Preventing Suicide in Colorado: Progress Achieved & Goals for the Future

This 2009 report, issued jointly by Mental Health America of Colorado and The Colorado Trust, updates both the state's 1998 Suicide Prevention and Intervention Plan to address Colorado's historically high suicide rate, as well as The Trust's 2002 report Suicide in Colorado, which documented the problem of suicide across the state and identified suicide-prevention resources. This report details key facts and figures about the suicide rate in Colorado, many of the prevention achievements in the past 10 years, and recommendations to strengthen suicide prevention and awareness efforts into the future

Demineralized Dentin Material Sponge as a Guided Bone Regeneration

Reconstruction of craniofacial bone defects due to trauma, infection or tumor resection is a major problem faced by professions in dentistry, oral and maxillofacial surgery, orthopedic surgery, oncology and neurosurgery. One of the treatments that can be done for cases of bone defects is using Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR). The objective of this study is to present an evaluation of literature regarding the rule of Deminalized Dentin Matrix Sponge (DDMS) as GBR. GBR procedure uses a membrane that acts as a physical barrier to invasion of connective cells and epithelial cells from the surrounding soft tissue, which also produces osteogenic cells, showing a slower migration rate, thus creating a situation conducive to bone regeneration. Deminalized Dentin Matrix (DDM) affects the release of growth factors in the type I collagen matrix which is usually involved in bone mineralization. This makes DDM more inductive than mineralized dentin. DDMS as a biomaterial has the potential for bone tissue engineering in terms of biophysics and biocompability, and has the potential to be used as Guided Bone Regeneration in bone tissue regeneration

Potential of FX06 to prevent disease progression in hospitalized non-intubated COVID-19 patients — the randomized, EU-wide, placebo-controlled, phase II study design of IXION

Background: More than 2.7 million hospitalizations of COVID-19-infected patients have occurred in Europe alone since the outbreak of the coronavirus in 2020. Interventions against SARS-CoV-2 are still in high need to prevent admissions to ICUs worldwide. FX06, a naturally occurring peptide in humans and other mammals, has the potential to reduce capillary leak by improving endothelial dysfunction and thus preventing the deterioration of patients. With IXION, we want to investigate the potential of FX06 to prevent disease progression in hospitalized, non-intubated COVID-19 patients. Methods: IXION is an EU-wide, multicentre, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, parallel, randomized (2:1) phase II clinical study. Patient recruitment will start in September 2022 (to Q2/2023) in Germany, Italy, Lithuania, Spain, Romania, Portugal, and France. A total of 306 hospitalized patients (>= 18 years and < 75 years) with a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test and a COVID-19 severity of 4-6 according to the WHO scale will be enrolled. After randomization to FX06 or placebo, patients will be assessed until day 28 (and followed up until day 60). FX06 (2 x 200 mg per day) or placebo will be administered intravenously for 5 consecutive days. The primary endpoint is to demonstrate a difference in the proportion of patients with progressed/worsened disease state in patients receiving FX06 compared to patients receiving placebo. Secondary endpoints are lung function, oxygen saturation and breathing rate, systemic inflammation, survival, capillary refill time, duration of hospital stay, and drug accountability. Discussion: With IXION, the multidisciplinary consortium aims to deliver a new therapy in addition to standard care against SARS-CoV-2 for the clinical management of COVID-19 during mild and moderate stages. Potential limitations might refer to a lack of recruiting and drop-out due to various possible protocol violations. While we controlled for drop-outs in the same size estimation, recruitment problems may be subject to external problems difficult to control for

Determination of protein catabolic rate in patients on chronic intermittent hemodialysis: Urea output measurements compared with dietary protein intake and with calculation of urea generation rate

We assessed the agreement between different methods of determining protein catabolic rate (PCR) in hemodialysis patients and the possible influence of postdialysis urea rebound and the length of the interdialytic interval on the PCR determination. Protein catabolic rate derived from measured total urea output was compared with recorded daily protein intake (DPI) and calculated urea generation rate (G), calculated by the interdialytic increase in serum urea and an estimated urea distribution volume using either the Watson equation or 58% of postdialysis body weight, and by single-pool urea kinetic modelling. In 16 patients PCR derived from calculated G by fixed urea distribution volume showed a significant decrease with blood samples obtained 10 minutes after dialysis onward as compared with immediately after dialysis, leading to an approximately 6% decrease at 60 minutes. Protein catabolic rate values derived from blood samples taken 15 to 60 minutes after dialysis were not significantly different. Urea kinetic modelling led to a significant increase in calculated PCR with samples from 5 minutes after dialysis onward and a total increase by 11.5% at 60 minutes. Different methods for determining PCR were compared in 13 clinically stable outpatients treated with conventional hemodialysis on cellulose acetate membrane dialyzers during 1 week. The mean PCR calculated from measured total urea output was 61.3 g/24 hr (range, 43.7 to 83.2 g/24 hr). Assessment of DPI as compared with PCR calculated from measured total urea output was lower by 7.5% (95% confidence intervale [CI], 1.4 to 17.5). Protein catabolic rate derived from calculated G resulted in a consequent overestimation by 8.5% (95% CI, 4.5 to 12.5), 21.5% (95% CI, 16.4 to 26.7), and 21.1% (95% CI, 17.1 to 25.1) for the Watson formula, 58% of postdialysis body weight, and urea kinetic modelling, respectively. The coefficients of variation for PCR determination were all approximately 6%, with the exception of DPI assessment, which had a coefficient of variation of 10.2%. No influence of the length of the interdialytic interval on protein metabolism was found, except for DPI, which showed a difference of 4.4 g/24 hr (95% CI, 0.7 to 8.1) between short and long interdialytic intervals. In conclusion, PCR estimates based on different methods of calculating G will lead to overestimation of true PCR derived from measured total urea output and are influenced by postdialysis urea rebound, but not by the length of the interdialytic interval. The results obtained with the use of the Watson formula lead to a small overestimation of PCR with acceptable reproducibility, making this method an attractive option for routine surveillance of PCR. Assessment of DPI shows a higher coefficient of variation and underestimates PCR. (C) 1995 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc

The Characteristics of Demineralized Dentin Material Sponge as Guided Bone Regeneration Based on the FTIR and SEM-EDX Tests

Objective The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of demineralized dentin material sponge (DDMS). Material and Methods An observational study was conducted on DDMS and BPCM. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) test was performed to determine the characterizations of the materials. Scanning electron microscope-electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) test was performed to observe the elements contained in the materials. Results The infrared spectrum of the DDMS and BPCM functional groups showed the same pattern in each variation, and no significant differences were found. According to SEM analysis, the cavities that make up the membrane were spotted on the surface. Besides, according to the SEM-EDX analysis, DDMS contained chlorine, carbon, and calcium, while BPCM contained carbon, oxygen, and sulfur. Conclusion DDMS has the potential to be a biomaterial for bone tissue engineering in terms of the characteristics. DDMS had a structure that almost resembles BPCM as seen from the results of the FTIR graph between DDMS and BPCM. The morphological structure of the two materials in the SEM test appeared to have porosity with various sizes. DO

The Characteristic of Demineralized Dentin Material Sponge as Guide Bone Regeneration Based on the FTIR and SEM-EDX Tests

Objective The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of demineralized dentin material sponge (DDMS). Material and Methods An observational study was conducted on DDMS and BPCM. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) test was performed to determine the characterizations of the materials. Scanning electron microscope-electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) test was performed to observe the elements contained in the materials. Results The infrared spectrum of the DDMS and BPCM functional groups showed the same pattern in each variation, and no significant differences were found. According to SEM analysis, the cavities that make up the membrane were spotted on the surface. Besides, according to the SEM-EDX analysis, DDMS contained chlorine, carbon, and calcium, while BPCM contained carbon, oxygen, and sulfur. Conclusion DDMS has the potential to be a biomaterial for bone tissue engineering in terms of the characteristics. DDMS had a structure that almost resembles BPCM as seen from the results of the FTIR graph between DDMS and BPCM. The morphological structure of the two materials in the SEM test appeared to have porosity with various sizes

FLow-Induced PRotrusions ( FLIPRs) A Platelet-Derived Platform for the Retrieval of Microparticles by Monocytes and Neutrophils

Rationale: Platelets are the most important cells in the primary prevention of blood loss after injury. In addition, platelets are at the interface between circulating leukocytes and the (sub)endothelium regulating inflammatory responses. Objective: Our aim was to study the dynamic process that leads to the formation of procoagulant and proinflammatory platelets under physiological flow. Methods and Results: In the present study, we describe the formation of extremely long, negatively charged membrane strands that emerge from platelets adhered under flow. These flow-induced protrusions (FLIPRs) are formed in vitro on different physiological substrates and are also detected in vivo in a mouse carotid injury model. FLIPRs are formed downstream the adherent and activated platelets and reach lengths of 250 m. FLIPR formation is shear-dependent and requires cyclophilin D, calpain, and Rac1 activation. It is accompanied by a disassembly of the F-actin and microtubule organization. Monocytes and neutrophils roll over FLIPRs in a P-selectin/P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1-dependent manner, retrieving fragments of FLIPRs as microparticles on their surface. Consequently, monocytes and neutrophils become activated, as demonstrated by increased CD11b expression and L-selectin shedding. Conclusions: The formation of long platelet membrane extensions, such as the ones presented in our flow model, may pave the way to generate an increased membrane surface for interaction with monocytes and neutrophils. Our study provides a mechanistic model for platelet membrane transfer and the generation of monocyte/neutrophil-microparticle complexes. We propose that the formation of FLIPRs in vivo contributes to the well-established proinflammatory function of platelets and platelet-derived microparticle

FLow-Induced PRotrusions (FLIPRs): A Platelet-Derived Platform for the Retrieval of Microparticles by Monocytes and Neutrophils

Platelets are the most important cells in the primary prevention of blood loss after injury. In addition, platelets are at the interface between circulating leukocytes and the (sub)endothelium regulating inflammatory responses.status: publishe