Efficient One Pot Synthesis of Xanthene-Triazole-Quinoline/Phenyl Conjugates and Evaluation of their Antimicrobial Activity

Novel xanthene-triazole-quinoline/phenyl conjugates were synthesized by eco-friendly one pot three-component condensation of 12-aryl-2-hydroxy-tetrahydrobenzo[a]xanthene-11-one, propargyl bromide and 4-azido-7-chloroquinoline/phenyl azide using polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) as a reaction medium with an aim to explore their effect on the invitro growth of microorganisms causing microbial infection. All newly synthesized xanthene-triazole-quinoline/phenyl conjugates were fully characterized and were evaluated for invitro antibacterial and antifungal activity. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated against nine microbial strains. All compounds showed good Gram positive antibacterial and antifungal activity. One of the compounds showed best antibacterial and antifungal activity. Further, binding mode of this compound at the active site of enzyme topoisomerase II DNA gyrase B has also been investigated

[In Press] Decarbonization through sustainable energy technologies : asymmetric evidence from 20 most innovative nations across the globe

Since the discharge of carbon is one of the main causes for ongoing global warming issue and change in climate, most nations have committed to decarbonizing their economies at the COP26 summit. Thus, this investigation aims to explore the consequences of innovations in sustainable energy technologies on decarbonization in the 20 most innovative nations across the globe. In assessing the cause-and-effect relationship, we have used “Panel Non-linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (P-NARDL)” technique. The findings demonstrated that the variables have a lasting relationship. The positive asymmetric shock in the innovations in sustainable energy technologies has a positive influence on the decarbonization of these nations, while the negative asymmetric effect is insignificant. According to the findings, clean energy negatively consequence on carbonization whereas growth in economy is favorably and considerably connected with it. The findings demonstrate that there is bidirectional causation between all variables under investigation, with the exception of the unidirectional causality flows from the usage of sustainable energy technology and emissions of CO2. In a global context, this research suggests that government should identify the roles of new sustainable energy technologies by reforming patenting regulations to rectify the environmental damages