The franciscans and the meditation on the theme of the Passion: the case of the Vitis Mystica by Bonaventura di Bagnoregio

La meditazione del tema Passione occupa un rilevante spazio nella riflessione e nei testi di autori francescani, soprattutto grazie alla figura rivoluzionaria di Francesco, delle sue stimmate e alla rielaborazione del loro contenuto spirituale e salvifico che fece Bonaventura. Analizzando la storia, la formazione e i contenuti di questa Passionsliteratur, sarà data particolare attenzione al testo della Vitis mystica di Bonaventura di Bagnoregio, fornendo nuove prospettive sui problemi criticitestuali che da sempre l’hanno caratterizzata.The meditation on the theme of the Passion occupies a prominent place regarding the considerations and the texts of Franciscan authors, especial-ly thanks to the revolutionary figure of Francis and his stigmas and also thanks to the rework of the spiritual and salvific contents provided by Bonaventure. By analysing the history, formation, and contents of this Passionsliteratur, particular attention will be paid to the text of the Vitis mystica by Bonaventure of Bagnoregio, providing new perspectives on the critical-textual problems that have always characterised it.Humanidade

La problématique apocalyptique dans l'anthropologie italienne : de Vittorio Lanternari à Ernesto De Martino

Cet article reconstruit le parcours intellectuel de Vittorio Lanternari qui aboutit à son ouvrage Movimenti religiosi di libertà e di salvezza dei popoli oppressi. Deux prémisses guident cette recherche où convergent histoire culturelle et ethnologie. D'abord le fait de considérer la religion comme une production culturelle, reliée dialectiquement aux attentes sociales et donc inséparable de la dynamique historique de chaque société particulière. Ensuite la prééminence méthodologique attribuée à la comparaison historique qui singularise l'histoire des religions dans le champ intellectuel italien. Dans cette présentation, l'œuvre de Lanternari est confrontée à celle de son maître, Raffaelle Pettazzoni, et de son proche collègue, Ernesto De Martino.This article reconstructs the intellectual journey of Vittorio Lanternari which led to his book Movimenti religiosi di libertà e di salvezza dei popoli oppressi. Two premises guide this research in which cultural history and ethnology converge. First, the fact to consider religion as a cultural production, dialectically related to social expectations and therefore inseparable from the historical dynamics of each particular society. Then the methodological pre-eminence attributed to the historical comparison that characterizes the history of religions in the Italian intellectual field. In this presentation, the work of Lanternari is facing his master's, Pettazzoni Raffaelle and his close colleague's, Ernesto De Martino.Este artículo reconstruye el recorrido intelectual de Victorio Lanternari, que se corona con su obra Movimenti religiosi di libertà e di salvezza dei popoli oppressi. Dos premisas guían esta investigación en la que convergen historia cultural y etnología. En principio el hecho de considerar a la religión como una producción cultural, ligada dialécticamente a las expectativas sociales y por lo tanto inseparable de la dinámica histórica de cada sociedad particular. Luego, la preeminencia metodológica atribuida a la comparación histórica que singulariza la historia de las religiones en el campo intelectual italiano. En esta presentación, la obra de Lanternari es confrontada a la de su maestro, Raffaelle Pettazzoni, y a la de su colega cercano, Ernesto de Martino

The Sensitivity of Simulated River Discharge to Land Surface Representation and Meteorological Forcings

Abstract The discharge of freshwater into oceans represents a fundamental process in the global climate system, and this flux is taken into account in simulations with general circulation models (GCMs). Moreover, the availability of realistic river routing schemes is a powerful instrument to assess the validity of land surface components, which have been recognized to be crucial for the global climate simulation. In this study, surface and subsurface runoff generated by the 13 land surface schemes (LSSs) participating in the Second Global Soil Wetness Project (GSWP-2) are used as input fields for the Hydrology Discharge (HD) routing model to simulate discharge for 30 of the world's largest rivers. The simplest land surface models do not provide a good representation of runoff, and routed river flows using these inputs are affected by many biases. On the other hand, HD shows the best simulations when forced by two of the more sophisticated schemes. The multimodel ensemble GSWP-2 generates the best phasing of the annual cycle as well as a good representation of absolute values, although the ensemble mean tends to smooth the peaks. Finally, the intermodel comparison shows the limits and deficiencies of a velocity-constant routing model such as HD, particularly in the phase of mean annual discharge. The second part of the study assesses the sensitivity of river discharge to the variation of external meteorological forcing. The Center for Ocean–Land–Atmosphere Studies version of the SSiB model is constrained with different meteorological fields and the resulting runoff is used as input for HD. River flow is most sensitive to precipitation variability, but changes in radiative forcing affect discharge as well, presumably because of the interaction with evaporation. Also, this analysis provides an estimate of the sensitivity of river discharge to precipitation variations. A few areas (e.g., central and eastern Asia, the Mediterranean, and much of the United States) show a magnified response of river discharge to a given percentage change in precipitation. Hence, an amplified effect of droughts as indicated by the consensus of climate change predictions may occur in places such as the Mediterranean. Conversely, increasing summer precipitation foreseen in places like southern and eastern Asia may amplify floods in these poor and heavily populated regions. Globally, a 1% fluctuation in precipitation forcing results in an average 2.3% change in discharge. These results can be used for the definition and assessment of new strategies for land use and water management in the near future

Impact of Atmosphere and Land Surface Initial Conditions on Seasonal Forecasts of Global Surface Temperature

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A modeling application of integrated nature based solutions (NBS) for coastal erosion and flooding mitigation in the Emilia-Romagna coastline (Northeast Italy)

Worldwide, climate change adaptation in coastal areas is a growing challenge. The most common solutions such as seawalls and breakwaters are expensive and often lead to unexpected disastrous effects on the neighboring unprotected areas. In recent years, this awareness has guided coastal managers to adopt alternative solutions with lower environmental impact to protect coastal areas, defined as Nature-Based Solutions (NBSs). NBS are quite popular around the world but are often analyzed and implemented individually at pilot sites. This contribution analyzes the effectiveness of two NBS to mitigate coastal impacts (coastal flooding and erosion) under three historical storms along the EmiliaRomagna coasts and the induced improvements due to their potential integration. Through numerical simulations with XBeach, this study demonstrated that the presence of seagrass meadows of Zostera marina produces an average attenuation of 32 % of the storm peak with a maximum attenuation of 89 % in incoming wave height. Seagrass also mitigates flooded areas and maximum inundation depths by 37 % and 58 % respectively. The artificial dune leads to higher mitigation in terms of inundation of the lagoon (up to 75 %), also avoiding any morphological variations behind it. Seagrass has also been shown to be able to reduce beach erosion volumes up to 55 %. The synergic effect of the two NBS improves the capacity to mitigate both inundation (with a benefit of up to 77 % for flooded area attenuation with respect to cases without any defenses) and coastal erosion. Results of the study suggest that the two NBS will work together to produce co-benefits in terms of preservation of their efficiency, development of habitats for organisms and vegetation species, and thereby offering an important social value in terms of possible tourism, recreation and research

Scalp high-frequency oscillations differentiate neonates with seizures from healthy neonates

OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate (1) whether an automated detector can capture scalp high-frequency oscillations (HFO) in neonates and (2) whether scalp HFO rates can differentiate neonates with seizures from healthy neonates. METHODS We considered 20 neonates with EEG-confirmed seizures and four healthy neonates. We applied a previously validated automated HFO detector to determine scalp HFO rates in quiet sleep. RESULTS Etiology in neonates with seizures included hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in 11 cases, structural vascular lesions in 6, and genetic causes in 3. The HFO rates were significantly higher in neonates with seizures (0.098 ± 0.091 HFO/min) than in healthy neonates (0.038 ± 0.025 HFO/min; P = 0.02) with a Hedge's g value of 0.68 indicating a medium effect size. The HFO rate of 0.1 HFO/min/ch yielded the highest Youden index in discriminating neonates with seizures from healthy neonates. In neonates with seizures, etiology, status epilepticus, EEG background activity, and seizure patterns did not significantly impact HFO rates. SIGNIFICANCE Neonatal scalp HFO can be detected automatically and differentiate neonates with seizures from healthy neonates. Our observations have significant implications for neuromonitoring in neonates. This is the first step in establishing neonatal HFO as a biomarker for neonatal seizures

Cardiovascular evaluation, including resting and exercise electrocardiography, before participation in competitive sports: cross sectional study

Objective To evaluate the clinical usefulness of complete preparticipation cardiovascular screening in a large cohort of sports participants