Thermal properties of epoxy–anhydride formulations cured using phosphonium accelerators

© 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. Influence of structure of epoxy resin and anhydride hardener, as well as type and content of accelerator on thermal properties of epoxy–anhydride networks were investigated by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The experimental values of molecular weight between crosslinks (Mc) in the epoxy polymers were determined. Influence of the catalyst on defect structure of the polymer network was observed. The use of two phosphonium salts as curing accelerators to a greater extent than 2-methylimidazole allows fabricating polymers with a higher crosslink density. The concentration dependence of polymer’s thermal properties was studied and the optimum content of the accelerator giving the network with improved properties was determined

An efficient strategy for the development of tourism at regional level

Tourism promotes the development of small and medium-sized business, an increase in employment and self-employment, and allows smoothing the disproportions of territorial development. The objective of this work is to study the modern state of the tourism industry and to reveal the strategical development trends of tourism in the regions of the Southern Federal District (SFD). The statistical data of Rosstat (Federal Service of State Statistics), Federal Agency for Tourism, the database of the EMISS (Unified Interdepartmental Statistical Information System) and other open sources of information were used as the sources of secondary information. The practical part of the research is based upon the application of the author’s method of estimation of the current state of the tourism industry in the regions that presupposes the calculation of the complex index of tourism development in the region. The results of the performed research allowed classifying the regions according to the level of tourism development and determining the strategies of competitiveness improvement of the regional touristic products on its base.peer-reviewe

Rheological properties of epoxy oligomers and their mixtures in a wide temperature range

The rheological properties of a series of epoxy-diane and epoxy-novolac oligomers and active diluents were studied in a wide temperature range. The activation energies of their viscous flow in the regions of low and high temperatures were calculated. In a series of active diluents, the efficiency of decreasing viscosity of their mixtures with epoxy oligomers correlates with the glass transition temperature of the diluent. © 2014 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc

Structure-property and composition-property relationships for poly(ethylene terephthalate) surfaces modified by helium plasma-based ion implantation

The surfaces of untreated and helium plasma-based ion implantation (He PBII) treated poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) samples were characterised by reflectance colorimetry, contact angle studies and measurements of surface electrical resistance. The results were related to the structural and compositional data obtained by the authors earlier on parallel samples by XPS and Raman spectroscopy. Inverse correlations between lightness and ID/IG ratio and between chroma and ID/IG ratio were obtained, suggesting that the PBII-treated PET samples darken and their colourfulness decreases with the increase of the portion of aromatic sp2 carbon rings in the chemical structure of the modified layer. Direct correlation between water contact angle and the ID/IG ratio and inverse correlations between surface energy and ID/IG ratio and between dispersive component of surface energy and ID/IG ratio were found, reflecting that surface wettability, surface energy and its dispersive component decrease with the formation of surface structure, characterised again by enhanced portion of aromatic sp2 carbon rings. The surface electrical resistance decreased with the increase of the surface C-content determined by XPS and also with the increase of the surface concentration of conjugated double bonds, reflected by the increase of the pi-pi* shake-up satellite of the C 1s peak

ТРАВМА ОРБИТЫ: СУДЕБНО-МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА ЕЕ ИСХОДОВ

Functional assessment of visual system in orbital traumas is very important both for practical treatment and in further forensic medical examination of victims. The aim of our clinical studies was to reason the differentiated approach in determining the severity of harm to the health in case of orbital trauma combined with mild craniocerebral injury. Thirty-four patients with orbital trauma have been studied within a period of 3 weeks — 2.5 months after the injury. A comprehensive check of the ophthalmologic status as performed including standard and precise methods of testing the retina and the optic nerve. An overall examination allowed to exclude eye disorders in patients with orbital trauma combined with mild craniocerebral injury, which provided an objective approach in determining the severity of harm caused to the health.Оценка функционального состояния зрительного анализатора при травмах орбиты весьма важна как для практической врачебной работы, так и для последующей судебно-медицинской экспертизы пострадавших. Клинические исследования были проведены с целью обоснования дифференцированного подхода к квалификации степени вреда здоровью при травме орбиты в сочетании с черепно-мозговой травмой (ЧМТ) легкой степени тяжести. Обследованы 34 пациента с травмой орбиты в сроки от 3 нед до 2,5 мес после травмы, проведена комплексная оценка офтальмологического статуса с использованием стандартных и высокоточных методов оценки состояния сетчатки и зрительного нерва. Комплексное обследование пациентов позволило исключить наличие патологии органа зрения при травме орбиты, сочетанной с ЧМТ легкой степени тяжести, что должно обеспечить объективный подход в квалификации степени тяжести вреда здоровью

Electrospray Ionization with High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry as a Tool for Lignomics: Lignin Mass Spectrum Deconvolution

Capability to characterize lignin, lignocellulose, and their degradation products is essential for development of new renewable feedstocks. Electrospray ionization high-resolution time-offlight mass spectrometry (ESI HR TOF MS) method was developed expanding the lignomics toolkit while targeting the simultaneous detection of low and high molecular weight (MW) lignin species. The effect of a broad range of electrolytes and various ionization conditions on ion formation and ionization effectiveness was studied using a suite of mono-, di- and triarene lignin model compounds as well as intact lignin. Contrary to the previous studies, the positive ionization mode was found to be more effective for methoxy-substituted arenes and polyphenols, i.e., species of a broadly varied MW structurally similar to the native lignin. For the first time, we report an effective formation of multiply charged species of lignin with the subsequent mass spectrum deconvolution in the presence of 100 mmol·L-1 formic acid in the positive ESI mode. The developed method enabled the detection of lignin species with an MW between 150 and 9,000 Da or higher, depending on the mass analyzer. The obtained Mn and Mw values of 1,500 and 2,500 Da, respectively, were in good agreement with those determined by gel permeation chromatography. Furthermore, the deconvoluted ESI mass spectrum was similar to that obtained with matrixassisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) TOF MS, yet featuring a higher signal-to-noise ratio. The formation of multiply charged species was confirmed with ESI ion mobility HR Q-TOF MS

Assessment of the economic effect of regionalization of supply of pharmaceuticals produced in the UrFO

The purpose of the study is to assess the logistics parameters for the supply of medicines produced in the Ural Federal District for the formation of science-based programs for the market distribution of products of the Ural pharmaceutical plants.Цель исследования – оценка логистических параметров поставок лекарственных препаратов, произведенных в УрФО для формирования научно-обоснованных программ рыночного распределения продукции Уральских фармацевтических заводов

Resolution on the results of the First All-Russian Forum "Therapeutic Education in Endocrinology"

According to the decision of the WHO, therapeutic education (TE) of patients is an independent branch of medicine and an essential component of the treatment of chronic diseases, primarily diabetes mellitus and obesity. TE is implemented through the creation of “Schools for patients with diabetes mellitus” and “Schools for patients with overweight” (“Schools”) as a structural unit of a medical institution. On April 25–26, 2022, the First All-Russian Forum «Therapeutic Education in Endocrinology» was held online, organized by the Public Organization «Russian Association of Endocrinologists», which was attended by leading experts in this field. As a result of its work, this Resolution was adopted by the experts. It discusses the methodological and pedagogical foundations of TE, it is proposed to make changes related to the organization of the work of «Schools», tariffing in the obligatory health insurance system, and training of personnel, including nurses

Effect of garlic on blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at the publisher's website.Background: Non-pharmacological treatment options for hypertension have the potential to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease at a population level. Animal studies have suggested that garlic reduces blood pressure, but primary studies in humans and non-systematic reviews have reported mixed results. With interest in complementary medicine for hypertension increasing, it is timely to update a systematic review and meta-analysis from 1994 of studies investigating the effect of garlic preparations on blood pressure. Methods: We searched the Medline and Embase databases for studies published between 1955 and October 2007. Randomised controlled trials with true placebo groups, using garlic-only preparations, and reporting mean systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) and standard deviations were included in the meta-analysis. We also conducted subgroup meta-analysis by baseline blood pressure (hypertensive/normotensive), for the first time. Meta-regression analysis was performed to test the associations between blood pressure outcomes and duration of treatment, dosage, and blood pressure at start of treatment. Results: Eleven of 25 studies included in the systematic review were suitable for meta-analysis. Meta-analysis of all studies showed a mean decrease of 4.6 ± 2.8 mm Hg for SBP in the garlic group compared to placebo (n = 10; p = 0.001), while the mean decrease in the hypertensive subgroup was 8.4 ± 2.8 mm Hg for SBP (n = 4; p < 0.001), and 7.3 ± 1.5 mm Hg for DBP (n = 3; p < 0.001). Regression analysis revealed a significant association between blood pressure at the start of the intervention and the level of blood pressure reduction (SBP: R = 0.057; p = 0.03; DBP: R = -0.315; p = 0.02). Conclusion: Our meta-analysis suggests that garlic preparations are superior to placebo in reducing blood pressure in individuals with hypertension.Karin Ried, Oliver R. Frank, Nigel P. Stocks, Peter Fakler and Thomas Sulliva