Outcome of patients overweight or obese pharmacologycally trated with Garcinia cambogia and Glucomanan and influence of presence of polymorphisms FTO (rs9939609; A/T) PLIN4 (11482g>a), and ADRB3 (Trp64Arg) in this treatment

El número de personas con sobrepeso y obesidad ha alcanzado números compatibles con una epidemia no solo en los países desarrollados sino en todo el mundo y se estimaron en alrededor de 1.400 millones en 2013. La obesidad y el sobrepeso se han asociado con varios trastornos metabólicos como diabetes, hipertensión, dislipidemias, enfermedades cardiovasculares, apnea del sueño, osteoartritis, osteoporosis e incluso aumentan el riesgo de padecer cáncer. El tratamiento de esta enfermedad consiste en el uso de la restricción calórica, y ejercicio (preferiblemente aeróbico) y en algunos casos en combinación con la farmacoterapia. Sin embargo, muchas veces la dietas y el ejercicio fracasan en su objetivo y la farmacoterapia tiene algunas desventajas como los efectos secundarios. Entre las diferentes alternativas para controlar el peso, el uso de algunos extractos de plantas como son los provenientes de Garcinia cambogia (GC) y el glucomanano (GNN) está ganando aceptación. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es conocer los efectos de una dieta estandarizada asociada a un tratamiento farmacológico sobre la respuesta metabólica en un grupo de individuos con sobrepeso u obesidad. De manera secundaria se quiere determinar la importancia de presencia de los de polimorfismos para: PLIN4 - 11482G>A, el gen de la masa grasa y obesidad asociada (FTO) -rs9939609 A / T- y receptor adrenérgico beta 3 (ADRB3) -Trp64Arg. Para ello se trataron 214 sujetos con sobrepeso u obesidad con GC y GNN (500 mg dos veces al día, cada uno) durante 6 meses evaluando el peso, la masa grasa, la grasa visceral, la tasa metabólica basal y los perfiles sanguíneos de lípidos y glucosa comparándolos con los valores basales. Nuestros resultados demostraron que el tratamiento produjo la pérdida de peso, la reducción de la grasa, disminución de los lípidos y normalización de los perfiles de glucosa en sangre al tiempo que aumenta la tasa metabólica basal. Además, estos resultados fueron independientes del sexo, la edad o sufrir hipertensión, la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 o la dislipidemia. Es cierto que las reducciones mencionadas se vieron atenuadas en los portadores de polimorfismos para PLIN4, FTO y Trp64Arg. Por ello consideramos que un estudio genético del paciente previo al tratamiento, para averiguar de la presencia de estos los polimorfismos, es aconsejable para establecer un ajuste en el tratamiento y así obtener una mejor respuesta.The number of people with overweight and obesity has reached numbers compatible with an epidemic not only in developed countries but throughout the world and were estimated at around 1,400 million in 2013. Obesity and overweight have been associated with several metabolic disorders such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemias, cardiovascular diseases, sleep apnea, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and even increase the risk of cancer. The treatment of this disease consists of the use of caloric restriction, and exercise (preferably aerobic) and in some cases in combination with pharmacotherapy. However, many times diets and exercise fail in their goal and pharmacotherapy has some disadvantages such as side effects. Among the different alternatives to control weight, the use of some plant extracts such as those from Garcinia cambogia (GC) and glucomannan (GNN) is gaining acceptance. The main objective of this work is to know the effects of a standardized diet associated with a pharmacological treatment on the metabolic response in a group of overweight or obese individuals. Secondarily we want to determine the importance of the presence of polymorphisms for: PLIN4 -11482G> A, the fat mass and associated obesity (FTO) -rs9939609 A / T- and beta 3 adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) - Trp64Arg . To this end, 214 overweight or obese subjects were treated with GC and GNN (500 mg twice daily, each) for 6 months evaluating weight, fat mass, visceral fat, basal metabolic rate and blood lipid profiles. and glucose comparing them with the basal values. Our results showed that the treatment produced weight loss, reduced fat, decreased lipids and normalized blood glucose profiles while increasing the basal metabolic rate. In addition, these results were independent of sex, age or suffering from hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus or dyslipidemia. It is true that the mentioned reductions were attenuated in the polymorphism carriers for PLIN4, FTO and Trp64Arg. Therefore, we consider that a genetic study of the patient prior to treatment, to find out the presence of these polymorphisms, is advisable to establish an adjustment in the treatment and thus obtain a better response

Long-term effects of Garcinia cambogia/Glucomannan on weight loss in people with obesity, PLIN4, FTO and Trp64Arg polymorphisms

Abstract Background Overweight and obesity are considered major health problems that contribute to increase mortality and quality of life. Both conditions have a high prevalence across the world reaching epidemic numbers. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of the administration of Garcinia cambogia (GC) and Glucomannan (GNN) on long-term weight loss in people with overweight or obesity. Methods Prospective, not-randomized controlled intervention trial was conducted. We treated 214 subjects with overweight or obesity with GC and GNN (500 mg twice a day, each) for 6 months evaluating weight, fat mass, visceral fat, basal metabolic rate, and lipid and glucose blood profiles comparing them with basal values. Some patients were carriers of polymorphisms PLIN4 -11482G > A-, fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) -rs9939609 A/T- and β-adrenergic receptor 3 (ADRB3) -Trp64Arg. Results Treatment produced weight loss, reducing fat mass, visceral fat, lipid and blood glucose profiles while increasing basal metabolic rate. Results were independent of sex, age or suffering from hypertension, diabetes mellitus type 2 or dyslipidemia and were attenuated in carriers of PLIN4, FTO, Trp64Arg polymorphisms. Conclusions Administration of GC and GNN reduce weight and improve lipid and glucose blood profiles in people with overweight or obesity, although the presence of polymorphisms PLIN4, FTO and ADRB3 might hinder in some degree these effects. ISRCTN78807585, 19 September 2017, retrospective study

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Additional file 2: of Long-term effects of Garcinia cambogia/Glucomannan on weight loss in people with obesity, PLIN4, FTO and Trp64Arg polymorphisms

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