722 research outputs found
Variational QMC study of a Hydrogen atom in jellium with comparison to LSDA and LSDA-SIC solutions
A Hydrogen atom immersed in a finite jellium sphere is solved using
variational quantum Monte Carlo (VQMC). The same system is also solved using
density functional theory (DFT), in both the local spin density (LSDA) and
self-interaction correction (SIC) approximations. The immersion energies
calculated using these methods, as functions of the background density of the
jellium, are found to lie within 1eV of each other with minima in approximately
the same positions. The DFT results show overbinding relative to the VQMC
result. The immersion energies also suggest an improved performance of the SIC
over the LSDA relative to the VQMC results. The atom-induced density is also
calculated and shows a difference between the methods, with a more extended
Friedel oscillation in the case of the VQMC result.Comment: 16 pages, 9 Postscript figure
Superconducing Alloys with Weak and Strong Scattering: Anderson's Theorem and a Superconductor-Insulator Transition
We have studied the effects of strong impurity scattering on disordered
superconductors beyond the low impurity concentration limit. By applying the
full CPA to a superconductiong A-B binary alloy, we calculated the fluctuations
of the local order parameters and charge densities,
for weak and strong on site disorder. We find that for narrow
band alloy s-wav e superconductors the conditions for Anderson's theorem are
satisfied in general only for the case of particle-hole symmetry. In this case
it is satisfied regardless whether we are in the weak or strong scattering
regimes. Interestingly, we find that strong scattering leads to band splitting
and in this regime for any band filling we have a critical concentration where
a superconductor-insulator quantum phase transition occurs at T=0.Comment: 28 pages, 13 figure
Induction of non-d-wave order-parameter components by currents in d-wave superconductors
It is shown, within the framework of the Ginzburg-Landau theory for a
superconductor with d_{x^2-y^2} symmetry, that the passing of a supercurrent
through the sample results, in general, in the induction of order-parameter
components of distinct symmetry. The induction of s-wave and
d_{xy(x^2-y^2)-wave components are considered in detail. It is shown that in
both cases the order parameter remains gapless; however, the structure of the
lines of nodes and the lobes of the order parameter are modified in distinct
ways, and the magnitudes of these modifications differ in their dependence on
the (a-b plane) current direction. The magnitude of the induced s-wave
component is estimated using the results of the calculations of Ren et al.
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 3680 (1995)], which are based on a microscopic approach.Comment: 15 pages, includes 2 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev.
Interlayer Coupling and p-wave Pairing in Strontium Ruthenate
On the basis of a three orbital model and an effective attractive interaction
between electrons we investigate the possible superconducting states, with
and -wave internal symmetry, of SrRuO. For an orbital dependent
interaction which acts between in plane and out of plane nearest neighbour
Ruthenium atoms we find a state for which the gap in the quasi-particle spectra
has a line node on the and sheets of the Fermi Surface, but
it is complex with no nodes on the -sheet. We show that this state is
consistent with all the available experimental data. In particular, we present
the results of our calculations of the specific heat and penetration depth as
functions of the temperature.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
Higher anisotropic d-wave symmetry in cuprate superconductors
We derive a pair potential from tight binding further neighbours attraction
that leads to superconducting gap symmetry similar to that of the
phenomenological spin fluctuation theory of high temperature superconductors
(Monthoux, Balatsky, Pines, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 67}, 3448). We show that
higher anisotropic d-wave than the simpliest d-wave symmetry is one of the
important ingredients responsible for higher BCS characteristic ratio.Comment: Latex 5 pages, 3 figures attached, Journal Ref. : Journal of Physics
C, Vol. 11, issue 30, L371-L377 (1999
Dependence of the critical temperature on the Higgs field reparametrization
We show that, despite of the reparametrization symmetry of the Lagrangian
describing the interaction between a scalar field and gauge vector bosons, the
dynamics of the Higgs mechanism is really affected by the representation gauge
chosen for the Higgs field. Actually, we find that, varying the parametrization
for the two degrees of freedom of the complex scalar field, we obtain different
expressions for the Higgs mass: in its turn this entails different expressions
for the critical temperatures, ranging from zero to a maximum value, as well as
different expressions for other basic thermodynamical quantities.Comment: revtex, 12 pages, 2 eps figure
Research and education in management of large-scale technical programs
A research effort is reported which was conducted by NASA in conjunction with Drexel University, and which was aimed at an improved understanding of large scale systems technology and management
Superconducting gap node spectroscopy using nonlinear electrodynamics
We present a method to determine the nodal structure of the energy gap of
unconventional superconductors such as high materials. We show how
nonlinear electrodynamics phenomena in the Meissner regime, arising from the
presence of lines on the Fermi surface where the superconducting energy gap is
very small or zero, can be used to perform ``node spectroscopy'', that is, as a
sensitive bulk probe to locate the angular position of those lines. In
calculating the nonlinear supercurrent response, we include the effects of
orthorhombic distortion and plane anisotropy. Analytic results presented
demonstrate a systematic way to experimentally distinguish order parameters of
different symmetries, including cases with mixed symmetry (for example,
and ). We consider, as suggested by various experiments, order parameters
with predominantly -wave character, and describe how to determine the
possible presence of other symmetries. The nonlinear magnetic moment displays a
distinct behavior if nodes in the gap are absent but regions with small,
finite, values of the energy gap exist.Comment: 18 pages, Revtex, 9 postscript figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev
BCS to Bose Crossover in Anisotropic Superconductors
In this work we use functional integral techniques to examine the nearest
neighbour attractive Hubbard model on a quasi-2D lattice. It is a simple
phenomenological model for the high-Tc cuprates that allows both extended
(non-local) s- and d-wave singlet superconductivity as well as mixed symmetry
states. The Hartree-Gor'kov mean field theory of the model has a finite
temperature phase diagram which shows a transition from pure s-wave to pure
d-wave superconductivity, via a mixed symmetry s+id state, as a function of
doping. Including Gaussian fluctuations we examine the crossover from
weak-coupling BCS superconductivity to the strong-coupling Bose-Einstein
condensation of composite s- or d-wave bosons and comment on the origin and
symmetry of the pseudogap.Comment: 20 pages inc. 13 figure
Self-consistent interface properties of d and s-wave superconductors
We develop a method to solve the Bogoliubov de Gennes equation for
superconductors self-consistently, using the recursion method. The method
allows the pairing interaction to be either local or non-local corresponding to
s and d-wave superconductivity, respectively. Using this method we examine the
properties of various S-N and S-S interfaces. In particular we calculate the
spatially varying density of states and order parameter for the following
geometries (i) s-wave superconductor to normal metal, (ii) d-wave
superconductor to normal metal, (iii) d-wave superconductor to s-wave
superconductor. We show that the density of states at the interface has a
complex structure including the effects of normal surface Friedel oscillations,
the spatially varying gap and Andeev states within the gap, and the subtle
effects associated with the interplay of the gap and the normal van Hove peaks
in the density of states. In the case of bulk d-wave superconductors the
surface leads to mixing of different order parameter symmetries near the
interface and substantial local filling in of the gap.Comment: 20 pages, Latex and 8 figure
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