor junction
We present a formula for tunneling conductance in ballistic
ferromagnet/ferromagnetic insulator/superconductor junctions where the
superconducting state has opposite spin pairing symmetry. The formula can
involve correctly a ferromagnetism has been induced by effective mass
difference between up- and down-spin electrons. Then, this effective mass
mismatch ferromagnet and standard Stoner ferromagnet have been employed in this
paper. As an application of the formulation, we have studied the tunneling
effect for junctions including spin-triplet p-wave superconductor. The
conductace spectra show a clear difference between two ferromagnets depending
upon the way of normalization of the conductance. Especially, a essential
difference is seen in zero-bias conductance peaks reflecting characteristics of
each ferromagnets. From obtained results, it will be suggested that the
measurements of the tunneling conductance in the junction provide us a useful
information about the mechanism of itinerant ferromagnetism in metal.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures, references added to the first versio
L???adeguamento del patrimonio infrastrutturale esistente
Il nostro Paese ha un'orografia complessa ed è caratterizzato da un sistema insediativo
composto per lo più da città di medie dimensioni, da
paesi e da borghi, formatosi in un territorio prealpino,
appenninico, e comunque collinare come nelle Isole
maggiori, tutti accomunati dalla presenza di emergenze
storico-ambientali, testimonianza di una storia
plurisecolare. A questo dato territoriale, corrisponde un
patrimonio stradale costituito, solo nella misura del 4%
(circa 7.000 km), da strade a carreggiate separate,
assimilabili al tipo autostradale, e quindi
prevalentemente composto da strade a carreggiata
unica, appartenenti a differenti Enti ed Amministrazioni,
spesso inadeguate in termini di sicurezza della
circolazione
Preventing Household Food Waste in Italy: A Segmentation of the Population and Suggestions for Action
Household food waste represents one of the main challenges threatening the sustainability of modern food systems globally. As is widely recognised, a deeper understanding of wasteful behaviour profiles is the starting point of designing intervention strategies. The overall objective of this research is to explore the role of psychological factors that influence household wasteful food behaviour in Italy and to profile consumers with heterogeneous personal attitudes towards wasting food. Starting with data collected through a web-based survey realized on a sample of 530 individuals responsible for household shopping, a principal component analysis and a two-step cluster analysis revealed three different segments of consumers with heterogeneous wasteful behaviours. The clusters differ in relation to psychological factors, such as moral attitudes and concerns about and intentions to reduce food waste. The study findings provide insights for implementing prevention, reduction, and recovery strategies tailored to these different consumer profiles
The role of Akt signalling in the mammalian ovary
The serine/threonine protein kinase Akt is involved in many cellular processes including cell growth, survival, proliferation and metabolism. Akt activity is modulated downstream of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) in response to different extracellular stimuli. In the mammalian ovary, Akt collaborates with other kinases in the regulation of coordinate follicle and oocyte development. Akt determines the pool of primordial follicles and the transition from quiescent to growing phase. In addition, the kinase modulates granulosa cell apoptosis throughout folliculogenesis. In oocytes Akt participates in the control of meiosis resumption and, at metaphase II stage, regulates polar body emission and spindle organization. Its inhibition negatively affects preimplantation embryo development. As a consequence of such a central role, Akt dysregulation is associated with several human diseases including infertility and ovarian cancer.[...
Niobium superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors
We investigate the performance of superconducting nanowire photon detectors
fabricated from ultra-thin Nb. A direct comparison is made between these
detectors and similar nanowire detectors fabricated from NbN. We find that Nb
detectors are significantly more susceptible than NbN to thermal instability
(latching) at high bias. We show that the devices can be stabilized by reducing
the input resistance of the readout. Nb detectors optimized in this way are
shown to have approximately 2/3 the reset time of similar large-active-area NbN
detectors of the same geometry, with approximately 6% detection efficiency for
single photons at 470 nm
Random Graph-Homomorphisms and Logarithmic Degree
A graph homomorphism between two graphs is a map from the vertex set of one
graph to the vertex set of the other graph, that maps edges to edges. In this
note we study the range of a uniformly chosen homomorphism from a graph G to
the infinite line Z. It is shown that if the maximal degree of G is
`sub-logarithmic', then the range of such a homomorphism is super-constant.
Furthermore, some examples are provided, suggesting that perhaps for graphs
with super-logarithmic degree, the range of a typical homomorphism is bounded.
In particular, a sharp transition is shown for a specific family of graphs
C_{n,k} (which is the tensor product of the n-cycle and a complete graph, with
self-loops, of size k). That is, given any function psi(n) tending to infinity,
the range of a typical homomorphism of C_{n,k} is super-constant for k = 2
log(n) - psi(n), and is 3 for k = 2 log(n) + psi(n)
An overview of coumarin as a versatile and readily accessible scaffold with broad-ranging biological activities
Privileged structures have been widely used as an effective template for the research and discovery of high value chemicals. Coumarin is a simple scaffold widespread in Nature and it can be found in a considerable number of plants as well as in some fungi and bacteria. In the last years, these natural compounds have been gaining an increasing attention from the scientific community for their wide range of biological activities, mainly due to their ability to interact with diverse enzymes and receptors in living organisms. In addition, coumarin nucleus has proved to be easily synthetized and decorated, giving the possibility of designing new coumarin-based compounds and investigating their potential in the treatment of various diseases. The versatility of coumarin scaffold finds applications not only in medicinal chemistry but also in the agrochemical field as well as in the cosmetic and fragrances industry. This review is intended to be a critical overview on coumarins, comprehensive of natural sources, metabolites, biological evaluations and synthetic approaches
Multistep, sequential control of the trafficking and function of the multiple sulfatase deficiency gene product, SUMF1 by PDI, ERGIC-53 and ERp44.
Sulfatase modifying factor 1 (SUMF1) encodes for the formylglicine generating enzyme, which activates sulfatases by modifying a key cysteine residue within their catalytic domains. SUMF1 is mutated in patients affected by multiple sulfatase deficiency, a rare recessive disorder in which all sulfatase activities are impaired. Despite the absence of canonical retention/retrieval signals, SUMF1 is largely retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where it exerts its enzymatic activity on nascent sulfatases. Part of SUMF1 is secreted and paracrinally taken up by distant cells. Here we show that SUMF1 interacts with protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) and ERp44, two thioredoxin family members residing in the early secretory pathway, and with ERGIC-53, a lectin that shuttles between the ER and the Golgi. Functional assays reveal that these interactions are crucial for controlling SUMF1 traffic and function. PDI couples SUMF1 retention and activation in the ER. ERGIC-53 and ERp44 act downstream, favoring SUMF1 export from and retrieval to the ER, respectively. Silencing ERGIC-53 causes proteasomal degradation of SUMF1, while down-regulating ERp44 promotes its secretion. When over-expressed, each of three interactors favors intracellular accumulation. Our results reveal a multistep control of SUMF1 trafficking, with sequential interactions dynamically determining ER localization, activity and secretion
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