7 research outputs found
Detection of false data injection attacks using unscented Kalman filter
Abstract It has recently been shown that state estimation (SE), which is the most important real-time function in modern energy management systems (EMSs), is vulnerable to false data injection attacks, due to the undetectability of those attacks using standard bad data detection techniques, which are typically based on normalized measurement residuals. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance to develop novel and efficient methods that are capable of detecting such malicious attacks. In this paper, we propose using the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) in conjunction with a weighted least square (WLS) based SE algorithm in real-time, to detect discrepancies between SV estimates and, as a consequence, to identify false data attacks. After an attack is detected and an appropriate alarm is raised, an operator can take actions to prevent or minimize the potential consequences. The proposed algorithm was successfully tested on benchmark IEEE 14-bus and 300-bus test systems, making it suitable for implementation in commercial EMS software
Dynamic model reduction: An overview of available techniques with application to power systems
This paper summarises the model reduction techniques used for the reduction
of large-scale linear and nonlinear dynamic models, described by the
differential and algebraic equations that are commonly used in control
theory. The groups of methods discussed in this paper for reduction of the
linear dynamic model are based on singular perturbation analysis, modal
analysis, singular value decomposition, moment matching and methods based on
a combination of singular value decomposition and moment matching. Among the
nonlinear dynamic model reduction methods, proper orthogonal decomposition,
the trajectory piecewise linear method, balancing-based methods, reduction by
optimising system matrices and projection from a linearised model, are
described. Part of the paper is devoted to the techniques commonly used for
reduction (equivalencing) of large-scale power systems, which are based on
coherency, synchrony, singular perturbation analysis, modal analysis and
identification. Two (most interesting) of the described techniques are
applied to the reduction of the commonly used New England 10-generator,
39-bus test power system