21 research outputs found
Usersā satisfaction with the primary health care information system in Croatia: a cross-sectional study
AIM:
To evaluate the primary health care information system from the general practitioner's (GP) point of view. ----- METHODS:
Sixty-seven Croatian GPs were distributed a questionnaire about characteristics of the GP's office, overall impression of the application, handling of daily routine information, more sophisticated information needs, and data security, and rated their satisfaction with each component from 1 to 5. We also compared two most frequently used applications--application with distantly installed software (DIS) and that with locally installed software (LIS, personal computer-based application). ----- RESULTS:
GPs were most satisfied with the daily procedures and the reminder component of the health information system (rating 4.1). The overall impression ranked second (3.5) and flexibility of applications followed closely (3.4). The most questionable aspect of applications was data security (3.0). LIS system received better overall rate than DIS (4.2 vs 3.2). ----- CONCLUSION:
Applications received better ratings for daily routine use than for overall impression and ability to get specific information according the GPs' needs. Poor ratings on the capability of the application, complaints about unreliable links, and doubts about data security point to a need for more user-friendly interfaces, more information on the capability of the application, and a valid certificate of assessment for every application
Usersā satisfaction with the primary health care information system in Croatia: a cross-sectional study
Aim To evaluate the primary health care information system
from the general practitionerās (GP) point of view.
Methods Sixty-seven Croatian GPs were distributed a
questionnaire about characteristics of the GPās office, overall
impression of the application, handling of daily routine
information, more sophisticated information needs, and
data security, and rated their satisfaction with each component
from 1 to 5. We also compared two most frequently
used applications ā application with distantly installed
software (DIS) and that with locally installed software (LIS,
personal computer-based application).
Results GPs were most satisfied with the daily procedures
and the reminder component of the health information
system (rating 4.1). The overall impression ranked second
(3.5) and flexibility of applications followed closely (3.4).
The most questionable aspect of applications was data security
(3.0). LIS system received better overall rate than DIS
(4.2 vs 3.2).
Conclusion Applications received better ratings for daily
routine use than for overall impression and ability to get
specific information according the GPsā needs. Poor ratings
on the capability of the application, complaints about
unreliable links, and doubts about data security point to a
need for more user-friendly interfaces, more information
on the capability of the application, and a valid certificate
of assessment for every application
Sport, Rekreation, Fitness ā Eine Analyse sportwissenschaftlicher Bezeichnungen
Jezik se stalno mijenja, a najÄeÅ”Äe se jeziÄne promjene
dogaÄaju u leksiku ā nastanak novih izvanjeziÄnih
fenomena ima za posljedicu nastanak novih rijeÄi.
Cilj je ovoga rada bio analizirati odabrane nazive u
kineziologiji, znanosti koja prouÄava zakonitosti upravljanja
procesom vježbanja i posljedice djelovanja toga procesa
na ljudski organizam ā sport, rekreacija, sportska rekreacija
te fitnes. Odabrani su primjeri analizirani u hrvatskom,
engleskom, njemaÄkom i talijanskom jeziku. Nastojalo se
pokazati kako je sport od zabave u opÄem jeziku postao
strukturirana, k cilju orijentirana, natjecateljska, ludiÄka
aktivnost u struÄnom jeziku, kako je rekreacija zabava, ali i
oporavak kroz programiranu sportsku aktivnost unutar
koncepta sportske rekreacije te kako se fitnes može
promatrati kao težnja za optimalnom fiziÄkom kvalitetom
života. Analiza je pokazala kako opisi odabranih
koncepata variraju te da je struÄne nazive poželjno
promatrati u kontekstu, kako bi se odabrao onaj opis
koji osigurava njihovo razumijevanje. Kretanje je metafora
života ā njihova se povezanost kroz opisane koncepte i
pridružene im nazive može pratiti od legenda o postanku
svijeta do danaÅ”njega koncepta suvremenog naÄina života
koji je usmjeren na njegovo kvalitativno i kreativno
odreÄenje.Language changes constantly, and the most frequent
changes occur in the lexicon ā the origination of new
extralinguistic phenomena results in a generation of new
words. The aim of this study was to analyse the selected
terms in kinesiology, the science that studies the patterns of controlling the process of physical exercise and the results
that this process has on the human organism ā sport,
recreation, recreational sport and fitness. The selected
examples were analysed in Croatian, English, German and
Italian. An attempt was made to show how sport, from fun in
general language, became a structured, goal-oriented,
contest-based, ludic physical activity in technical language,
that recreation is amusement, but also a recovery through
programmed sport activity within the concept of recreational
sport, and that fitness can be regarded as the striving for
optimal physical quality of life. The analysis showed how the
denotations of selected concepts vary, and that technical
terms should be considered within a context in order to select
the description that will ensure their understanding.
Movement is a metaphor of life ā their interrelationship may
be observed through the described concepts and the names
assigned to these concepts ā starting from the legends about
the genesis of the world to today\u27s concept of contemporary
life style that is aimed at its designation in terms of quality
and creativity.Die Sprache ist in unablƤssigem Wandel begriffen, und die
hƤufigsten VerƤnderungen betreffen den Wortschatz: Das
Erscheinen neuer auĆersprachlicher PhƤnomene bringt die
Entstehung neuer Wƶrter mit sich. In diesem Artikel sollen
bestimmte Begriffe analysiert werden, die in der
Sportwissenschaft gebrƤuchlich sind, welche sich den
GesetzmƤĆigkeiten gezielter sportlicher BetƤtigung und ihren
Auswirkungen auf den menschlichen Organismus widmet.
Diese Begriffe sind: Sport, Rekreation, sportliche Rekreation
und Fitness. Die Begriffe wurden im kroatischen, englischen,
deutschen und italienischem Sprachgebrauch analysiert. Die
Autorinnen bemĆ¼hten sich zu zeigen, dass aus dem
allgemeinsprachlichen Sport im Sinne von SpaĆ in der
Fachsprache eine strukturierte, zielorientierte, spielerische
und wettbewerbswillige AktivitƤt geworden ist; Rekreation ist
allgemeinsprachlich ebenfalls gleichbedeutend mit SpaĆ,
meint aber im Rahmen sportlicher Rekreation Erholung durch
vorprogrammierte sportliche AktivitƤt; wiederum Fitness kann als Streben nach optimaler kƶrperlicher LebensqualitƤt
betrachtet werden. Eine Analyse hat ergeben, dass die
Beschreibungen der angefĆ¼hrten Konzeptionen variieren und
dass es angeraten ist, FachausdrĆ¼cke im Kontext zu
betrachten, um diejenige Beschreibung zu wƤhlen, die auch
das richtige VerstƤndnis sichert. Bewegung ist eine Metapher
des Lebens. Der gegenseitige Bezug mittels der
beschriebenen Konzeptionen und der entsprechenden
Bezeichnungen kann belegt und mitverfolgt werden ā von
Legenden Ć¼ber die Entstehung der Welt bis hin zu unserem
heutigen modernen Lebenskonzept, das auf qualitativ
hochwertige und kreative Lebensbestimmung ausgerichtet ist
A NEW APPROACH IN THE KINESIOTHERAPEUTICAL PROGRAMME IN WORKING WITH PERSONS WITH CEREBRAL PALSY
Osobe s cerebralnom paralizom bile su ukljuÄene u novi kineziterapijski program koji je trajao Å”est mjeseci i održavao se u polivalentnom trim-kabinetu KinezioloÅ”koga fakulteta. Program se provodio jednom tjedno pod struÄnim vodstvom u trajanju od dva sata. Broj korisnika je bio od 8 do 10, u dobi od 25 do 35 godina.
Novi pristup kineziterapijskoga programa oÄitovao se u Äinjenici da su se sve kinezioloÅ”ke aktivnosti uvijek odvijale u invalidskim kolicima osoba s cerebralnom paralizom, dok su se po prvi put primijenile individualne vježbe na spravama. Za dolazak u dvoranu i kretanje po dvorani (dolazak do pojedine sprave za vježbanje, strunjaÄe, Å”vedskih ljestvi), sudionici su koristili razliÄita ortopedska pomagala (elektromotorna kolica, standardna invalidska kolica i hodalice). Stupanj invaliditeta pojedinoga korisnika zahtijevao je individualni
pristup pri provoÄenju programa. Zbog toga je broj prisutnih studenata bio isti kao i broj sudionika u programu. MetodiÄko-organizacijski oblici rada bili su prilagoÄeni osobama s cerebralnom paralizom, a realizirali su se u sklopu uvodnoga, glavnoga i zavrÅ”noga dijela kineziterapijskoga programa.
Takav naÄin rada zahtijevao je odreÄena znanja iz medicinskih znanosti (studenta-asistenta) koja se odnose na neuroloÅ”ku promjenu motoriÄkih sposobnosti (obrazaca) osoba s cerebralnom paralizom te poznavanje metodoloÅ”kih i metodiÄkih principa u kineziterapiji. Upravo takva sinteza znanja iz razliÄitih podruÄja (medicinskoga i kinezioloÅ”koga) bila je u funkciji interdisciplinarnoga pristupa kod osoba s cerebralnom paralizom s ciljem poboljÅ”anja cjelokupnoga
motoriÄkog statusa.Persons with cerebral palsy were included in a new kinesiotherapeutical programme lasting for six months and held in the new polyvalent gymnasium of the Faculty of Kinesiology. The programme was carried out for two hours once a week under professional guidance. There were 8 to 10 participants, aged 25 to 35.
The fact that all the participants took part in the kinesiotherapeutical activities in their wheelchairs speaks of a new approach in the kinesiotherapeutical programme. For the fi rst time, individual exercises on exercise machines were applied. To enter and move around the gym (reaching each exercise machine, the gym mat, stall bars), the participants used various orthopaedic devices (motor-driven wheelchairs, standard wheelchairs and walking frames). The disability level of each user required an individual approach in carrying out the programme. For this reason, the number of students present equalled the number of participants. The methodological-organisational aspects of this work were adapted to persons with cerebral palsy and were achieved through the introductory, main and closing part of the kinesiotherapeutical programme. This kind of work required specific knowledge in the field of medical science (student-assistants) related to the neurological changes of the motor skills of persons with cerebral palsy, as well as knowledge of the methodological and methodical principles in the field of kinesiotherapy. Such a synthesis of knowledge from different fields (medical and kinesiological) provided an interdisciplinary approach to persons with cerebral palsy for the purpose of improving the whole motor status
MODEL OBJEKTIVNOG UTVRÄIVANJA INICIJALNIH SKUPINA, NJIHOVOG STATUSA I ŽELJENIH CILJNIH FUNKCIJA TRANSFORMACIJA
A sample was used of 249 pupils at the age of 7 (+/- 2 months) who were described by 256 variables. For the needs of this paper and for an illustration of target functions, the sample was defined by two variants. In one variant, the sample was defined as the ability for continuous running for 3 minutes (MT3M), and in the other variant it was described as explosiveness, defined as a composite of many variables: long jump from a take-off point, throwing a ball into the distance, and running 20 metres from a standing start. For the stated reasons, the offered model in this paper enables the objectivising of determined groups within a sample defined in any way. The solution is
a suitable methodological interaction, in a way that such a solution should be created to respect the target functions (a) and taxonomic determination (b). Such a variant primarily respects the multivariant
demands in which the groups are recognised. In this sense, we established a Uditax procedure which taxonomises the test subjects on the basis of the spectral decomposition of the matrix of distances of the subjects themselves in standard space and after determining the number of real taxa by the entropic function. This procedure also identifies the representative subjects of such structures. The obtained taxa may, through any analysis of set redundancy (by regression or
canonical procedures), be brought into relation with a differently defined set of criteria-related parameters, i.e. the target function. This rounds up the model in a way that the taxa are grouped against the target functions in accordance with the multi-variant characteristics of individual groups. Using the Uditax procedure, groups were isolated, and, in accordance with normal distribution, the so-called underdeveloped and the athletic were hypothetically positioned on extreme sides, and along with them, the stocky and the underdeveloped, and in the middle the light entities. The discriminative analysis of taxonomic dimensions resulted in all four significant discriminative functions which were easily visualised and simple to interpret.Na uzorku od 249 uÄenika dobi 7 godina (+/- 2 mjeseca) koji su opisani sa 26 varijabli. Za potrebe ovog rada i ilustraciju funkcija cilja, definiran je uzorak kroz dvije varijante. U jednoj kao
sposobnost istrajnog trÄanja 3 minute (MT3M), a u drugoj kao sposobnost eksplozivnosti, koja je definirana kao kompozit od viÅ”e varijabli: skok u dalj s mjesta, bacanje loptice u daljinu, trÄanje 20
m iz visokog starta. Iz navedenih razloga, ponuƱeni model u ovom radu omoguÄava objektiviziranje utvrƱenih skupina unutar bilo kako definiranog uzorka. RjeÅ”enje je u odgovarajuÄoj metodoloÅ”koj interakciji, na naÄin da se oblikuje takva solucija koja Äe uvažiti i
funkcije cilja (a), i taksonomsku determinaciju (b). Takva varijanta, prije svega, uvažava multivarijantne zahtjeve po kojima se skupine prepoznaju. U tom smislu kreirana je Uditax procedura koja taksonomizira subjekte na temelju spektralne dekompozicije matrice udaljenosti samih subjekata u standardnom prostoru i nakon odluÄivanja o broju realnih taksona entropijskom funkcijom, identificira reprezentativne subjekte takve strukture. Dobiveni se taksoni mogu bilo kojim postupkom analize redundancije skupova (regresijski ili kanoniÄki postupci) dovesti u vezu s razliÄito definiranim skupom kriterijskih parametara tj. funkcija cilja. To zaokružuje model na naÄin da se taksoni svrstavaju na ciljane funkcije u skladu s multivarijantnim karakteristikama pojedine
skupine. Procedurom, Uditax izdvojene su skupine i u skladu s normalnom distribucijom, hipotetski na ekstremnim stranama bili pozicionirani t.zv. nerazvijeni i atletici, uz njih krupni i nerazvijeni, te
u sredini lagani entiteti. Diskriminativna analiza taksonomskih dimenzija rezultirala je sa sve Äetiri znaÄajne diskriminativne
funkcije, lako uoÄljive i jednostavne za interpretaciju
Zagreb Amblyopia Preschool Screening Study: near and distance visual acuity testing increase the diagnostic accuracy of screening for amblyopia
Aim To present and evaluate a new screening protocol for
amblyopia in preschool children.
Methods Zagreb Amblyopia Preschool Screening (ZAPS)
study protocol performed screening for amblyopia by
near and distance visual acuity (VA) testing of 15 648 children
aged 48-54 months attending kindergartens in the
City of Zagreb County between September 2011 and
June 2014 using Lea Symbols in lines test. If VA in either
eye was >0.1 logMAR, the child was re-tested, if failed at
re-test, the child was referred to comprehensive eye examination
at the Eye Clinic.
Results 78.04% of children passed the screening test. Estimated
prevalence of amblyopia was 8.08%. Testability,
sensitivity, and specificity of the ZAPS study protocol were
99.19%, 100.00%, and 96.68% respectively.
Conclusion The ZAPS study used the most discriminative
VA test with optotypes in lines as they do not underestimate
amblyopia. The estimated prevalence of amblyopia
was considerably higher than reported elsewhere. To the
best of our knowledge, the ZAPS study protocol reached
the highest sensitivity and specificity when evaluating diagnostic
accuracy of VA tests for screening. The pass level
defined at ā¤0.1 logMAR for 4-year-old children, using Lea
Symbols in lines missed no amblyopia cases, advocating
that both near and distance VA testing should be performed
when screening for amblyopia
Recommended from our members
The genetic history of the Southern Arc: a bridge between West Asia and Europe
By sequencing 727 ancient individuals from the Southern Arc (Anatolia and its neighbors in Southeastern Europe and West Asia) over 10,000 years, we contextualize its Chalcolithic period and Bronze Age (about 5000 to 1000 BCE), when extensive gene flow entangled it with the Eurasian steppe. Two streams of migration transmitted Caucasus and Anatolian/Levantine ancestry northward, and the Yamnaya pastoralists, formed on the steppe, then spread southward into the Balkans and across the Caucasus into Armenia, where they left numerous patrilineal descendants. Anatolia was transformed by intraāWest Asian gene flow, with negligible impact of the later Yamnaya migrations. This contrasts with all other regions where Indo-European languages were spoken, suggesting that the homeland of the Indo-Anatolian language family was in West Asia, with only secondary dispersals of non-Anatolian Indo-Europeans from the steppe
Levels of selected oxidative stress markers in the vitreous and serum of diabetic retinopathy patients
PURPOSE
In diabetes, an impaired antioxidant defense system contributes to the development of diabetic retinopathy. The main objective of this paper was to find correlations of oxidative stress parameters within and between the vitreous and serum in patients with type 2 diabetes who had developed proliferative diabetic retinopathy. ----- METHODS
The study included and compared two groups of patients who underwent vitrectomy: 37 patients with type 2 diabetes and proliferative retinopathy (PDR), and 50 patients with non-diabetic eye disorders (NDED). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), advanced oxidized protein product (AOPP), and oxidative stress markers (direct lipid hydroperoxidation (LPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), total superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH)) were measured in the vitreous and serum of both groups and correlated with one another, between humoral compartments and with gender, age, and serum glucose levels. ----- RESULTS
In the vitreous of PDR patients, VEGF, LPO, and MDA (p<0.05) were increased and SOD values were slightly lowered (p<0.05) than in NDED patients. Vitreous AOPP and GSH showed no differences between the groups. In the serum, AOPP, MDA, and SOD were increased (p<0.05) and VEGF was slightly increased (p<0.05) in the PDR group compared to NDED. With regard to gender, similar changes were recorded for both groups, except for the lower serum MDA in males than females in the NDED group. Advanced age showed no significant effect on changes of measured parameters in the vitreous. In the serum, VEGF was positively correlated (p<0.05) and MDA and SOD negatively correlated (p<0.05) with increasing age. Among measured parameters within and between the vitreous and serum, several correlative links occurred in the PDR group that were not present in the NDED group. The most prominent correlation changes were between serum LPO and vitreal LPO, serum SOD and vitreal LPO, serum LPO and serum SOD, and vitreal VEGF and serum SOD. ----- CONCLUSIONS
Among the selected oxidative stress markers, SOD and LPO were highly correlative in both the vitreous and serum in PDR compared to patients without metabolic disorders. Their correlations suggested that monitoring their mutual alterations might be informative during PDR development and should be considered in further research