Ideals and principles of common wellbeing under social and humanistic paradigm

We attempt to specify ideals and principles of common wellbeing: saving economy, political attendance, full employment, education, equitable distribution. As a part of the study we have formulated the concept of so-called "other" society under the social-humanistic paradigm. As it was mentioned earlier, social systems can be described as open-end ones, which implies their constant interaction with environment expressed via matter, energy, and information exchange. Because of that, the functional and developmental regulations are characterized by the presence of constant alteration as well, which stipulates the high complexity of structuring valid prognoses. Subject vs. object feedback determines special peculiarities of social prognosis, namely, the ones that are capable of either self-fulfillment of self-destruction of prognostic model. In other words, the predicted future influences the actual future. In the conditions of the increasing instability and dynamics of social processes especially urgent is the problem of adequacy of innovative model. The specific feature of modern innovative processes is the fact that any information about the features of their occurrence is extremely fast becoming obsolete that, in turn, leads to the increase the gap between reality and model

Adaptation problems experienced by international students in aspect of quality management

Regulation and problems of adaptation are considered in research in aspect of high-quality management. The object of research is foreign students. Adaptation challenges a person's sense of well-being. Research defines satisfaction as a global assessment of quality of human life. This assessment is based on criteria of the person. systems; in these conditions the development of effective mechanisms of adaptation in the unstable external environment is possible on the assumption of use of co-evolutionary - innovative processes. The recommendations about the creation on the basis of these processes of effective mechanisms of adaptation of social systems to instability conditions are developed. On the basis of a systematic approach in the article explores innovative models of behavior as a way of effective adaptation of social systems in an unstable environment, based on the principle of co-evolutionary innovation. It is shown that the modern period is characterized by the growth of the dynamics and complexity of the interaction of social systems; in these conditions, the development of effective adaptation mechanisms in an unstable environment can be provided the use of evolutionary processes and innovation. To evaluate the potential use of evolutionary processes and innovation to create effective mechanisms for the adaptation of social systems in an unstable environment

A сomparative analysis of classical and postmodern views on the idea of a university

Background: The crisis that the modern university is experiencing today, is conditioned by the crisis of its idea as of a classical essence. The idea of university was formulated by W. von Humboldt, however, its history starts with the Greek-Roman era when the ancient philosophy in its cognitive attitude to the world saw its truth, leaning on intelligence that brought it to the harmony of beauty and good. In this quality, the idea of university was changing the university history. However, today, by rejecting any natural unity and integrity and also reconsidering classics, the postmodern views diversify the classical university and eliminate the possibility of its common form. Questions arise: can the common idea for the university be preserved in these conditions? Will it be preserved (and should it be preserved) by the postmodern culture? Is it possible today to have the unity of the university as a classical social and educational institution? Do modern university models (entrepreneurial, corporate, research, etc.) have their own idea

Humanitarian meaning of university professional education

In the 20th century, the university faced a principally new type of cultural development and there was a necessity of transformation to get adapted to new conditions. Change of cultural epochs lead to a change in criteria and principles conditioning the university education system. Largely it affected “externally invisible and inaudible” factor, “the fluid of spiritual life” of the university, “human immaterial sub-basis” of its existence (Jaspers, 2006) - its humanitarian meaning. This can nowadays indicate that existence of the university is challenged

КОНТРОЛЬ КОРРЕКТНОСТИ ВАРИАЦИЙ ПАРАМЕТРОВ УДЕРЖИВАНИЯ В ОБРАЩЕННО-ФАЗОВОЙ ВЭЖХ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ РЕКУРРЕНТНЫХ СООТНОШЕНИЙ

Recurrent approximation of analytes’ net retention times (tR) in reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP HPLC) at different contents of organic constitu­ent in the eluent (C) is recommended as a method of revealing the reversible hydrate for­ma­tion. The criterion of that are the deviations of the dependences tR(С + DС)  =  atR(С) + b (*) from linearity, where DС is the constant increment of concentration variations; in our case DС = 5%. However, such deviations are rather small and, hence their measuring requires high robustness of the equipment involved. Besides hydrate formation, there are additional reasons for deviations, namely discrepancies between the real and the selected flows of the eluent. Compa­ring tR values obtained for the same analytes using the same chromatogra­phic column at the same conditions, but with different HPLC instruments using the systems methanol – water as the eluent confirms that tR values of one data set are equal only to approx. 76-98% tR values of another data set. Therefore, the eluent flow in the second case exceeds that in the first regime at the same pro­por­tion. The simple method for revealing such flow deviations is proposed. It is based on the recurrent approximation of tR = f(C) data sets for any compounds forming no hydrates in RP HPLC conditions (chlorobenzene was selected). The absence of the influ­en­ce of any distorted factors is confirmed with values of correlation coefficients for re­cur­rent depen­dencies (*) exceeding 0.999.Keywords:  High performance liquid chromatography, eluent flow controlling, recurrent relations, test-compound (chlorobenzene). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2021.25.2.005 Igor G. Zenkevich, Abdennour Derouiche, Darja A. Nikitina, Tatiana A. Kornilova, Anna A. Khakulova  St. Petersburg State University, Institute for Chemistry, Universitetskii prosp., 26,St. Petersburg 198504, Russian FederationРекуррентная аппроксимация абсолютных времен удерживания аналитов (tR) в обращен­но-фазовой высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии (ОФ ВЭЖХ) при раз­ных содержаниях органического компонента в составе элюента (C) рекоме­н­до­­вана как способ выявления обратимого образования гидратов. Критерием их об­разования являются от­клонения зависимостей tR(С + DС)  =  atR(С) + b (*) от линей­но­сти (DС – по­стоянный «шаг» вариаций концентраций; в нашем случае вы­брано DС = 5 % объем.). Од­­нако такие отклонения достаточно невелики и поэтому их из­мерение предъяв­ля­ет особые требования к надежности используе­мо­го оборудо­вания. Кроме того, их причиной могут быть и другие факторы, напри­мер, сложно контролируе­мое несоответствие реальных расходов элюента их задан­ным значени­ям. Сравне­ние значений tR, полученных для одних и тех же аналитов с применением одной и той же колонки в одинаковых условиях, но на разных при­борах, с использованием системы метанол – вода в качестве элюента подт­ве­р­дило, что один на­бор значений составляет 76-98 % от величин, из­ме­­рен­ных на другом при­бо­ре. Следовательно, расходы элюента во втором случае в такой же про­­порции мень­ше, чем в первом. Предложен простой способ выявления подобных отклонений по результатам рекур­рен­т­ной аппроксимации наборов значений  tR = f(C) любых соединений, не образую­щих гидратов в условиях ОФ ВЭЖХ (в нашем случае выбран хлорбензол). Значения ко­эф­фициентов корреляции (R) рекуррентных зависимостей (*) превыша­ю­щие 0.999 указывают на отсутствие влияния любых искажающих факторов.Ключевые слова:  Высокоэффективная жидкостная хроматография, контроль по­то­ка элюента, рекуррентные соотношения, тест-соединение (хлорбензол).DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2021.25.2.00

Synthesis, X-ray characterization and theoretical study of 3 a ,6:7,9 a-diepoxybenzo [de] isoquinoline derivatives: on the importance of F⋯O interactions

The synthesis, X-ray characterization and Hirshfeld surface analysis of a series of tetrahydrodiepoxybenzo[de]isoquinoline derivatives obtained by the tandem [4+2] cycloaddition between perfluorobut-2-yne dienophile (F3C–C≡C–CF3) and a row of N,N-bis(furan-2-ylmethyl)-4-Rbenzenesulfonamides (bis-dienes, R = Me, F, Cl, Br, I) are reported in this manuscript. The implementation of kinetic/thermodynamic control allowed to obtain both “pincer”- and “domino”-types adducts in good/moderate yields. In the solid state, most of the pincer adducts form self-assembled dimers (R = Me, Cl, Br, I) and, contrariwise, the domino adducts form 1D supramolecular chains, which are described in detail herein. Remarkably, in the self-assembled dimers, bifurcated halogen bonds involving one fluorine atom of the CF3 group and both O-atoms of sulfonamide are formed, which have been analyzed using DFT calculations, QTAIM and NCIplot computational tools.Fil: Grudova, Mariya V.. Peoples’ Friendship University; RusiaFil: Gil, Diego Mauricio. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Orgánica; ArgentinaFil: Khrustalev, Victor N.. Peoples’ Friendship University; Rusia. Institute of Organic Chemistry ND. Zelinsky; RusiaFil: Nikitina, Eugeniya V.. Peoples’ Friendship University; RusiaFil: Sinelshchikova, Anna A.. Academy of Sciences. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry; RusiaFil: Grigoriev, Mikhail S.. Academy of Sciences. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry; RusiaFil: Kletskov, Alexey V.. Peoples’ Friendship University; RusiaFil: Frontera, Antonio. Universidad de las Islas Baleares; EspañaFil: Zubkov, Fedor I.. Peoples’ Friendship University; Rusi

Specific Cerebrovascular Risk Factors, Colon Microbiocenosis and its Correction in Patients Receiving Long-Term Programmed Hemodialysis

Introduction: The problem of acute and chronic cerebrovascular disorders in dialysis patients remains the most urgent. Risk factors for cerebrovascular diseases in CKD and dialysis patients can be conditionally divided into “traditional” (arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia) and “specific” (associated with renal pathology and dialysis procedures). The spectrum of specific factors of cerebrovascular risk in patients with dialysis stage of the CKD includes specific dialysis factors that form during programmed HD, as well as impaired phosphorus-calcium metabolism and calcification of the arterial microvasculature, increased blood levels of β2-microglobulin, homocysteine, malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase, a decrease in the level of nitric oxide (II) metabolites, development of nephrogenic anemia and dysfunction of blood cells, malnutrition and dietary features of patients with renal pathology, accumulation of uremic toxins and toxins of intestinal bacteria, etc. Opportunistic gut microorganisms can produce uremic toxins, which are associated with an increased risk of inflammation, increased oxidative stress, and a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Description of the spectrum of risk factors for cerebrovascular pathology in dialysis patients and effective control over them seems to be an effective strategy aimed at increasing the duration and quality of life in patients receiving renal replacement therapy. The aim of the investigation was to study the species composition of colon microbiocenosis in patients with CKD receiving programmed HD treatment and to evaluate the effectiveness of its correction using a new immobilized synbiotic. Materials and methods: Samples of colon microbiota from 62 patients undergoing programmed hemodialysis were studied before and after a course of diet therapy that included probiotic components, in particular, the immobilized synbiotic LB-complex L. Isolation of microorganisms was carried out according to our original method; for bacteria identification, a MALDI-TOF Autoflex speed mass spectrometer (Bruker Daltonik, Germany) was used in the Biotyper program mode. The results were assessed using the criteria proposed by the authors and based on the OST 91500.11.0004-2003. The efficacy of the immobilized synbiotic was determined based on the clinical data, questionnaires, and bacteriological tests. Results: In patients receiving programmed hemodialysis (before the start of the diet therapy), chronic moderate inflammation and azotemia were found. Dysbiotic changes in microbiocenosis were revealed in all the examined patients; in the absence or suppression of lacto- and bifidoflora, the number and diversity of Bacteroides spp., Clostridium spp., Collinsella spp., Eggerthella spp. and other bacteria increased, which was consistent with the theory of functional redundancy of gut microbiota. From the answers to the questionnaires, a decrease in the quality of life was found (up to 70 points out of 100) according to six of the eight scales used. After the combined therapy using the synbiotic LB-complex L in the study group, 56% of the examined patients showed their microbiocenosis restored to normal; no grade III dysbiosis was detected in any patient. There was a significant decrease in CRP and ESR in these patients and an improvement in the quality of life by criteria reflecting physical health. Conclusion: Acute/chronic CVD in patients with CKD of the pre-dialysis and dialysis periods are the most frequent and formidable complications. The spectrum of “traditional” and “specific” CV risk factors in dialysis patients will be described in the chapter. Special attention will be paid to the intestinal microbiota and opportunistic intestinal microorganisms. The aim was to study the species composition of colon microbiocenosis in HD patients, and to evaluate the effectiveness of its correction using a new immobilized synbiotic. Materials and Methods. Samples of colon microbiota from 62 HD patients were studied before/after a course of diet therapy that included probiotic components, the immobilized synbiotic LB-complex L. MALDI-TOF Autoflex speed mass spectrometer was used in the Biotyper program mode. The efficacy of the immobilized synbiotic was determined based on the clinical data, questionnaires, and bacteriological tests. Results. Dysbiotic changes in microbiocenosis were revealed in all patients; in the absence/suppression of lacto-and bifidoflora, the number and diversity of Bacteroides spp.,Clostridium spp.,Collinsella spp.,Eggerthella spp. and other bacteria increased. After the combined therapy using the synbiotic LB-complex L in the study group, 56% of the examined patients showed their microbiocenosis restored to normal; no grade III dysbiosis was detected in any patient

Layered nanomaterials for renewable energy generation and storage

This study focuses on potential applications of two-dimensional (2D) materials in renewable energy research.</jats:p

LINE-1 retrotransposon methylation in chorionic villi of first trimester miscarriages with aneuploidy

Purpose High frequency of aneuploidy in meiosis and cleavage stage coincides with waves of epigenetic genome reprogramming that may indicate a possible association between epigenetic mechanisms and aneuploidy occurrence. This study aimed to assess the methylation level of the long interspersed repeat element 1 (LINE-1) retrotransposon in chorionic villi of first trimester miscarriages with a normal karyotype and aneuploidy. Methods The methylation level was assessed at 19 LINE-1 promoter CpG sites in chorionic villi of 141 miscarriages with trisomy of chromosomes 2, 6, 8-10, 13-15, 16, 18, 20-22, and monosomy X using massive parallel sequencing. Results The LINE-1 methylation level was elevated statistically significant in chorionic villi of miscarriages with both trisomy (45.2 +/- 4.3%) and monosomy X (46.9 +/- 4.2%) compared with that in induced abortions (40.0 +/- 2.4%) (p < 0.00001). The LINE-1 methylation levels were specific for miscarriages with different aneuploidies and significantly increased in miscarriages with trisomies 8, 14, and 18 and monosomy X (p < 0.05). The LINE-1 methylation level increased with gestational age both for group of miscarriages regardless of karyotype (R = 0.21, p = 0.012) and specifically for miscarriages with trisomy 16 (R = 0.48, p = 0.007). LINE-1 methylation decreased with maternal age in miscarriages with a normal karyotype (R = - 0.31, p = 0.029) and with trisomy 21 (R = - 0.64, p = 0.024) and increased with paternal age for miscarriages with trisomy 16 (R = 0.38, p = 0.048) and monosomy X (R = 0.73, p = 0.003). Conclusion Our results indicate that the pathogenic effects of aneuploidy in human embryogenesis can be supplemented with significant epigenetic changes in the repetitive sequences