Estimation of Gas Permeabilities for the Maricopa Site, Arizona

Upward and downward migration of gases from waste-disposal facilities is a critical issue for low-level radioactive waste disposal. Gaseous radionuclides in low-level waste include H-3, C-14, and Rn-222. Upward migration of gases to the surface can be important, particularly during operation of the facility (Kozak and Olague, 1994). High tritium values (for example 1,100 TU at 24 m depth, 162 TU at 109 m depth) have been found adjacent to the Beatty site, Nevada, that cannot readily be explained by liquid or combined liquid and vapor transport (Prudic and Striegl, 1995; Striegl et al., 1996). Because disposal practices at Beatty varied in the past and included disposal of as much as 2,000 m3 of liquid waste, further research in tritium movement at Beatty is warranted. Transport mechanisms for gases include not only diffusion but also advection. Analysis of gas transport is important at many low-level waste disposal facilities as shown by the intensive program to monitor concentrations and concentration gradients of gaseous radionuclides proposed for the California low-level radioactive waste disposal facility (Harding Lawson & Assoc., 1991). Performance assessment calculations require information on parameters related to gas transport to predict long-term migration of gases in the subsurface. The purpose of this study is to evaluate different techniques of estimating gas transport parameters and monitoring subsurface gas migration. The objective of this study is to examine different techniques for evaluating gas permeability. Pneumatic pressure tests will be conducted to estimate vertical and horizontal air permeabilities at different levels. In addition, permeabilities will be calculated from atmospheric breathing data that will include evaluation of subsurface response to barometric pressure fluctuations. Computer simulations suggest that air from the surface can move several meters into the ground during typical barometric pressure cycles (Massmann and Farrier, 1992). Gas ports will be installed at different depths in two boreholes to evaluate atmospheric pumping. The results of this study will provide valuable information on subsurface gas transport processes and the various techniques to obtain data on parameters required for simulation of such processes. These data will be required for performance assessment calculations.Bureau of Economic Geolog

Kecacingan Usus Pada Anak Sekolah Dasar Di Tanawangko Kecamatan Tombariri Kabupaten Minahasa

: Helminth is one of the most commonly infected parasites in human. According to WHO, more than 1,5 billions of people around the world are infected by helminthes. The highest number of helminthiasis cases is of school age children. This study was aimed to obtain the helminthiasis cases in students of elementary schools at Tanawangko Minahasa and to identify the types of helmiths. This was a descriptive study. Feces samples from the students were kept in feces pot and then were examined microscopically. The results showed that of the 118 feces samples there were five samples (4.3%) which were positively infected by helminth, Ascaris lumbricoides

Composite Inelastic Dark Matter

Peaking consistently in June for nearly eleven years, the annual modulation signal reported by DAMA/NaI and DAMA/LIBRA offers strong evidence for the identity of dark matter. DAMA's signal strongly suggest that dark matter inelastically scatters into an excited state split by O(100 keV). We propose that DAMA is observing hyperfine transitions of a composite dark matter particle. As an example, we consider a meson of a QCD-like sector, built out of constituent fermions whose spin-spin interactions break the degeneracy of the ground state. An axially coupled U(1) gauge boson that mixes kinetically with hypercharge induces inelastic hyperfine transitions of the meson dark matter that can explain the DAMA signal.Comment: 5 pages (two-column), 1 figure, revised version, references adde

The Zero Age Main Sequence of WIMP burners

We modify a stellar structure code to estimate the effect upon the main sequence of the accretion of weakly interacting dark matter onto stars and its subsequent annihilation. The effect upon the stars depends upon whether the energy generation rate from dark matter annihilation is large enough to shut off the nuclear burning in the star. Main sequence WIMP burners look much like protostars moving on the Hayashi track, although they are in principle completely stable. We make some brief comments about where such stars could be found, how they might be observed and more detailed simulations which are currently in progress. Finally we comment on whether or not it is possible to link the paradoxically young OB stars found at the galactic centre with WIMP burners.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figs. Matches published versio

Transonic-flutter Investigation of Wings Attached to Two Low-acceleration Rocket-propelled Vehicles

Two low-acceleration transonic-flutter vehicles were launched and flown. The first carried two test wings, one of which fluttered at M = 0.92 at a frequency of 61.4 cycles per second. The reference flutter speed determined from two-dimensional theory for an unswept wing in incompressible flow is conservative when compared to the experimental flutter speed. The second vehicle carried two test wings, one of which failed at M = 0.71 because of low-frequency divergent oscillation. Since this failure was not caused by conventional flexure-torsion flutter, no comparison with a reference flutter speed can be made