ANÁLISE DOS INDICADORES DE GESTÃO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE RIACHO DAS ALMAS-PE

Factors such as population and economic growth, along with the change in the lifestyle of society, provide in the increase in the generation of solid waste, consequently measures are being taken to mitigate negative environmental impacts. With this, the importance of evaluating indicators to verify the current local situation and implement municipal waste planning. Thus, this work aims to perform a diagnosis of these indicators in the municipality of Riacho das Almas - PE. With a field survey together with those provided by the SNIS, the following indicators were verified: collection services, Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), Civil Construction Waste (RCC), per capita generation, gravimetry, collection frequency and workers involved. And calculated some indicators for comparison with the current situation of the municipality. The city does not have a management plan, but all the waste generated in transported to a landfill of a nearby municipality, however does not meet the collection for the whole city, few operators and machinery for the current situation, without educational incentive and selective collection. It was concluded the need for elaboration and implementation of a PMGIRS.Factores como la población y el crecimiento económico, junto con el cambio en el estilo de vida de la sociedad, propician el aumento de la generación de residuos sólidos, por lo que se están tomando medidas para mitigar los impactos ambientales negativos. Con esto, la importancia de evaluar indicadores para verificar la situación local actual e implementar la planificación de residuos municipales. Por lo tanto, este trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar un diagnóstico de estos indicadores en el municipio de Riacho das Almas - PE. Con una encuesta de campo junto con las proporcionadas por el SNIS, se verificaron los siguientes indicadores: servicios de recolección, residuos sólidos urbanos (RSU), residuos de construcción civil (RCC), generación per cápita, gravimetría, frecuencia de recolección y trabajadores involucrados. Y calculó algunos indicadores para compararlos con la situación actual del municipio. La ciudad no tiene un plan de gestión, pero todos los residuos generados son transportados a un vertedero de un municipio cercano, sin embargo no cumple con la recogida para toda la ciudad, pocos operarios y maquinaria para la situación actual, sin incentivo educativo y recogida selectiva. Se llegó a la conclusión de la necesidad de elaborar y aplicar un PMGIRS.Fatores como o crescimento populacional e econômico, juntamente com a mudança no estilo de vida da sociedade, proporcionam no aumento da geração de resíduos sólidos, consequentemente medidas estão sendo tomadas para mitigar os impactos ambientais negativos. Com isso, a importância de avaliar indicadores para verificar a situação atual local e implementar planejamentos dos resíduos municipais. Com isso, esse trabalho visa realizar um diagnóstico desses indicadores no município de Riacho das Almas - PE. Com levantamento em campo juntamente com os fornecidos pelo SNIS, foram verificados os indicadores: serviços de coleta, Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU), Resíduos da Construção Civil (RCC), geração per capita, gravimetria, frequência de coleta e trabalhadores envolvidos. E calculados alguns indicadores para comparação com a situação atual do município. A cidade não possui plano de gestão, porém todo o resíduo gerado em transportado para um aterro de um município próximo, no entanto não atende a coleta para toda a cidade, poucos operadores e maquinários para a situação atual, sem incentivo educacional e coleta seletiva. Concluiu-se a necessidade de elaboração e implantação de uma PMGIRS.Fatores como o crescimento populacional e econômico, juntamente com a mudança no estilo de vida da sociedade, proporcionam no aumento da geração de resíduos sólidos, consequentemente medidas estão sendo tomadas para mitigar os impactos ambientais negativos. Com isso, a importância de avaliar indicadores para verificar a situação atual local e implementar planejamentos dos resíduos municipais. Com isso, esse trabalho visa realizar um diagnóstico desses indicadores no município de Riacho das Almas - PE. Com levantamento em campo juntamente com os fornecidos pelo SNIS, foram verificados os indicadores: serviços de coleta, Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU), Resíduos da Construção Civil (RCC), geração per capita, gravimetria, frequência de coleta e trabalhadores envolvidos. E calculados alguns indicadores para comparação com a situação atual do município. A cidade não possui plano de gestão, porém todo o resíduo gerado em transportado para um aterro de um município próximo, no entanto não atende a coleta para toda a cidade, poucos operadores e maquinários para a situação atual, sem incentivo educacional e coleta seletiva. Concluiu-se a necessidade de elaboração e implantação de uma PMGIRS

Unexpected formation of bis-pyrazolyl derivatives by solid support coupled with microwave irradiation

Starting from 1,3-dimethyl-5-aminopyrazole 1 and p-substituted benzaldehydes 2 (R=H, CH3, NO2), four different compounds have been obtained: the Schiff bases 4, a bis-pyrazolyl Schiff base 6a (R=H), the expected bispyrazolo[3,4-b;4′,3′-e]pyridine 7b (R=CH3) and the carbinol derived from the Schiff base 8c (R=NO2). The products have been characterised by MS, NMR (1H and 13C) and X-ray crystallography (in the case of 6a). A proposal for the relationships between the different compounds and a possible mechanism is presented.Peer reviewe

Estudo experimental e teórico da redução de bases de Schiff derivadas da 3,3-difenilpropilamina

A series of seven Schiff bases have been synthesized from 3,3-diphenylpropilamine and substituted benzaldehydes. These imines were treated with NaBH4 in ethanol affording the corresponding amines in 98-55% yields. A molecular modeling study was performed with the Schiff bases in order to compare the theoretical parameters with the experimental results. The theoretical parameters were obtained by AM1 and PM3 semi-empirical methods. The analysis of charge, electron densities and LUMO coefficients suggested that the most favorable interactions should occur with Schiff bases containing electron-donating groups, in accordance with experimental yields, showing that the higher reactivity is due to higher electrophilic character of imine carbons

A Novel ZnII Complex Bearing Two Monodentate (4-Methoxyphenyl)[(1E, 2E)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ilidene] Schiff Bases: Crystal Structure and DFT Study

A novel ZnII complex bearing two monodentate (4-methoxyphenyl)[(1E, 2E)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ilidene] Schiff bases was synthesized and investigated both in the solid state by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, and FTIR and in solution by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The complex crystallizes in the P21/c monoclinic space group. The asymmetric unit contains one ZnII ion coordinated to two Schiff base ligands and two chloride ions, in a distorted tetrahedral geometry. The title complex was also investigated by DFT, using the hybrid functional B3LYP with basis set 6-31G++, which reproduced the geometry and structural features of the complex in the crystal, and was used to assign the main bands in the FTIR spectrum. In solution, the complex maintains its integrity against decomposition to the parent reagents

Cytotoxic activities against Ehrlich carcinoma and human K562 leukaemia of alkaloids and flavonoid from two Solanum Species

Steroidal alkaloids, flavonoids and their glycosides occurring in numerous species of Solanum genus are known to possess a variety of biological activities. The flavonoid tiriloside (1), a rich in glycoalkaloids total fraction named GB and the glycoalkaloid solasonine (2) isolated from thricomes of young branches and fruits from Solanum crinitum Lam, and the aglycone solasodine (3) isolated from Solanum jabrense Agra & M. Nee, were assayed against murine Ehrlich carcinoma and human K562 leukaemia cultured cells. The exposure in vitro of these cancer cells to these products resulted in a dose-dependent growth inhibition evaluated by the MTT method. The results indicated significant cytotoxic activities with IC50 = 69.50 muM, 19.5 mug mL-1, and 74.20 muM for 1, GB and 2, respectively, against Ehrlich carcinoma, and IC50 = 186.50 muM, 13.65 mug mL-1 and 76.92 muM, for 1, GB, 2 and 2a, respectively, against K562 leukaemia cells. The low activity of the aglycone 3 indicates that the role of the sugar moiety is very important in the cytotoxic activity of glycoalkaloid solsonine. The cytotoxic activity revealed by the GB fraction may be attributed to the presence of 2. Additionally, these results show the viability of the MTT assay for monitoring phytochemical bioactive compounds

Solvent-Free Synthesis, DNA-Topoisomerase II Activity and Molecular Docking Study of New Asymmetrically N,N'-Substituted Ureas

A new series of asymmetrically N,N'-substituted ureas 20–25 was prepared using solvent free conditions, which is an eco-friendly methodology, starting with Schiff bases derived from cinnamaldehyde and p-substituted anilines, which are subsequently submitted to reduction reactions that afford the corresponding asymmetric secondary amines. All of the intermediates were prepared using solvent free reactions, which were compared to traditional methodologies. All of the reactions required a remarkably short amount of time and provided good yields when solvent free conditions were employed compared to other methodologies. The DNA-topoisomerase II-α (topo II-α) activity was evaluated in relaxation assays, which showed that all of the compounds inhibited the enzyme activity at 10 μM, except for urea 24. Furthermore, a molecular docking study indicated that the compounds 20–25 binding to the topo II-α are able to interact with the same binding site as the anticancer drug etoposide, suggesting that the ureas could inhibit the enzyme by the same mechanism of action observed for etoposide, which prevents re-ligation of the DNA strands