The Cultural and Creative Industries: Organisational and Spatial Challenges to their Governance

The Cultural and Creative Industries (CCI) have a distinct geography, one that is dynamic and that has until recently been poorly documented and underexplained. The aim of this paper is to briefly review the changing terrain of analyses of the CCI in order to turn an analytic focus onto the challenge of policy-making in the field of the cultural and creative industries. The structure of the paper follows four steps. First, we outline the shifting nature of governance in nation states and regions; second, we highlight the corresponding shifts occurring in the organisation of the cultural and creative industries, and the field of cultural policy; third, we consider the need to resolve governance and the cultural and creative industries. Finally, we outline some responses to this challenge

Production networks in the cultural and creative sector: case studies from the publishing industry (CICERONE report D2.8)

The CICERONE project investigates cultural and creative industries through case study research, with a focus on production networks. This report, part of WP2, examines the publishing industry within this framework. It aims to understand the industry's hidden aspects, address statistical issues in measurement, and explore the industry's transformation and integration of cultural and economic values. The report provides an overview of the production network, explores statistical challenges, and presents qualitative analyses of two case studies. It concludes by highlighting the potential of the Global Production Network (GPN) approach for analyzing, researching, policymaking, and intervening in the European publishing network. The CICERONE project's case study research delves into the publishing industry, investigating its production networks and examining key aspects often unseen by the public. The report addresses statistical challenges in measuring the industry and sheds light on its ongoing transformations and integration of cultural and economic values. It presents an overview of the production network, explores statistical issues, and provides qualitative analyses of two case studies. The report emphasizes the potential of the GPN approach for analyzing and intervening in the European publishing network, ultimately contributing to research, policymaking, and understanding within the industry

Introduction

Hubs have variously been understood as co-working spaces, as studios, as incubators, as accelerators, as districts, quarters or zones and/or a mix of all of the above. The lack of clarity is particularly troubling given that policy makers, research councils, consultants and governments have been so quick to promote and endorse the value of creative hubs as a catalyst for innovation and growth in local creative and cultural economies, as well as for producing urban regeneration. Our aim is to look critically at creative hubs from an interdisciplinary perspectives and ‘press pause’ on the celebratory discourses about creative hubs; to ask how they are best conceptualised, who they include or exclude, whether they make for ‘good’ workplaces, and what diverse forms they take across different places and contexts. We conclude that one of the most important ‘hidden’ aspects of hubs that find little expression in the writings about hubs is the voices of those that work in hubs: contributors to the collection elaborate the social life of hubs

Creative Economy Employment in the US, Canada and the UK

The US has the largest creative economy employment of the US, UK and Canada employing 14.2 million people. Canada had the largest creative economy employment as a percentage of the workforce at 12.9 per cent. Employment in the UK creative economy grew at 4.7 per cent per annum on average between 2011 and 2013, faster than the US between (3.1 per cent). A comparison with Canadian growth over this period was not possible with the data available. The largest centre of creative economy employment in the US in absolute terms is the New York-Newark-New Jersey Metro area employing 1.2 million people (12.7 per cent of the workforce) in 2013. The creative economy employment of this area in absolute and percentage terms is comparable to that of the Greater South East of England (London, the South East and Eastern regions). This employs 1.3 million people in the creative economy, 12.3 per cent of the workforce. This report provides consistent statistics on the US and Canadian creative economies in comparison to the UK. Creative economy employment being employment in creative industries and in creative occupations outside of these. Employment figures for creative industry groups are also provided. The report also analyses creative economy employment at a sub-national level for the US and UK, and the national level growth rates for these two countries between 2011 and 2013. The report applies the official UK creative industry classification to produce a best possible fit creative industries definition in the US and Canadian data. The report is based on analysing the US American Community Survey, the Canadian Household survey and the UK Annual Population Survey. A companion report that examines the creative industries employment in the 28 member states of the EU was published in December 2015

Creative hubs: Understanding the new economy

A dynamic ecosystem of creative spaces and communities has developed over the last 10 years. This report has been commissioned to better understand their diverse value, processes and motivations and in doing so, analyse how best to support and stimulate the wider creative economy they are rooted in

International change and technological evolution in the fashion industry

The aim of this research is to sketch out the parameters of the fashion industry. Whilst, without doubt fashion is a means of personal and cultural expression, it is also an industry. The industrial and economic aspects have been relatively under-researched. We highlight the fact that the fashion industry is fast evolving, and growing. Traditional economic analyses have under-examined some of the crucial drivers of change in this sector but these are all important issues for a number of reasons. First, the local and global consequences of the transformation of the fashion industry help us to understand the challenges facing urban and regional economies, particularly in Europe. Second, the fashion industry, like the cultural industries more generally, is leading a new form of economic development that blends qualitative elements and quantitative forms, a culturalisation of economic action. In so doing we also raise three questions, one has already been alluded to: what is the ‘fashion industry’; and following this, a second: is the fashion industry the same, or different, to other cultural industries? Finally, in relation to the dynamics of change, we point to the role of situatedness: the importance of place and institutional embedding

Cruise tourism and community economic development in Central America and the Caribbean: The case of Costa Rica

This paper illustrates an economic approach to understanding the cruise tourism industry as a driver of economic development in Costa Rica. The objective is to describe the role and activities of the cruise ship industry and identify sources of economic benefit and cost such that more informed local policy decisions about the cruise ship tourism might be made. For example, our analysis indicates: the cruise tourism industry competes with the cargo shipping industry for port space at a significant cost to Costa Rican ports; the amount of money injected into the local economy per cruise tourist is substantially lower than for other types of tourism; Cruise ships purchase relatively few supplies in Costa Rica; Cruise ships generate a great deal of human waste, water and air pollution, which can create a serious health hazard, cleanup costs, and which are not commensurate with other types of tourism development available to Costa Rica; Decision makers may want to consider that investment in cruise tourism friendly ports may be less efficient from a national perspective than investment in infrastructure (e.g., airports) to increase more profitable types of tourism; And leaders may want to consider the encouragement of smaller “pocket” cruises over the current cruise version of mass tourism. This approach should be applicable to communities wherever cruise tourism currently exists or is under consideration to be included in the portfolio of community economic activities.Este documento ilustra un enfoque económico a la comprensión de la industria de turismo de cruceros como impulsora del desarrollo económico en Costa Rica. El objetivo es describir el papel y las actividades de la industria de cruceros e identificar fuentes de costo y beneficio económico, a fin de que se puedan tomar decisiones locales de política con más información sobre el turismo de cruceros. Por ejemplo, nuestro análisis indica que la industria de turismo de cruceros compite con la industria de despacho de carga por espacio portuario a un significativo costo para los puertos de Costa Rica: la cantidad de dinero inyectada a la economía local por turista de crucero es sustancialmente más baja que para otros tipos de turismo. Los cruceros de turismo compran relativamente pocos suministros en Costa Rica y generan una gran cantidad de desechos producidos por las personas así como contaminación de agua y aire, lo que puede crear un serio peligro para la salud y costos de limpieza que no son proporcionales con otros tipos de desarrollo turístico de los que dispone el país. Quizás los encargados de tomar decisiones quieran considerar que la inversión en puertos amistosos con el turismo de crucero podría ser menos eficiente desde una perspectiva nacional que la inversión en infraestructura (por ejemplo, aeropuertos) para aumentar tipos más rentables de turismo. Asimismo, quizás los líderes quieran pensar en estimular cruceros más pequeños “de bolsillo” más bien que la actual versión de turismo masivo. Este método debería ser aplicable a comunidades donde el turismo de crucero existe actualmente o se está considerando para incluirlo en la cartera de actividades económicas comunitarias

Merging biology and technology to achieve selective bi-directional fish passage

Selective, bi-directional fish passage can ease tensions between connectivity actions fish managers take to improve production of native and desirable fishes. Dam removal and fish passage can enhance fish production by increasing connectivity between tributaries and lakes or oceans. Conversely, in-stream barriers to movement can benefit native fishes by limiting the spread and reproduction of invasive species. To address the tensions, the Great Lakes Fishery Commission is leading a team of nearly 60 fisheries biologists, managers, and engineers in developing novel and effective tools to selectively pass desirable fishes while simultaneously blocking and removing invasive species. A uniquely designed facility (FishPass) is being planned for construction at the Boardman River’s Union Street Dam (Traverse City, MI) to stimulate research that integrates a suite of fish sorting, guidance, and passage technologies and techniques for selective bi-directional fish passage at conditions consistent with the scale and conditions of natural rivers. To be successful, selective fish passage solutions will require the integration and redundancy of automated technologies that both exploit and overcome sortable attributes of fish (i.e., phenology, behavior, physiology, and morphology). This presentation will discuss the status of the FishPass including conceptual designs, research agenda, and next steps

Experience of Wellness Recovery Action Planning in Self-Help and Mutual Support Groups for People with Lived Experience of Mental Health Difficulties

The main aim of this research was to assess the relevance and impact of wellness recovery action planning (WRAP) as a tool for self-management and wellness planning by individuals with mental health problems from pre-existing and newly formed groups, where the possibilities for continued mutual support in the development of WRAPs could be explored. Interviews and focus groups were conducted and pre-post recovery outcome measures completed (Recovery Assessment Scale and Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well Being Scale). 21 WRAP group participants took part in the research. The WRAP approach, used in groups and delivered by trained facilitators who could also share their lived experience, was very relevant and appeared to have a positive impact on many of the participants. The impact on participants varied from learning more about recovery and developing improved self-awareness to integrating a WRAP approach into daily life. The apparent positive impact of WRAP delivered in the context of mutual support groups indicates that it should be given serious consideration as a unique and worthwhile option for improving mental health. WRAP groups could make a significant contribution to the range of self-management options that are available for improving mental health and well-being