1,350 research outputs found
Quantum dynamics of Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonians beyond Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov: The Bogoliubov backreaction approximation
e formulate a method for studying the quantum field dynamics of ultracold
Bose gases confined within optical lattice potentials, within the lowest
Bloch-band Bose-Hubbard model. Our formalism extends the two-sites results of
Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf86}, 000568 (2001) to the general case of lattice
sites. The methodology is based on mapping the Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian to an
pseudospin problem and truncating the resulting hierarchy of dynamical
equations for correlation functions, up to pair-correlations between
generators. Agreement with few-site exact many-particle calculations is
consistently better than the corresponding Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov
approximation. Moreover, our approximation compares favorably with a more
elaborate two-particle irreducible effective action formalism, at a fraction of
the analytic and numerical effort.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure
Free-flight model investigation of a vertical-attitude VTOL fighter
Tests were made in the Langley full-scale tunnel and included a study of the stability and control characteristics of delta- and swept-wing configurations from hovering through the transition to normal forward flight. Static force tests were also conducted to aid in the analysis of the flight tests. With conventional artificial rate stabilization, very smooth transitions could be made consistently with relatively little difficulty. Because of the lower apparent damping and a tendency to diverge in yaw, however, the swept-wing configuration was considered to be much more difficult to fly than the delta-wing configuration. With rate dampers off, both configurations were very difficult to control and the control power needed for satisfactory flights was substantially higher than with the rate dampers operating
The Effect of Tempo on Prone Hamstring Exercise - An Exploration of Unilateral Bias
Hamstring injuries are common muscle-skeletal injuries with a high recurrence rate. While unmodifiable risk factors (e.g., previous injury) vary, recent evidence has questioned the utility of eccentric exercise in preventing hamstring strains. Furthermore, whether eccentric exercise can transfer to sprinting’s kinetic and kinematic requirements is of question. Therefore, this investigation examines exercise tempo (fast vs. slow eccentric phase), movement strategy (bilateral vs. unilateral), and external load characteristics (coupled vs. independent) bias concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC) biceps femoris (BF) mean electromyography (mEMG). METHODS: Twenty college-aged students aged 18 – 33 (M = 23.4, SD = 3.12 years) with \u3e3 months of targeted hamstring training \u3e1x per week were recruited and completed two separate lab visits. Lab visits 1 (familiarization) and 2 (experimental protocol) were scheduled for approximately the same time of day, at least 72 hours apart. RESULTS: A main effect of side was detected for BF mEMG during ECC (F (1, 206) = 145.27, p \u3c 0.001) and CON (F (1, 206) = 124.29, p \u3c 0.001). A main effect of tempo was detected for BF (F (1, 206) = 4.144, p = 0.043). The fast tempo (M = 8.20 %MVC, 95% CI: 6.79 to 9.62 %MVC) elicited a higher mEMG when compared to the slow tempo (M = 7.24 %MVC, 95% CI: 5.83 to 8.65 %MVC). Post hoc comparison indicated that the mEMG showed significant differences between tempos (∆M = 0.963 %MVC), p = 0.043. A main effect of side was detected for Gmax ECC (F = (1, 209) 23.28, p \u3c 0.001) and CON (F = (1, 209) 7.85, p = 0.006). CONCLUSION: The prone hamstring exercise resulted in biased recruitment of the contralateral Gmax and BF despite no differences in functional strength ratios (ECC HS [degrees per sec]/ CON Q [degrees per second]). Further investigation is warranted to decipher why this bias exists and whether this phenomenon is a training adaptation or a predictive mechanism for hamstring strain
Genebank ‐ in vitro propagation of potato and sweetpotato. CIP‐SOP056 V 3.0
This procedure describes the in vitro multiplication of potato and sweetpotato germplasm for international and national germplasm distribution, as well as, in vitro conservation, phytosanitary, and cryopreservation activities
Decoherence and Recoherence in Model Quantum Systems
We discuss the various manifestations of quantum decoherence in the forms of
dephasing, entanglement with the environment, and revelation of "which-path"
information. As a specific example, we consider an electron interference
experiment. The coupling of the coherent electrons to the quantized
electromagnetic field illustrates all of these versions of decoherence. This
decoherence has two equivalent interpretations, in terms of photon emission or
in terms of Aharonov-Bohm phase fluctuations. We consider the case when the
coherent electrons are coupled to photons in a squeezed vacuum state. The
time-averaged result is increased decoherence. However, if only electrons which
are emitted during selected periods are counted, the decoherence can be
suppressed below the level for the photon vacuum. This is the phenomenon of
recoherence. This effect is closely related to the quantum violations of the
weak energy condition, and is restricted by similar inequalities. We give some
estimates of the magnitude of the recoherence effect and discuss prospects for
observing it in an electron interferometry experiment.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, talk presented at the 7th Friedmann Seminar, Joao
Pessoa, Brazil, July 200
Decoherence induced by Smith-Purcell radiation
The interaction between charged particles and the vacuum fluctuations of the
electromagnetic field induces decoherence, and therefore affects the contrast
of fringes in an interference experiment. In this article we show that if a
double slit experiment is performed near a conducting grating, the fringe
visibility is reduced. We find that the reduction of contrast is proportional
to the number of grooves in the conducting surface, and that for realistic
values of the parameters it could be large enough to be observed. The effect
can be understood in terms of the Smith-Purcell radiation produced by the
surface currents induced in the conductor.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures. Improved discussion on experimental
perspectives. References added. Version to appear in Phys. Rev.
Second Josephson excitations beyond mean field as a toy model for thermal pressure: exact quantum dynamics and the quantum phase model
A simple four-mode Bose-Hubbard model with intrinsic time scale separation
can be considered as a paradigm for mesoscopic quantum systems in thermal
contact. In our previous work we showed that in addition to coherent particle
exchange, a novel slow collective excitation can be identified by a series of
Holstein-Primakoff transformations. This resonant energy exchange mode is not
predicted by linear Bogoliubov theory, and its frequency is sensitive to
interactions among Bogoliubov quasi-particles; it may be referred to as a
second Josephson oscillation, in analogy to the second sound mode of liquid
Helium II. In this paper we will explore this system beyond the
Gross-Pitaevskii mean field regime. We directly compare the classical mean
field dynamics to the exact full quantum many-particle dynamics and show good
agreement over a large range of the system parameters. The second Josephson
frequency becomes imaginary for stronger interactions, however, indicating
dynamical instability of the symmetric state. By means of a generalized quantum
phase model for the full four-mode system, we then show that, in this regime,
high-energy Bogoliubov quasiparticles tend to accumulate in one pair of sites,
while the actual particles preferentially occupy the opposite pair. We
interpret this as a simple model for thermal pressure
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