109 research outputs found
Terahertz Faraday rotation in a magnetic liquid: High magneto-optical figure of merit and broadband operation in a ferrofluid
We report on the demonstration of a high figure of merit (FOM) Faraday rotation in a liquid in the terahertz (THz) regime. Using a ferrofluid, a high broadband rotation (11 mrad/mm) is experimentally demonstrated in the frequency range of 0.2â0.9 THz at room temperature. Given the low absorption of the liquid, a high magneto-optical figure of merit (5-16ârad.cm/T) is obtained
Unsaturated lipid bodies as a hallmark of inflammation studied by Raman 2D and 3D microscopy
Endothelial HMEC-1 cells incubated with pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α for 6 and 24âhours were studied as a model of inflammation using Raman imaging. Striking changes in distribution, composition and concentration of cellular lipids were observed after exposure to TNF-α compared to the control. In particular, 3D Raman imaging revealed a significant increase in the amount of lipid entities formed under inflammation. Lipid bodies were randomly distributed in the cytoplasm and two types of droplets were assembled: more saturated one, in spectral characteristics resembling phosphatidylcholine and saturated cholesteryl esters, observed also in the control, and highly unsaturated one, containing also cholesterols, being a hallmark of inflamed cells. The statistical analysis showed that the number of lipid bodies was significantly dependent on the exposure time to TNF-α. Overall, observed formation of unsaturated lipid droplets can be directly correlated with the increase in production of prostacyclins - endogenous inflammation mediators
Characteristic Upregulation of Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 in an Early Lesion Negative for Hitherto Established Cytochemical Markers in Rat Hepatocarcinogenesis
Previously, we reported α2-macroglobulin (α2M) to be a
novel marker characteristic of rat hepatocellular preneoplastic and neoplastic
lesions negative for hitherto well-established markers. In the present study, we
further examined other candidate markers with specificity for the same type of
lesions. Glutathione S-transferase-placental form
(GST-P)-negative hepatocellular altered foci (HAF) were generated using a
two-stage (initiation and promotion) carcinogenesis protocol with
N,N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and either Wy-14,643 or clofibrate, two peroxisome
proliferators. Microarray analysis using total RNAs isolated from
laser-microdissected GST-P-negative HAF (amphophilic cell foci) and adjacent
normal tissues was conducted along with immunohistochemistry and real-time
RT-PCR. Staining for glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) was detected in
GST-P-negative HAF and hepatocellular adenomas, and slightly increased GRP78
mRNA expression was observed in the lesions by real-time RT-PCR analysis. Thus,
an early increase of GRP78 expression in hepatocarcinogenesis is likely a
feature of the amphophilic subset of HAF
Ethanol Does Not Promote MeIQx-initiated Rat Colon Carcinogenesis Based on Evidence from Analysis of a Colon Cancer Surrogate Marker
Epidemiological studies suggest that alcohol consumption increases the risk of developing colorectal cancer. However, the data are confounded by numerous cosegregating variables. To cast further light on the relationships between alcohol intake and colon cancer development, 21-day-old male F344/DuCrj rats were fed 200 ppm 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) in their diet for 8 weeks and doses of 0, 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, 10 and 20% of ethanol in their drinking water ad libitum for 16 weeks thereafter. The rats were sacrificed after 24 weeks of experiment, and aberrant crypt foci (ACF), surrogate lesions for colon cancer, were examined under a light microscope at low magnification. Ethanol was found not to affect the ACF formation at any dose compared with the initiated-controls. Furthermore, ethanol did not alter colon epithelial cell proliferation. These data, obtained by analysis of a colon cancer surrogate marker lesion, indicate that ethanol lacks promotion activity for MeIQx-initiated rat colon carcinogenesis
Composite THz materials using aligned metallic and semiconductor microwires, experiments and interpretation
We report fabrication method and THz characterization of composite films
containing either aligned metallic (tin alloy) microwires or chalcogenide
As2Se3 microwires. The microwire arrays are made by stack-and-draw fiber
fabrication technique using multi-step co-drawing of low-melting-temperature
metals or semiconductor glasses together with polymers. Fibers are then stacked
together and pressed into composite films. Transmission through metamaterial
films is studied in the whole THz range (0.1-20 THz) using a combination of
FTIR and TDS. Metal containing metamaterials are found to have strong
polarizing properties, while semiconductor containing materials are
polarization independent and could have a designable high refractive index.
Using the transfer matrix theory, we show how to retrieve the complex
polarization dependent refractive index of the composite films. We then detail
the selfconsistent algorithm for retrieving the optical properties of the metal
alloy used in the fabrication of the metamaterial layers by using an effective
medium approximation. Finally, we study challenges in fabrication of
metamaterials with sub-micrometer metallic wires by repeated stack-and-draw
process by comparing samples made using 2, 3 and 4 consecutive drawings. When
using metallic alloys we observe phase separation effects and nano-grids
formation on small metallic wires
The Howl - Fall 2016
The Howl is a magazine that is planned, researched, written, photographed and designed by Otterbein University\u27s ESL and international students. The magazine serves to give them a safe space in which to use their voice to share their cultures, experiences and lives. If you are interested in submitting to The Howl, please email your writing or photography to [email protected]://digitalcommons.otterbein.edu/the_howl/1001/thumbnail.jp
In silico analysis of candidate genes associated with humoral innate immune response in chicken
Subaru high-resolution spectroscopy of Star G in the Tycho supernova remnant
It is widely believed that Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) originate in binary
systems where a white dwarf accretes material from a companion star until its
mass approaches the Chandrasekhar mass and carbon is ignited in the white
dwarf's core. This scenario predicts that the donor star should survive the
supernova explosion, providing an opportunity to understand the progenitors of
Type Ia supernovae.In this paper we argue that rotation is a generic signature
expected of most non-giant donor stars that is easily measurable.
\citep{2004Natur.431.1069R} examined stars in the center of the remnant of SN
1572 (Tycho's SN) and showed evidence that a subgiant star (Star G by their
naming convention) near the remnant's centre was the system's donor star. We
present high-resolution (R \simeq 40000) spectra taken with the High Dispersion
Spectrograph on Subaru of this candidate donor star and measure the star's
radial velocity as \kms with respect to the LSR and put an upper
limit on the star's rotation of 7.5 \kms. In addition, by comparing images that
were taken in 1970 and 2004, we measure the proper motion of Star G to be
\masyr and \masyr. We demonstrate
that all of the measured properties of Star G presented in this paper are
consistent with those of a star in the direction of Tycho's SN that is not
associated with the supernova event. However, we discuss an unlikely, but still
viable scenario for Star G to be the donor star, and suggest further
observations that might be able to confirm or refute it.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap
The Ganymede Laser Altimeter (GALA) for the Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE): Mission, science, and instrumentation of its receiver modules
The Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE) is a science mission led by the European Space Agency, being developed for launch in 2023. The Ganymede Laser Altimeter (GALA) is an instrument onboard JUICE, whose main scientific goals are to understand ice tectonics based on topographic data, the subsurface structure by measuring tidal response, and small-scale roughness and albedo of the surface. In addition, from the perspective of astrobiology, it is imperative to study the subsurface ocean scientifically. The development of GALA has proceeded through an international collaboration between Germany (the lead), Japan, Switzerland, and Spain. Within this framework, the Japanese team (GALA-J) is responsible for developing three receiver modules: the Backend Optics (BEO), the Focal Plane Assembly (FPA), and the Analog Electronics Module (AEM). Like the German team, GALA-J also developed software to simulate the performance of the entire GALA system (performance model). In July 2020, the Proto-Flight Models of BEO, FPA, and AEM were delivered from Japan to Germany. This paper presents an overview of JUICE/GALA and its scientific objectives and describes the instrumentation, mainly focusing on Japanâs contribution
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