Automated digitization of radial charts

Radial charts were commonly used in the industry to allow retrospective assessment of technological parameters. Today it is relevant to digitize the obtained data in order to simplify the automation of technological processes. Digitization of radial charts by means of standard methods is carried out with the help of human labor at significant time costs. The article proposes an automated method for digitizing radial charts using software, developed in the LabVIEW programming environment. The results of processing radial charts are displayed on the screen in numerical and graphical form, and can also be exported to a file (for example, to Notepad or MS Excel). The presented technique can be applied to images obtained on a color or black-and-white scanner, which minimizes geometric distortions, associated with the conversion of a paper document into electronic form, and ensures recognition quality of the clear plot line with an average relative error of up to 3 %. In case of ink fading or perspective photos of the diagram, the value of relative error can reach 8 %, as a result of which additional manual correction of the data will be required

Amido Ca and Yb(II) Complexes Coordinated by Amidine-Amidopyridinate Ligands for Catalytic Intermolecular Olefin Hydrophosphination

A series of amido Ca and Yb­(II) complexes LM­[N­(SiMe₃)₂]­(THF) (<b>1Yb</b>, <b>1–4Ca</b>) coordinated by amidine-amidopyridinate ligands <b>L</b>^{<b>1</b>–<b>4</b>} were synthesized via a transamination reaction between proligands <b>L</b>^{<b>1</b>–<b>4</b>}<b>H</b> and bisamido complexes M­[N­(SiMe₃)₂]₂­(THF)₂ (M = Yb, Ca). The reactions of Yb­[N­(SiMe₃)₂]₂­(THF)₂ with proligands <b>L</b>^<b>2</b><b>H</b>-<b>L</b>^<b>4</b><b>H</b> containing CF₃ and C₆H₄F fragments do not allow for preparing the target Yb­(II) complexes, while the Ca analogues were synthesized in good yields. Complexes <b>1Yb</b> and <b>1</b>–<b>4Ca</b> were evaluated as precatalysts for hydrophosphination of styrene, <i>p</i>-substituted styrenes, α-Me-styrene, and 2,3-dimethylbutadiene with various primary and secondary phosphines (PhPH₂, 2,4,6-Me₃C₆H₂PH₂, 2-C₅NH₄PH₂, Ph₂PH, Cy₂PH). Complexes <b>1Yb</b>, <b>1</b>–<b>4Ca</b> performed high catalytic activities in styrene hydrophosphination with PhPH₂ and Ph₂PH and demonstrated high regioselectivity affording exclusively the anti-Markovnikov addition products. For primary PhPH₂ the reactions (1:1 molar ratio of substrates) catalyzed by <b>1Yb</b>, <b>1Ca</b>, and <b>2Ca</b> proved to be highly chemoselective affording the secondary phosphine Ph­(PhCH₂CH₂)­PH; however, complexes <b>3Ca</b> and <b>4Ca</b> led to the formation of both secondary and tertiary phosphines in 80:20 and 86:14 ratios. Styrene hydrophosphinations with 2,4,6-Me₃C₆H₂PH₂ and 2-pyridylphosphine for all complexes <b>1Yb</b> and <b>1–4Ca</b> proceeded much more slowly compared to PhPH₂. Addition of 2-C₅NH₄PH₂ to styrene catalyzed by complex <b>1Yb</b> turned out to be non-regioselective and led to the formation of a mixture of Markovnikov and anti-Markovnikov addition products, while all Ca complexes enabled regioselective anti-Markovnikov addition. Complexes <b>1Ca</b> and <b>1Yb</b> containing catalytic centers featuring similar ionic radii performed different catalytic activity: the ytterbium analogue proved to be a more active catalyst for intermolecular hydrophosphination of styrene with Cy₂PH, 2-C₅NH₄PH₂, and PhPH₂, but less active with sterically demanding 2,4,6-Me₃C₆H₂PH₂. Styrenes containing in <i>p</i>-position electron-donating groups (Me, tBu, OMe) performed with noticeably lower rates in the reactions with PhPH₂ compared to styrene. Complexes <b>1Yb</b>, <b>1Ca</b>, <b>2Ca</b>, <b>3Ca</b>, and <b>4Ca</b> enabled addition of PhPH₂ toward the double CC bond of α-Me-styrene, and the reaction rate for this substrate is noticeably lower; however quantitative conversions were reached in ∼40 h. Complexes <b>1Ca</b> and <b>2Ca</b> promoted 1,2-addition of PhPH₂ to 2,3-dimethyl butadiene with excellent regio- and chemoselectivity to afford linear secondary phosphines. Hydrophosphination of inert 1-nonene with Ph₂PH with 40% conversion becomes possible due to the application of complex <b>2Ca</b> (40 h, 70 °C). The rate law for the hydrophosphination of styrene with Ph₂PH catalyzed by <b>1Ca</b> was found to agree with the idealized equation: <i>v</i> = <i>k</i>[styrene]¹[<b>1Ca</b>]¹

TOI 564 b and TOI 905 b: grazing and fully transiting hot Jupiters discovered by TESS

We report the discovery and confirmation of two new hot Jupiters discovered by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS): TOI 564 b and TOI 905 b. The transits of these two planets were initially observed by TESS with orbital periods of 1.651 and 3.739 days, respectively. We conducted follow-up observations of each system from the ground, including photometry in multiple filters, speckle interferometry, and radial velocity measurements. For TOI 564 b, our global fitting revealed a classical hot Jupiter with a mass of ${1.463}_{-0.096}^{+0.10}$ MJ and a radius of ${1.02}_{-0.29}^{+0.71}$ RJ. Also a classical hot Jupiter, TOI 905 b has a mass of ${0.667}_{-0.041}^{+0.042}$ MJ and radius of ${1.171}_{-0.051}^{+0.053}$ RJ. Both planets orbit Sun-like, moderately bright, mid-G dwarf stars with V ∼ 11. While TOI 905 b fully transits its star, we found that TOI 564 b has a very high transit impact parameter of ${0.994}_{-0.049}^{+0.083}$ , making it one of only ∼20 known systems to exhibit a grazing transit and one of the brightest host stars among them. Therefore, TOI 564 b is one of the most attractive systems to search for additional nontransiting, smaller planets by exploiting the sensitivity of grazing transits to small changes in inclination and transit duration over a timescale of several years