PEMERTAHANAN BAHASA VS PERUBAHAN BAHASA PADA CAKAP KARO DI TANAH KARO, SUMATERA UTARA

Language change may happen to any language which faces diglosic situation where the influencing language is considered more prestigious and valuable. This study looks at the phenomena of ethnic language change among Karonese people in linguistic area of phonology, lexicon and semantic. On the other hand, this research also finds out possibilities of language maintaining toward Karonese language through the etnolinguistics outlook. In Karonese language the change occurs as result of contact with Indonesian as standardized language H for the sake of giving ‘soften’ characteristic toward L language, equality of social status and economic value. Despite of those changes occur in Karonese language as L, language maintaining of this ethnic language is also possible using the cultural point of view in the field of knowledge system, social organization system, life supporting equipment and technology, religion system, livelihood system and art which strongly bound the community of Karonese people

THE CORRELATION BETWEEN LISTENING AND SPEAKING AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

This research looks at listening as one factor that gives contribution toward speaking among high school students. The study attempts to reveal through data analysis, in the form of students. score from each variable that both have correlation. Further the objective of the study is also to find out the extent of influence contributed by listening toward speaking. The research applies library study and field study (instrument designing and test performing both for listening and speaking). The theory used for analysis deals with listening and speaking correlation from language learning review. The result of the study demonstrates that the correlation of listening as the independent variable with speaking as dependent variable is positive. It also proves that with a unit of program or treatment given toward listening class, there will be a significant improvement equals with 3.134 times from previous speaking score for the same sample. For the analysis of data, the extent of correlation between two varibales is shown as low. It indicates that even though listening do have positive correlation towarde speaking, it is not the only deminant factor to determine success in speaking

STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH IMPERATIVE COMMAND MOOD TRANSFER TO JAVANESE

Imperative Mood (IM) for Javanese is strongly related to social status determining language choice. Triglossia of Ngoko, Madya and Krama are pictured in language use as well as prosodic features of pitch contour. To look at how English IM transfers to Javanese is the purpose of this research as well as how this process influences variant of pitch contours produced by Javanese speaker. This is a comparative study highlighting difference and similarity visualized by Javanese and English pitch contours with similar semantic meaning to be analyzed in pragmatics stylistic framework. Imperative to Command (IC) cannot take place in Bottom-Up situation in Javanese for social reason which puts Imperative to Request (IR) and Imperative to Invite (II) as substitutions. Using sound production of Javanese from Jogja and Solo on English and Javanese imperative, intonation pattern from both languages is analyzed using PRAAT and described in pitch range. Findings of this research display cultural background of Javanese in IM which may be useful for English pronunciation class.DOI:doi.org/10.24071/llt.2019.22010

Tingkat Keterbacaan Pengumuman Berbahasa Inggris dalam Penerbangan Garuda Indonesia

Pengumuman informasi penerbangan yang menggunakan bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa resmi penerbangan ditemukan mulai dari masa pra journey, pre-flight, in-flight dan post-flight. Beragam jenis informasi yang disampaikan pada In-flight announcement (pengumuman selama penerbangan) menyesuaikan kegunaannya. Meskipun tertulis dalam standar manual, pengumuman dalam penerbangan disampaikan melalui instrumen di dalam kabin menggunakan media suara. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui apa saja pengumuman dalam penerbangan Garuda Indonesia dan untuk menganalisis tingkat keterbacaan pengumuman tersebut. 2 orang awak kabin Garuda Indonesia membacakan dan merekam in-flight announcement yang dipilih. 10 pertanyaan berkaitan dengan isi pengumuman disusun dan diuji validitasnya. Pertanyaan tersebut diujikan dalam tes menyimak untuk mengetahui tingkat keterpahaman narasumber seputar topik dan detail. Narasumber (n=15) mewakili 3 kategori penutur yakni penutur asli bahasa Inggris (NS1=5), penutur bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa kedua (NS2=5) dan penutur bahasa Indonesia (NS=5). Ini adalah analisis kuantitatif deskriptif menggunakan skor yang didapatkan dari tes. 27 jenis in-flight announcement dikategorikan menjadi 3 penggolongan antara lain pengumuman rutin, pengumuman disaat genting dan pengumuman musiman. Dari nilai rata-rata masing-masing kategori narasumber didapatkan bahwa tingkat keterpahaman pengumuman ada diatas rata-rata (NS1=7, NS2=7,4 dan NS3=8) yang berarti pelafalan penutur dapat dipahami. Menurut penggolongan tingkat pemahaman diketahui bahwa pertanyaan detail untuk jenis pengumuman genting dan musiman yang paling kurang dipahami oleh NS1 dan NS2 dikarenakan jenis pengumumannya yang jarang didengar. Dialek lokal sumber suara juga memberi peran pada pengucapan kata-kata non-Inggris dalam pengumuman

READERS’ KNOWLEDGE AND PURPOSE FOR SELF-ACTUALIZATION AFFECTING READING INTENTION FOR HOAX AMONG AVIATION SCHOOL ACADEMIA

Prior studies on knowledge and or reader purpose have been proven to lead readers’ attitudes. Emerging hoax news circulating social networking sites (SNSs) including among scholars has become a research concern recently.  To determine the extent of knowledge and reading purpose on hoax about air transport subject among academia is the purpose of this study.  Furthermore, it also measures the effect of those variables on reading intention. Using questionnaires, data is collected from students, instructors, teachers, and staff (n=100) from aviation school.  Multivariate regression is applied toward two independent variables (readers’ knowledge and purpose) and one dependent variable (reading intention).  Results of this study depicts simultaneously significant impact of readers’ knowledge and purpose of reading to readers’ intention to click on certain news

Elements of digital media in vocabulary remote-learning achievement

The urge of finding the most suitable method of remote teaching in a pandemic situation has become the center of recent studies. Equipped with instructional scaffolding, the absence of a teacher as a mentor in an asynchronous online class could be replaced by more interesting media for students’ self-study. This study was to look at games, songs, and a movie as media to enhance students’ achievement in English vocabulary. Further, elements in each media were observed along with students’ perceptions to explain the affected area in detail. This descriptive quantitative study used paired samples t-test toward students’ post-test scores of a control group (n=100) and an experimental group (n=100) in vocabulary. Students’ perception of taking media as learning tools in experimental class was measured in a questionnaire to explain the results. Results showed that the significantly experimental group outperformed in the final score. Trend on students’ perception in an experimental group toward these teaching media involved shared and specific features in media design, psychological and pedagogic elements. Further, it turned out that some primary and subsidiary features in games exceeded two other media (songs and movies) in vice versa generating some recommendations for future improvement

ANALYZING THE AVIATION SECURITY KNOWLEDGE TEST ITEMS TO EVALUATE CADET PROFICIENCY ACROSS DIVERSES LEVEL OF VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS

Assessments are vital tools in education, shaping dynamic learning experiences and contributing significantly to overall learner development. In AVSEC training, mandatory tests for license acquisition are a prerequisite for both job applicants and active duty officers contingent upon achieving satisfactory scores. Potential test takers vary in level of formal vocational education with a minimum educational requirement of a high school for job applicants. This study scrutinizes the quality of the AVSEC test, evaluating elements like difficulty index (DIF), discrimination index (DI), and distractor efficiency (DE). Serving as a comprehensive evaluative tool, it provides valuable feedback on proficiency and areas for improvement. In AVSEC item analysis, findings indicate that retaining a low category of Differential Item Functioning (DIF) may be justifiable based on item purpose. The influence of test-taker backgrounds and nuances in classical formal education is reflected in the low Discrimination Index (DI), emphasizing the need for considerations beyond intrinsic item characteristics. Challenges emerge in questions about regulations due to their overly straightforward construction, rendering the substitution of suboptimal distractors impractical. To address potential drawbacks, the training school may contemplate replacing items with similar topics, maintaining the test's purpose while enhancing item quality. This study underscores the delicate balance required in crafting effective assessments within the distinctive context of AVSEC

Enhancing aviation security awareness of vocational students from travel agent major of SMK Sriwijaya, Palembang

Playing a crucial role in ensuring an aviation operation's safety and security, an Aviation Security Officer (AVSEC) is equipped with particular knowledge and skills. These are regulated in an international standard and ministered by the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) as an Indonesian administrator. To apply as an AVSEC, the compulsory administrative requirement is an AVSEC license issued by DGCA. Special training and competency tests are held by approved institutions at cost. Minimizing the cost while providing adequate training for its students, Sriwijaya Aviation Vocational School decided to participate in a community service program held by STTKD, School of Aerospace Technology. The program specifically complies with knowledge provision and skills practice around AVSEC duties. Materials are designed as close as possible to approved AVSEC training and tests to help participants with the provision to take the real test. Among all the material in an approved AVSEC training, this program delivers material about AVSEC duties and problems, situational awareness at the airport, and politeness in English imperative for AVSEC

SOCIO-PRAGMATIC PROFILING ON ENGLISH IMPERATIVE INTONATION AT THE AIRPORT

Regardless its function to order someone to do or not do something, commanding and requesting is different in pragmatics and sociolinguistics basis. Related to dual-service of security and comfort at the airport, authority and politeness entailed in an imperative utterance can be expressed differently according to the context. Social backgrounds including gender, occupation and job experience or training of 6 aviation workers portray various expressions and pitches of 5 imperative operators in 10 different situations divided by level of danger. Profiling on implicature over those backgrounds are described by locating stress point switch on the expression given