On linear coupling of acoustic and cyclotron waves in plasma flows

It is found that in magnetized electrostatic plasma flows the velocity shear couples ion-acoustic waves with ion-cyclotron waves and leads, under favorable conditions, to their efficient reciprocal transformations. It is shown that in a two-dimensional setup this coupling has a remarkable feature: it is governed by equations that are exactly similar to the ones describing coupling of sound waves with internal gravity waves [Rogava & Mahajan: Phys. Rev. E vol.55, 1185 (1997)] in neutral fluid flows. Using another noteworthy quantum mechanical analogy we calculate transformation coefficients and give fully analytic, quantitative description of the coupling efficiency for flows with low shearing rates.Comment: 5 pages, no figures. Submitted to "Physics of Plasmas

Random Graph-Homomorphisms and Logarithmic Degree

A graph homomorphism between two graphs is a map from the vertex set of one graph to the vertex set of the other graph, that maps edges to edges. In this note we study the range of a uniformly chosen homomorphism from a graph G to the infinite line Z. It is shown that if the maximal degree of G is `sub-logarithmic', then the range of such a homomorphism is super-constant. Furthermore, some examples are provided, suggesting that perhaps for graphs with super-logarithmic degree, the range of a typical homomorphism is bounded. In particular, a sharp transition is shown for a specific family of graphs C_{n,k} (which is the tensor product of the n-cycle and a complete graph, with self-loops, of size k). That is, given any function psi(n) tending to infinity, the range of a typical homomorphism of C_{n,k} is super-constant for k = 2 log(n) - psi(n), and is 3 for k = 2 log(n) + psi(n)

Eksplorasi Keanekaragaman Aktinomisetes Tanah Ternate Sebagai Sumber Antibiotik

Exploration of Soil Actinomycetes Diversity from Ternate as Indigenous Antibiotic Sources.Actinomycetes of soil samples from Ternate, North Moluccas were isolated using SDS-YEmethod in humic acid vitamin agar. Ternate has high abundance of Actinomycetes, approximately6.00 – 487 x 104 CFU/ g soil, depends on habitat types. We have selected 60 isolates andconducted antibiotic screening against pathogenic bacteria and fungi using agar diffusionmethod and found both narrow and broad antibiotic spectrum types . Based on 16S rDNAanalysis, all Actinomycetes with antibiotic activities are belong to the genus Streptomyces. .Minimum Inhibitor Concentration (MIC) value was determined by broth microdilution method.It was found that MIC values varied, depended on microbial tested. We found two isolateswith higher antibiotic activity compared to the commercial antibiotics (chloramphenicol,erythromycin for antibacterial and nystatin, kabicidin for antifungal). Cell destruction analysiscaused antibiotic activities was conducted through leak of protein and nuclatic acid

Impairment of methyl cycle affects mitochondrial methyl availability and glutathione level in Down's Sindrome

In Down's syndrome there is evidence that increased gene expression coding for specific cystathionine beta-synthase translates directly into biochemical aberrations, which result in a biochemical and metabolic imbalance of the methyl status. This event is destined to impact mitochondrial function since methylation is a necessary event in mitochondria and relies on the availability and uptake of the methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine. Indeed mitochondrial dysfunctions have been widely described in Down's syndrome, but they have never been correlated to a possible mitochondrial methyl unbalance. In the present study we find that the mitochondrial levels of S-adenosylmethionine are reduced in Down's syndrome compared to control cells demonstrating the effect of the methyl unbalance on mitochondria. The possible role of methylation in mitochondria is discussed and some preliminary results on a possible methylation target are presented

Impairment of methyl cycle affects mitochondrial methyl availability and glutathione level in Down's Sindrome

In Down's syndrome there is evidence that increased gene expression coding for specific cystathionine beta-synthase translates directly into biochemical aberrations, which result in a biochemical and metabolic imbalance of the methyl status. This event is destined to impact mitochondrial function since methylation is a necessary event in mitochondria and relies on the availability and uptake of the methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine. Indeed mitochondrial dysfunctions have been widely described in Down's syndrome, but they have never been correlated to a possible mitochondrial methyl unbalance. In the present study we find that the mitochondrial levels of S-adenosylmethionine are reduced in Down's syndrome compared to control cells demonstrating the effect of the methyl unbalance on mitochondria. The possible role of methylation in mitochondria is discussed and some preliminary results on a possible methylation target are presented

Kerjasama Antar Notaris dalam Bentuk Persekutuan Perdata

Berlakunya Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2004 tentang Jabatan Notaris (untuk selanjutnya disebut UUJN) melahirkan perkembangan hukum di bidang kenotariatan yaitu perserikatan perdata sebagai bentuk kerjasama antar Notaris sebagaimana di atur dalam Pasal 20. Menindaklanjuti Pasal 20 ayat (3) UUJN, diterbitkanlah Peraturan Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Republik Indonesia Nomor M.HH.01.02.12 Tahun 2010 tentang Persyaratan Menjalankan Jabatan Notaris Dalam Bentuk Perserikatan Perdata. Permasalahan muncul ketika diundangkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2004 tentang Jabatan Notaris (untuk selanjutnya disebut UUJN-P) yang menghapus ketentuan Pasal 20 ayat (3) UUJN dengan menimbulkan akibat hukum bahwa ketentuan lebih lanjut sebagaimana Peraturan Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Republik Indonesia Nomor M.HH.01.02.12 Tahun 2010 tidak lagi berlaku. Peraturan pelaksana ini sesungguhnya sangat diperlukan, mengingat dalam Pasal 20 maupun dalam Penjelasan Pasal 20 UUJN-P ini tidak memberikan definisi yang konkrit mengenai persekutuan perdata. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan karakteristik persekutuan perdata Notaris yang diatur dalam UUJN-P adalah persekutuan yang bertujuan tidak menjalankan Perusahaan dalam artian komersil dan keuntungan bukan menjadi orientasi bagi para Notaris yang bergabung dalam persekutuan perdata Notaris. Persekutuan perdata Notaris ini merupakan kantor bersama. Klien yang datang pada persekutuan perdata Notaris, nantinya akan menghadap pada salah satu Notaris yang tergabung di dalam persekutuan perdata Notaris tersebut, sehingga yang bertanggung jawab terhadap klien tersebut adalah Notaris yang bersangkutan

Prenatal Insecticide Exposures and Birth Weight and Length among an Urban Minority Cohort

We reported previously that insecticide exposures were widespread among minority women in New York City during pregnancy and that levels of the organophosphate chlorpyrifos in umbilical cord plasma were inversely associated with birth weight and length. Here we expand analyses to include additional insecticides (the organophosphate diazinon and the carbamate propoxur), a larger sample size (n = 314 mother–newborn pairs), and insecticide measurements in maternal personal air during pregnancy as well as in umbilical cord plasma at delivery. Controlling for potential confounders, we found no association between maternal personal air insecticide levels and birth weight, length, or head circumference. For each log unit increase in cord plasma chlorpyrifos levels, birth weight decreased by 42.6 g [95% confidence interval (CI), −81.8 to −3.8, p = 0.03] and birth length decreased by 0.24 cm (95% CI, −0.47 to −0.01, p = 0.04). Combined measures of (ln)cord plasma chlorpyrifos and diazinon (adjusted for relative potency) were also inversely associated with birth weight and length (p < 0.05). Birth weight averaged 186.3 g less (95% CI, −375.2 to −45.5) among newborns with the highest compared with lowest 26% of exposure levels (p = 0.01). Further, the associations between birth weight and length and cord plasma chlorpyrifos and diazinon were highly significant (p ≤ 0.007) among newborns born before the 2000–2001 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s regulatory actions to phase out residential use of these insecticides. Among newborns born after January 2001, exposure levels were substantially lower, and no association with fetal growth was apparent (p > 0.8). The propoxur metabolite 2-isopropoxyphenol in cord plasma was inversely associated with birth length, a finding of borderline significance (p = 0.05) after controlling for chlorpyrifos and diazinon. Results indicate that prenatal chlorpyrifos exposures have impaired fetal growth among this minority cohort and that diazinon exposures may have contributed to the effects. Findings support recent regulatory action to phase out residential uses of the insecticides