238 research outputs found
Spinor two-point functions and Peierls bracket in de Sitter space
This paper studies spinor two-point functions for spin-1/2 and spin-3/2
fields in maximally symmetric spaces such as de Sitter spacetime, by using
intrinsic geometric objects. The Feynman, positive- and negative-frequency
Green functions are then obtained for these cases, from which we eventually
display the supercommutator and the Peierls bracket under such a setting in
two-component-spinor language.Comment: 22 pages, Latex. In the final version, the presentation has been
improve
Heterotic Flux Attractors
We find attractor equations describing moduli stabilization for heterotic
compactifications with generic SU(3)-structure. Complex structure and K\"ahler
moduli are treated on equal footing by using SU(3)xSU(3)-structure at
intermediate steps. All independent vacuum data, including VEVs of the
stabilized moduli, is encoded in a pair of generating functions that depend on
fluxes alone. We work out an explicit example that illustrates our methods.Comment: 37 pages, references and clarifications adde
Ricci-flat supertwistor spaces
We show that supertwistor spaces constructed as a Kahler quotient of a
hyperkahler cone (HKC) with equal numbers of bosonic and fermionic coordinates
are Ricci-flat, and hence, Calabi-Yau. We study deformations of the
supertwistor space induced from deformations of the HKC. We also discuss
general infinitesimal deformations that preserve Ricci-flatness.Comment: 13 pages, references and comments adde
Gravitino Propagator in anti de Sitter space
We construct the gauge invariant part of the propagator for the massless
gravitino in AdS(d+1) by coupling it to a conserved current. We also derive the
propagator for the massive gravitino.Comment: 24 pages; LaTe
Parameterization of oceanic whitecap fraction based on satellite observations
In this study, the utility of satellite-based white-cap fraction (W) data for the prediction of sea spray aerosol (SSA) emission rates is explored. More specifically, the study aims at evaluating how an account for natural variability of whitecaps in the W parameterization would affect SSA mass flux predictions when using a sea spray source function (SSSF) based on the discrete whitecap method. The starting point is a data set containing W data for 2006 together with matching wind speed U-10 and sea surface temperature (SST) T. Whitecap fraction W was estimated from observations of the ocean surface brightness temperature T-B by satellite-borne radiometers at two frequencies (10 and 37 GHz). A global-scale assessment of the data set yielded approximately quadratic correlation between W and U-10. A new global W(U-10) parameterization was developed and used to evaluate an intrinsic correlation between W and U-10 that could have been introduced while estimating W from T B. A regional-scale analysis over different seasons indicated significant differences of the coefficients of regional W(U-10) relationships. The effect of SST on W is explicitly accounted for in a new W(U-10, T) parameterization. The analysis of W values obtained with the new W(U-10) and W(U-10, T) parameterizations indicates that the influence of secondary factors on W is for the largest part embedded in the exponent of the wind speed dependence. In addition, the W(U-10, T) parameterization is able to partially model the spread (or variability) of the satellite-based W data. The satellite-based parameterization W(U-10, T) was applied in an SSSF to estimate the global SSA emission rate. The thus obtained SSA production rate for 2006 of 4.4 x 10(12) kg year(-1) is within previously reported estimates, however with distinctly different spatial distribution.Peer reviewe
Natural Quintessence in String Theory
We introduce a natural model of quintessence in string theory where the light
rolling scalar is radiatively stable and couples to Standard Model matter with
weaker-than- Planckian strength. The model is embedded in an anisotropic type
IIB compactification with two exponentially large extra dimensions and
TeV-scale gravity. The bulk turns out to be nearly supersymmetric since the
scale of the gravitino mass is of the order of the observed value of the
cosmological constant. The quintessence field is a modulus parameterising the
size of an internal four-cycle which naturally develops a potential of the
order (gravitino mass)^4, leading to a small dark energy scale without tunings.
The mass of the quintessence field is also radiatively stable since it is
protected by supersymmetry in the bulk. Moreover, this light scalar couples to
ordinary matter via its mixing with the volume mode. Due to the fact that the
quintessence field is a flat direction at leading order, this mixing is very
small, resulting in a suppressed coupling to Standard Model particles which
avoids stringent fifth-force constraints. On the other hand, if dark matter is
realised in terms of Kaluza-Klein states, unsuppressed couplings between dark
energy and dark matter can emerge, leading to a scenario of coupled
quintessence within string theory. We study the dynamics of quintessence in our
set-up, showing that its main features make it compatible with observations.Comment: 26 page
Supersymmetry and R-symmetry breaking in models with non-canonical Kahler potential
We analyze several aspects of R-symmetry and supersymmetry breaking in
generalized O'Raifeartaigh models with non-canonical Kahler potential. Some
conditions on the Kahler potential are derived in order for the
non-supersymmetric vacua to be degenerate. We calculate the Coleman-Weinberg
(CW) effective potential for general quiral non-linear sigma models and then
study the 1-loop quantum corrections to the pseudo-moduli space. For
R-symmetric models, the quadratic dependence of the CW potential with the
ultraviolet cutoff scale disappears. We also show that the conditions for
R-symmetry breaking are independent of this scale and remain unchanged with
respect to those of canonical models. This is, R-symmetry can be broken when
generic R-charge assignments to the fields are made, while it remains unbroken
when only fields with R-charge 0 and 2 are present. We further show that these
models can keep the runaway behavior of their canonical counterparts and also
new runaway directions can be induced. Due to the runaway directions, the
non-supersymmetric vacua is metastable.Comment: 19 pages, revised version with minor changes, references added,
published in JHE
Hypermoduli Stabilization, Flux Attractors, and Generating Functions
We study stabilization of hypermoduli with emphasis on the effects of
generalized fluxes. We find a class of no-scale vacua described by ISD
conditions even in the presence of geometric flux. The associated flux
attractor equations can be integrated by a generating function with the
property that the hypermoduli are determined by a simple extremization
principle. We work out several orbifold examples where all vector moduli and
many hypermoduli are stabilized, with VEVs given explicitly in terms of fluxes.Comment: 45 pages, no figures; Version submitted to JHE
On NS5-brane instantons and volume stabilization
We study general aspects of NS5-brane instantons in relation to the
stabilization of the volume modulus in Calabi-Yau compactifications of type II
strings with fluxes, and their orientifold versions. These instantons correct
the Kahler potential and generically yield significant contributions to the
scalar potential at intermediate values of string coupling constant and volume.
Under suitable conditions they yield uplifting terms that allow for
meta--stable de Sitter vacua.Comment: 29 pages, 3 figures; statements about fields G^a made more precise,
added some clarifications, typos correcte
Five-brane Instantons vs Flux-induced Gauging of Isometries
In five-dimensional heterotic M-theory there is necessarily nonzero
background flux, which leads to gauging of an isometry of the universal
hypermultiplet moduli space. This isometry, however, is poised to be broken by
M5-brane instanton effects. We show that, similarly to string theory, the
background flux allows only brane instantons that preserve the above isometry.
The zero-mode counting for the M5 instantons is related to the number of
solutions of the Dirac equation on their worldvolume. We investigate that
equation in the presence of generic background flux and also, in a particular
case, with nonzero worldvolume flux.Comment: 27 pages; reference adde
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