Spatial and temporal changes in urban fabric exposure to sea level rise, from 1995 to 2018, in mainland Portugal

To project HighWaters (EXPL/GES-AMB/1246/2021). Pedro P. Santos is financed by FCT I.P. (CEECIND/00268/2017). This work was financed by the Research Unit UIDB/00295/2020 and UIDP/00295/2020.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Sea level rise hazard in exposed coastal urban areas of Portugal mainland

N/

Building a Portuguese Coalition for Biodiversity Genomics

The diverse physiography of the Portuguese land and marine territory, spanning from continental Europe to the Atlantic archipelagos, has made it an important repository of biodiversity throughout the Pleistocene glacial cycles, leading to a remarkable diversity of species and ecosystems. This rich biodiversity is under threat from anthropogenic drivers, such as climate change, invasive species, land use changes, overexploitation or pathogen (re)emergence. The inventory, characterization and study of biodiversity at inter- and intra-specific levels using genomics is crucial to promote its preservation and recovery by informing biodiversity conservation policies, management measures and research. The participation of researchers from Portuguese institutions in the European Reference Genome Atlas (ERGA) initiative, and its pilot effort to generate reference genomes for European biodiversity, has reinforced the establishment of Biogenome Portugal. This nascent institutional network will connect the national community of researchers in genomics. Here, we describe the Portuguese contribution to ERGA’s pilot effort, which will generate high-quality reference genomes of six species from Portugal that are endemic, iconic and/or endangered, and include plants, insects and vertebrates (fish, birds and mammals) from mainland Portugal or the Azores islands. In addition, we outline the objectives of Biogenome Portugal, which aims to (i) promote scientific collaboration, (ii) contribute to advanced training, (iii) stimulate the participation of institutions and researchers based in Portugal in international biodiversity genomics initiatives, and (iv) contribute to the transfer of knowledge to stakeholders and engaging the public to preserve biodiversity. This initiative will strengthen biodiversity genomics research in Portugal and fuel the genomic inventory of Portuguese eukaryotic species. Such efforts will be critical to the conservation of the country’s rich biodiversity and will contribute to ERGA’s goal of generating reference genomes for European species.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Building a Portuguese coalition for biodiversity genomics

The diverse physiography of the Portuguese land and marine territory, spanning from continental Europe to the Atlantic archipelagos, has made it an important repository of biodiversity throughout the Pleistocene glacial cycles, leading to a remarkable diversity of species and ecosystems. This rich biodiversity is under threat from anthropogenic drivers, such as climate change, invasive species, land use changes, overexploitation, or pathogen (re)emergence. The inventory, characterisation, and study of biodiversity at inter- and intra-specific levels using genomics is crucial to promote its preservation and recovery by informing biodiversity conservation policies, management measures, and research. The participation of researchers from Portuguese institutions in the European Reference Genome Atlas (ERGA) initiative and its pilot effort to generate reference genomes for European biodiversity has reinforced the establishment of Biogenome Portugal. This nascent institutional network will connect the national community of researchers in genomics. Here, we describe the Portuguese contribution to ERGA’s pilot effort, which will generate high-quality reference genomes of six species from Portugal that are endemic, iconic, and/or endangered and include plants, insects, and vertebrates (fish, birds, and mammals) from mainland Portugal or the Azores islands. In addition, we outline the objectives of Biogenome Portugal, which aims to (i) promote scientific collaboration, (ii) contribute to advanced training, (iii) stimulate the participation of institutions and researchers based in Portugal in international biodiversity genomics initiatives, and (iv) contribute to the transfer of knowledge to stakeholders and engaging the public to preserve biodiversity. This initiative will strengthen biodiversity genomics research in Portugal and fuel the genomic inventory of Portuguese eukaryotic species. Such efforts will be critical to the conservation of the country’s rich biodiversity and will contribute to ERGA’s goal of generating reference genomes for European species.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Forças motrizes do risco de subida do nível do mar em Portugal continental

XIV Congresso da Geografia Portuguesa, realizado em Lisboa, de 14-17 de novembro de 2023A distribuição espacial e temporal dos riscos associados à subida do nível do mar (SNM) está relacionada com um conjunto complexo de fatores naturais e humanos responsáveis pela produção de danos nas áreas costeiras. Atualmente, é essencial desenvolver metodologias que sintetizem as dimensões do risco de SNM e contribuir para a sua gestão a médio e longo prazo. Neste trabalho é avaliado o risco de SNM em Portugal continental, utilizando variáveis caracterizadoras das dimensões do risco (perigosidade, exposição e vulnerabilidade social) ao nível da freguesia, para calcular um índice de risco de SNM atual (2011) e a médio e longo prazo (2040, 2070 e 2100) e para diferentes cenários climáticos (SSP1, SSP2 e SSP5). No final, é realizada uma análise de clusters e o índice de risco de SNM é hierarquizado por freguesia, identificando as diferentes forças motrizes dominantes e os perfis de risco. A perigosidade foi avaliada a partir da extensão da área inundável, calculada com base em cenários de SNM a médio e longo prazo, sobre-elevação do nível do mar de origem meteorológica e espraio da onda para todos os setores da costa portuguesa (Trindade et al., 2022, Trindade et al., 2023). A exposição foi avaliada para o período de referência de 2011, incluindo os edifícios residenciais da Base Geográfica de Edifícios (BGE) e uma estimativa da população residente em cada edifício obtida por análise dassimétrica. A vulnerabilidade social foi avaliada à escala da freguesia e refere-se à situação de 2011, tendo por base uma avaliação da criticidade e da capacidade de suporte, recorrendo a uma análise de componentes principais (Santos et al., 2022). O risco “futuro” foi simulado com os cenários que projetam a futura subida do nível do mar, combinados com os edifícios e a população existentes na atualidade, mantendo-se também os valores da vulnerabilidade social. Em termos metodológicos o trabalho passou pelas seguintes fases: (1) recolha de variáveis das três dimensões do índice de risco; (2) normalização de cada variável entre 0 e 1, utilizando o método min-máx; (3) cálculo do índice de risco de SNM= (Perigosidade⅓) x (Exposição⅓) x (Vulnerabilidade social⅓); (4) classificação de cada dimensão do índice de risco em 10 classes de igual intervalo; (5) análise de clusters hierárquica incluindo os valores normalizados de perigosidade, exposição e vulnerabilidade social, utilizando o algoritmo de Ward. Conclui-se que a exposição é a principal força motriz do índice de risco de SNM em Portugal continental, no presente e no futuro, sendo previsível a exposição de novas comunidades costeiras à SNM, a médio-longo prazo. Este trabalho contribui para o apoio à decisão na afetação de recursos, na definição de estratégias de redução de catástrofes e no estabelecimento de medidas de gestão de risco específicas de acordo com a incidência particular de cada dimensão de risco.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Emerging trends in materials and devices‐based electric stimulation therapy for tumors

Abstract Electrical stimulation (ES), as one of the physical therapy modalities for tumors, has attracted extensive attention of researchers due to its promising efficacy. With the continuous development of material science, nanotechnology, and micro/nano processing techniques, novel electroactive nanomaterials and delicately designed devices have emerged to realize innovative ES therapies, which provide more possibilities and approaches for tumor treatment. Meanwhile, exploring the molecular biological mechanisms underlying different ES modalities affecting tumor cells and their immune microenvironment is also an unresolved hotspot emerging from the current biomedical engineering research. Focusing on the above research interests, in this review, we systematically summarized the effects of different ES parameters on the subcellular structure of tumor cells and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in conjunction with the involved signaling pathways. In addition, we also reviewed the latest progress in novel self‐powered devices and electroactive nanomaterials for tumor therapy. Finally, the prospects for the development of electrostimulation tumor therapy are also discussed, bringing inspiration for the development of new physical therapy strategies in the future