PENGARUH WEB SITE SEBAGAI ONLINE MARKETING COMMUNICATION TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN BERKUNJUNG WISATAWAN

Lembang merupakan salah satu dari sekian banyak destinasi wisata yang terdapat di Jawa Barat dan terus mengalami peningkatan pariwisata setiap tahunnya, terbukti dengan munculnya berbagai macam alternatif pilihan baru untuk daya tarik wisatanya. Perkembangan pariwisata di era globalisasi tentunya selaras dengan perkembangan teknologi dan informasi, salah satunya yaitu dengan kehadiran internet. Internet menciptakan suatu sistem informasi dimana seakan-akan dunia tidak mempunyai batasan secara ruang dan waktu, sehingga memudahkan orang-orang untuk mencari informasi yang diinginkan secara efektif termasuk informasi terntang suatu daya tarik wisata. Floating Market Lembang menggunakan media internet dalam bentuk website sebagai salah satu media promosi untuk menginformasikan jasa, layanan dan fasilitas yang mereka tawarkan kepada wisatawan dan sebagai salah satu cara untuk menarik minat wisatawan agar berkunjung ke Floating Market Lembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran website sebagai online marketing communication, gambaran tingkat keputusan berkunjung wisatawan dan pengaruh website sebagai online marketing communication terhadap keputusan berkunjung wisatawan. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah wisatawan yang pernah berkunjung ke website Floating Market Lembang. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah website sebagai online marketing communication (X). Sedangkan variabel terikat pada penelitian ini adalah keputusan berkunjung wisatawan (Y). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan verifikatif, dengan metode explanatory survey dan pendekatan cross sectional. Sedangkan tenik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis regresi berganda dengan program SPSS 20.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa website sebagai online marketing communication memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap keputusan berkunjung wisatawan. Pengaruh dengan perolehan nilai tertinggi adalah dialogic loop dan yg terendah adalah return visit. Adapun saran-saran untuk perusahaan dalam meningkatkan keputusan berkunjung wisatawan seperti menciptakan sistem membership dengan masa aktif selama satu tahun dan program promosi lainnya seperti holiday with family dengan keuntungan yang menarik bagi wisatawan. ---------- Lembang is one of the tourism destination in West Java which has a progress development in tourism field year by year, proven by the appearance of the new tourism attractions. The development of the tourism in globalization era is alongside with the development of technology and information, one of it development is the Internet. Internet create an information system which has no space and no time limitation, so people can easily and effectively search for the information they want anytime and anywhere, including information about tourism destination throughout the world. Floating Market Lembang use the internet media such Website as their promotional tools to inform people about their products, services and facilities and also to attract people to visit them. The goal of this research is to know the image of Website as Online Marketing Communication, tourist visit decision level and the effect of the Website as Online Marketing Communication towards tourist visit decision. Object of this research are tourists who has been visit Floating Market Lembang official website. The Independent variable of this research is website as online marketing communication and the dependent variable is visit decision. This research use descriptive and verificative method, also using explanatory survey and cross sectional approach. The analysis technique used Multiple Regression Analysis with SPSS 20.0 Program. The result of this research shows that website as online marketing communication has a significant influence to the tourist visit decision. The strongest influence is contributed from dialogic loop; meanwhile the return visit has less contribution to the tourist visit decision. There are any suggestions to improve the tourist visit decision in Floating Market Lembang such create a membership program and another holiday promotion program such holiday with family with interesting benefit for the tourists who come to Floating Market Lembang

Grid-connected cabin preheating of Electric Vehicles in cold climates – A non-flexible share of the EV energy use

The number of EVs is increasing globally. In cold climates, it is generally recommended to use electricity from the grid to preheat the EV cabin before using the car, to extend driving ranges, to ensure comfort, and for safety. A majority of such preheating sessions are happening in the morning hours during the winter, when there is also a high demand for other energy use. It is thus important to understand the power loads for grid-connected preheating of EV cabins. This work presents an experimental study, with 51 preheating sessions of five typical EV models during different outdoor temperatures. The results of the study showed that during the preheating sessions, most of the EVs had a power use of between 3 and 8 kW initially, which was reduced to about 2 to 4 kW after a 10 to 20 min initial period. For most of the sessions, the preheating lasted between 15 and 45 min. The preheating energy use was found to be up to 2 kWh for most EVs, with a maximum of 5 kWh. Multiple linear regression models were developed, to investigate the relationship between various variables and the energy use for preheating. Finally, hourly energy loads for EV cabin preheating were compared to other energy loads in apartment buildings. The power and energy loads for preheating EV cabins are affected by a number of parameters, such as the specific EV, charge point, preheating duration, temperature levels, and user habits.publishedVersio

Zero Village Bergen. Energy system analysis

Based on discussions with the project partners, three possible solutions have been investigated for the energy system of Zero Village Bergen: 1. District Heating (DH) 2. Biomass fired Combined Heat and Power (Bio CHP) 3. Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) When comparing the three systems against one another, two sets of key performance indicators are considered: ZEB target and system cost. Furthermore, technical system performance indicators are also calculated, but are not used to compare the systems because either they do not have an implicit goodor-bad value (e.g. thermal capacity) or such value is already embedded in the other indicators. The results show that, with the conversion factors used in this study, only the Bio CHP system meets the ZEB balance target, actually achieving a slightly negative balance; see Figure below left). Furthermore, the results show that while the DH system has the highest operational cost (and minimum investment cost) and the Bio CHP system has the highest investment cost (and intermediate operational cost), the two end up having approximately the same global cost. The GSHP system has the lowest operational cost (and intermediate investment cost) and ends up with the lowest global cost; significantly lower than the two other systems; see Figure below right)...publishedVersio

A database tool for systematic analysis of embodied emissions in buildings and neighborhoods

There is a growing body of research on the embodied emissions of individual buildings, but the results and methods remain mostly inaccessible and incomparable due to insufficient reported information, and differences in system boundaries, methods, and data used. This inhibits further utilization of the results in statistical applications and makes interpretation and validation of results difficult. The database tool presented in this paper attempts to mitigate these challenges by systematizing and storing all relevant information for these studies in a compatible format. The tool enables comparison of results across system boundaries, improves the transparency and reproducibility of the assessments, and makes utilization of the results in statistical applications possible. Statistical applications include embodied emission benchmarking, identifying emission drivers, and quantifying relationships between variables. Other applications of the tool include the assessment of embodied emissions of buildings and neighborhoods. This paper presents the tool and exemplifies its use with preliminary results based on a dataset of 11 buildings. Work is ongoing to expand the dataset, which will provide more comprehensive results

A method for generating complete EV charging datasets and analysis of residential charging behaviour in a large Norwegian case study

Electric vehicles (EVs) are part of the solution to achieve global carbon emissions reduction targets, and the number of EVs is increasing worldwide. Increased demand for EV charging can challenge the grid capacity of power distribution systems. Smart charging is therefore becoming an increasingly important topic, and availability of high-grade EV charging data is needed for analysing and modelling of EV charging and related energy flexibility. This study provides a set of methodologies for transforming real-world and commonly available EV charging data into easy-to-use EV charging datasets necessary for conducting a range of different EV studies. More than 35,000 residential charging sessions are analysed. The datasets include realistic predictions of battery capacities, charging power, and plug-in State-of-Charge (SoC) for each of the EVs, along with plug-in/plug-out times, and energy charged. Finally, we analyse how residential charging behaviour is affected by EV battery capacity and charging power. The results show a considerable potential for shifting residential EV charging in time, especially from afternoon/evenings to night-time. Such shifting of charging loads can reduce the grid burden resulting from residential EV charging. The potential for a single EV user to shift EV charging in time increases with higher EV charging power, more frequent connections, and longer connection times. The proposed methods provide the basis for assessing current and future EV charging behaviour, data-driven energy flexibility characterization, analysis, and modelling of EV charging loads and EV integration into power grids.publishedVersio

Time is of essence; rapid identification of veterinary pathogens using MALDI TOF

Rapid and accurate identification of microbial pathogens is a cornerstone for timely and correct treatment of diseases of livestock and fish. The utility of the MALDI-TOF technique in the diagnostic laboratory is directly related to the quality of mass spectra and quantity of different microbial species in the database. Since commercial MALDI-TOF spectral database providers mainly focus on human pathogens there is a need for improving the datasets in order to extend the applicability of the technique to the veterinary field. Here we report upgrading of a commercial MALDI-TOF database with the mass spectra of fish and mastitis pathogens as well as pathogens relevant for surveillance of diseases in farm animals and wildlife

Når glassveggen knuses En kvalitativ studie av menneskers erfaringer med å vokse opp i og bryte med lukkede, religiøse trossamfunn

I Norge finnes det lukkede, religiøse trossamfunn med strenge krav og forventninger til medlemmenes tro, livsstil og levesett, hvor noen praktiserer eksklusjon av medlemmer (Skoglund et al., 2008). Denne masteroppgaven er en kvalitativ studie som undersøker erfaringene og opplevelsene til ti tidligere medlemmer av lukkede religiøse trossamfunn; hvordan det var å bryte ut fra trossamfunnene og hvordan livet utenfor trossamfunnet har vært. I oppgaven har vi utforsket følgende problemstilling: Hvilke erfaringer har mennesker med å vokse opp i og bryte ut av lukkede, religiøse trossamfunn som praktiserer ekskludering av deres medlemmer, og hvordan har livet etter bruddet vært? Problemstillingen bærer preg av en tredeling, som har dannet utgangspunktet for analysen: 1) Tiden innenfor, 2) Å bryte med trossamfunnet og 3) Tiden utenfor. Hensikten med studien er å løfte frem informantenes erfaringer og opplevelser knyttet til deltakelsen, det å bryte, samt tiden etter bruddprosessen. Alle informantene er født inn i og oppvokst i trossamfunnene, og ingen hadde derfor selv tatt et aktivt valg om å bli medlem av disse. Informantene uttrykte en sterk tilhørighet til deres trossamfunn, og beskrev sterke fellesskap fra ung alder. Videre ble deltakelsen i trossamfunnet beskrevet som svært begrensende, med konkrete regler, i rom av forbud og påbud når det gjaldt fremferd og livsførsel. Og det er klare forventninger om å følge disse. Reglene er altomfattende og gjelder alt i fra klesdrakt, rusmidler, seksualmoral, krav til aktiv deltakelse og økonomiske bidrag i trossamfunnet. Oppveksten til informantene var preget av fryktbaserte virkelighetsoppfatninger og distansering til omverdenen. Informantene håndterte dette på ulike måter, men de fleste snakket om følelsen av å leve et «dobbeltliv». Beskrivelsene av det å bryte ut av trossamfunnene bærer preg av å være en kompleks, intens og sjelsettende prosess. Informantene ga beskrivelser om økende tvil til trossamfunnets etablerte sannheter, i kombinasjon med indre og ytre påvirkningsfaktorer, som relasjoner til mennesker utenfor trossamfunnet, oppgjør med et dømmende menneskesyn, samt en beskyttertrang for egne barn. Beslutningene om å ta valget om å bryte var individuelle og ble beskrevet som sammensatte. Et fellestrekk var likevel at informantenes erfaringer og opplevelser i oppveksten var en klar faktor som preget deres beslutning om å forlate trossamfunnet. I vår empiri kom det frem at perioden etter bruddprosessen var preget av svært ambivalente følelser. Alle informantene beskrev en befriende følelse, samtidig som de pekte på ensomhet og savn. Funnene våre viser at flere informanter opplevde et behov for å reorientere seg i storsamfunnet, og uttrykte at det å finne sin plass tidvis kunne være svært krevende. Noen sammenliknet denne opplevelsen med en flyktning som skal integreres. Erfaringene og opplevelsene informantene beskrev viser til komplekse og sammensatte sosiale prosesser. Selv om erfaringene er individuelle, finnes det likevel likhetstrekk i informantenes historier. Samtlige påpekte en økende tvil og distansering i ung alder, samtidig som de fleste valgte å bli værende i trossamfunnet i en lengre periode før de til slutt tok steget ut. Funnene viser hvor utfordrende det kan være å ta valget om å forlate et lukket, religiøst trossamfunn, og hvordan dette valget innebærer å gi slipp på familien sin, sin tro og sitt sosiale nettverk

A Norwegian ZEB Definition Guideline

The objective of this report is to provide a comprehensive and consistent guideline for the Norwegian definition of Zero Emission Buildings (ZEB) and the associated calculation methodologies. The guidelines described in this report build upon the article "A Norwegian Zero Emission Building Definition”, the report “A Norwegian ZEB Definition - Embodied Emissions” as well as other relevant national and international work. The guidelines explain the methodology used within the ZEB Research Centre, focusing upon operational energy use calculations and life cycle emission calculations for materials. Furthermore, the guidelines illustrate the ZEB definition and methodology with selected examples from the ZEB pilot case studies. This guideline is useful for designers and developers involved in the planning and design of zero emission buildings. The guideline can also be used as a point of reference for the setting of future standards and regulations on low carbon buildings.publishedVersio