Direct detection of electron backscatter diffraction patterns.

We report the first use of direct detection for recording electron backscatter diffraction patterns. We demonstrate the following advantages of direct detection: the resolution in the patterns is such that higher order features are visible; patterns can be recorded at beam energies below those at which conventional detectors usefully operate; high precision in cross-correlation based pattern shift measurements needed for high resolution electron backscatter diffraction strain mapping can be obtained. We also show that the physics underlying direct detection is sufficiently well understood at low primary electron energies such that simulated patterns can be generated to verify our experimental data

Sepsis: in search of cure

Introduction Sepsis is a complex inflammatory disorder believed to originate from an infection by any types of microbes and/or their products. It is the leading cause of death in intensive care units (ICUs) throughout the globe.The mortality rates depend both on the severity of infection and the host’s response to infection.Methods Literature survey on pathobiology of sepsis in general and failure of more than hundred clinical trialsconducted so far in search of a possible cure for sepsisresulted in the preparation of this manuscript.FindingsSepsis lacks a suitable animal model thatmimics human sepsis. However, based on the resultsobtained in animal models of sepsis, clinical trials con-ducted so far have been disappointing. Althoughinvolvement of multiple mediators and pathways in sepsishas been recognized, only few components are being tar-geted and this could be the major reason behind the failureof clinical trials.ConclusionInability to recognize a single critical medi-ator of sepsis may be the underlying cause for the poortherapeutic intervention of sepsis. Therefore, sepsis is stillconsidered as a disease—in search of cu