Mechanisms involved in mitoquinone-mediated protection of H9C2 cells against anti-cancer drug doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity

INTRODUCTION: Due to cardiotoxicity, doxorubicin (DOX), a chemotherapeutic agent, has limited use. Our lab has shown that Mitoquinone (MitoQ) given as a pre-treatment exerted better cardioprotection against DOX-induced cell damage than co-treatment. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the underlying mechanisms associated with pre-treating cardiomyocytes with MitoQ and why it demonstrated more potent protection against Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity when compared to co-treatment. METHODS: Cultured H9c2 cells were dose-dependently treated with DOX alone, MitoQ alone, MitoQ given concurrently with DOX (i.e., co-treatment), or MitoQ given 24 hours prior to DOX (i.e., pre-treatment). Various factors were explored such as cell viability via CCK assay, DOX accumulation, mitochondrial superoxide anions levels measured by MitoSOX assay, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) as measured by JC-10 assay. Western blotting was used to measure the expression of antioxidant enzymes heme oxygenase 1 and superoxide dismutase 1. RESULTS: DOX (.5-50 μM) dose-dependently increased mitochondrial superoxide levels, and reduced cell viability. DOX also reduced the MMP, but demonstrated a plateau effect (≥ 1μM). Furthermore, when compared to the non-treated control, MitoQ alone (0.005– 5μM) reduced mitochondrial superoxide levels with a maximum reduction of 52% ± 1% at 1 μM. Contrastingly, MitoQ (10 μM) became pro-oxidant. Additionally, higher doses of MitoQ (1-10 μM) depolarized the MMP. Pre-treating with MitoQ (≥ 1μM) showed maximal protection, with a significant reduction of DOX accumulation and superoxide anion levels by 22% ± 8% and 53% ± 7% relative to DOX alone, respectively (both p \u3c 0.05), which was better than that of co- treatment. Western blot also demonstrated that pre-treatment upregulated both antioxidant enzymes. CONCLUSION: The findings presented in this study suggested that MitoQ works as an antioxidant against DOX. Pre-treatment showed significantly better cardioprotection than co- treatment due to its more potent antioxidant effects and improved ability toward reducing intracellular DOX accumulation

It\u27s Not a Myth

https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/feminist_zines/1042/thumbnail.jp

STEM Opportunities - High School 2019

This publication details the lesson plan for the “Opportunities in STEM” club for the summer of 2019. This club began out of a desire to educate high school students about the opportunities and careers available in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics fields. Often, students feel that the prospect of entering a STEM field is daunting and out of their grasp. What it means to be a scientist is often unclear, and students never consider opportunities out of the fear of the unknown, particularly when science is associated with complexity and difficulty. This lesson plan integrates experiments with a wealth of information regarding careers in STEM and STEM principles. The end goal was to foster a love for science in students, inspire them to pursue careers in STEM, and teach students through engaging experiences. Each experiment is paired with a short lecture. While we wanted to expand students knowledge of STEM fields, the focus of this club was always meant to be on actual experiments. After school, high school students are not keen to sit down and be lectured at more, nor are lectures immensely enjoyable. Thus, our experience-centered lesson plan maximizes the enjoyment and education of high school students in an after-school club environment

Toward Culturally Competent Archival (Re)Description of Marginalized Histories

Influenced by the radical archives movement, panelists discuss their (re)processing projects for which they wrote or rewrote descriptions in culturally competent approaches. Their case studies include materials regarding underrepresented peoples and historically oppressed groups who are marginalized from or maligned in the archival record. Targeted to processors, this session aims to teach participants to apply their cultural competencies in writing finding aids through an introduction to cultural competency framework, the case study examples, and a short audience-participation exercise

Biodiversity condition assessment for grazing lands

Using the ABCD Framework as a aurrogate for biodiversity condition

Below the Waterline: Developing a Transformational Learning Collaborative for Foundation Program Officers

Learning from fellow grantmakers is imperative in today’s ever-changing world. In late 2016, four health legacy foundations partnered to launch the Health Legacy Collaborative Learning Circle, creating an opportunity to understand not just the participating foundations’ visible investments and programs, but also the underlying behaviors, structures, and mindsets that ultimately explain why certain results were or were not achieved. This article describes the yearlong process of creating the collaborative, and presents a new learning framework — based on the iceberg metaphor — that can be used to create learning environments that test and expand assumptions about promising approaches to common population health challenges, explore organizational best practices related to programming and operations, and understand the roles and impacts peer health legacy foundations have in their communities. For the learning circle participants, the process provided a new and valuable problem-solving tool that allows their organizations to have a more profound impact on the communities they serve. This article concludes with recommendations for how other foundations can create similar transformational learning journeys with their fellow grantmakers

Patrones de transporte de sedimentos en Playa La Martina durante la época húmeda

RESUMEN : La zona costera de playa La Martina, es un lugar donde se ha visto la necesidad de realizar estudios oceanográficos y costeros, debido a la poca información sobre su hidrodinámica y por los contantes reclamos de la comunidad a causa de la erosión que allí se presenta. En este sentido se inició con la toma de una serie de datos en el tiempo, comenzando con la época húmeda del año 2018, las variables tenidas en cuenta en el presente trabajo fueron corrientes superficiales mediante derivadores lagrangianos, transporte de sedimentos en suspensión mediante trampas de sedimento en la zona de surf y cambio en la línea de costa analizado cualitativamente a partir de fotografías áreas obtenidas a través de vuelos de drones. Las mediciones se realizaron al menos 2 veces durante la época húmeda mostrando como es mayor la velocidad y la trayectoria de las corrientes hacia el sur, con velocidades máximas de hasta 27,5 cm/s y con trayectorias de hasta 1006 m en 2 horas, también se observó que la dirección predominante de las corrientes es hacia el sur, en donde se presentan también las máximas velocidades pero con una menor retención de sedimentos comparados con una cantidad considerable de captación de sedimentos en la sección centro de playa La Martina, indicando una mayor dinámica en la parte sur, lo cual coincide con las observaciones hechas a partir de las fotografías aéreas realizadas en inicios y finales de la época húmeda. Por otro lado, se caracterizó el material transportado en suspensión, siendo este constituido principalmente por arenas muy finas, con un pequeño porcentaje de arenas medias.ABSTRACT : The coastal zone of playa La Martina, is a place where the need for oceanographic and coastal studies has been seen, due to the little information about its hydrodynamics and the constant claims of the community because of the erosion that occurs there. In this sense it began with the taking of a series of data in time, beginning with the wet season of 2018, the variables taken into account in the present work were surface currents measured by lagrangian drifters, transport of sediments in suspension measured by traps of sediment in the surf zone and coastline change analyzed qualitatively by photographs areas obtained through drone flights.Measurements were made at least 2 times during the wet season showing how the speed and trajectory of the currents are greater to the south, with maximum speeds of up to 27.5 cm/s and with trajectories of up to 1006 m in 2 hours, it was also observed that the predominant direction of the currents is towards the south, where the maximum speeds are also presented but with lower sediment retention compared to a considerable amount of sediment uptake in the center section of playa La Martina, indicating a greater dynamics in the southern part, which coincides with the observations made from the aerial photographies taked at the beginning and end of the wet season. On the other hand, the material transported in suspension was characterized, being this mainly constituted by very fine sands, with a small percentage of medium sands

Standards for Specialized Nutrition Support: Home Care Patients

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141435/1/ncp0579.pd

It’s Hard, but I Can Do It: How an Independent Engineering Fair Project Can Affect Student Perceptions Of Science

Incorporating authentic engineering practices into educative experiences in elementary school has the potential to positively impact student consideration of STEM careers and increase student self-efficacy in later engineering study. Additionally, as students move from primary to secondary grades, their interest in STEM topics tends to decline. To that end, teachers and researchers at Chaparral Elementary facilitated an independent engineering fair project to engage students in authentic practices of engineering to solve a self-identified problem with a designed or improved solution. We investigated how students’ perceptions of science and engineering were affected by their engagement in the practices of engineering through a two-week long independent engineering fair project. Data sources for the study include student surveys, researcher qualitative memos, informal student interviews, and student presentations. Our findings indicate that as students engaged with their independent engineering projects, their understanding of science as a tool for explaining the natural world improved and their perceptions of science and engineering and themselves as scientists and engineers was positively impacted.Open Access fees paid for in whole or in part by the University of Oklahoma Libraries.Ye