Avaliação da atividade inseticida de óleos essenciais de plantas da flora nordestina contra a mosca-branca (Bemisia argentifolii).

E conhecido que muitas plantas encerram micromoleculas oriundas do metabolismo secundario, tais como alcaloides, flavonoides, triterpenos, limnnoides, dentre outras, as quais apresentam funcao de protecao contra fitopatogenos e insetos fitofagos. Dos varios exemplos, podemos citar os glicoalcaloides em Solanaceace, os limonoides em Rutaceae, Meliaceae e Simarubaceae. Algumas dessas substancias sao conhecidas por suas propriedade inseticidas, dentre as quais podemos citar: rotenoides obtidos das especies de Lonchocarpus; nicotina de Nicotiana tabacum; precocenos de Ageratrum conyzoides e piretrinas de Crysanthemum cineraefolium (Craveiro e Machado, 1986).bitstream/CNPAT-2010/5858/1/Pa-080.pd

Sex differences and correlates of poor glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study in Brazil and Venezuela.

OBJECTIVE: Examine whether glycaemic control varies according to sex and whether the latter plays a role in modifying factors associated with inadequate glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Brazil and Venezuela. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a cross-sectional, nationwide survey conducted in Brazil and Venezuela from February 2006 to June 2007 to obtain information about glycaemic control and its determinants in patients with diabetes mellitus attending outpatient clinics. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level was measured by liquid chromatography, and patients with HbA1c ≥7.0% (53 mmol/mol) were considered to have inadequate glycaemic control. The association of selected variables with glycaemic control was analysed by multivariate linear regression, using HbA1c as the dependent variable. RESULTS: A total of 9418 patients with T2D were enrolled in Brazil (n=5692) and in Venezuela (n=3726). They included 6214 (66%) women and 3204 (34%) men. On average, HbA1c levels in women were 0.13 (95% CI 0.03 to 0.24; p=0.015) higher than in men, after adjusting for age, marital status, education, race, country, body mass index, duration of disease, complications, type of healthcare, adherence to diet, adherence to treatment and previous measurement of HbA1c. Sex modified the effect of some factors associated with glycaemic control in patients with T2D in our study, but had no noteworthy effect in others. CONCLUSIONS: Women with T2D had worse glycaemic control than men. Possible causes for poorer glycaemic control in women compared with men include differences in glucose homeostasis, treatment response and psychological factors. In addition, sex modified factors associated with glycaemic control, suggesting the need to develop specific treatment guidelines for men and women

Alumínio, cálcio e nitrato em solução do solo de área após sucessivas aplicações de lodo de esgoto.

Resumo ? Estudos de longo prazo em áreas com sucessivas aplicações de lodo de esgoto (LE) são raros nas condições edafo-climáticas brasileiras. Uma destas áreas pertence ao Instituto Agronômico, em Campinas - SP. Entre os anos de 2001 e 2007 a área experimental recebeu anualmente duas doses de LE calculadas para fornecer 120 e 240 kg ha-1 de N para a cultura do milho ou fertilizante mineral nitrogenado na dose de 120 kg ha-1. De 2008 a 2011 a área não recebeu novas aplicações de LE, somente N mineral no tratamento em que era previsto. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a distribuição de cátions e ânions em extrato aquoso 1:1,simulando a solução do solo, após a interrupção do uso do LE, com destaque para alumínio, cálcio e nitrato. Para tanto, foram realizadas coletas de solo (camada 0-20 cm) em setembro de 2009, março e dezembro de 2010 e junho de 2011. A especiação iônica da solução evidenciou o lodo com fonte de Ca+2, e NO3-, além de ter proporcionado controle parcial das formas livres de alumínio por meio da complexação pela matéria orgânica dissolvida

Technical note: Influence of feed on image quality of abdominal ultrasonography in New Zealand white kits

[EN] The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of feed change on image quality of ultrasound scanning of the gallbladder, kidney and jejunum in New Zealand White kits. Thirty-nine 35-day-old rabbits were used, distributed into 4 diet groups: C, only commercial feed; CH, commercial feed and hay; C24H, only commercial feed, replaced by hay 24 h before examination; and CH24H, commercial feed and hay, with the commercial feed withdrawn 24 h before the exam. The rabbits received the diet for 42 d (from 35 to 77 d of age) and the ultrasound evaluations were performed on days 56 and 77. Ultrasonographic assessment for image quality focused on the possibility of visualisation and an image quality rating (3 scores: unacceptable, acceptable or excellent) for the gallbladder, kidneys and jejunum. The kidneys were visualised in 100% of animals of all diets and ages. There was no difference in visualisation (P>0.05) of the gallbladder among the animals fed different diets on days 56 and 77. The C24H diet had a higher visualisation possibility (P<0.05) of the jejunum compared to the C and CH diets on day 77. For the image quality score, there was no difference in the studied organs on day 56. However, on day 77, there was a difference for the jejunum (P<0.05), and only the C24H and CH24H diets presented images classified as excellent. In conclusion, the image quality of the kidneys and gallbladder was unaffected by feed, and the jejunum had an improved image quality with the inclusion of hay and without the commercial feed 24 h before the test in New Zealand White rabbits at 77 d of age.Silva, KG.; Andrade, C.; Costa, LB.; Sotomaior, CS. (2017). Technical note: Influence of feed on image quality of abdominal ultrasonography in New Zealand white kits. World Rabbit Science. 25(4):339-343. doi:10.4995/wrs.2017.6821SWORD33934325

Parâmetros genéticos para produções parciais acumuladas e total de leite, em cabras meio sangue Pardo Alpina x Moxotó.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar 696 lactações de 246 cabras meio sangue Pardo Alpina x Moxotó, filhas de 20 reprodutores, oriundas da Embrapa Caprinos, paridas no período de 1989 a 1994. No modelo, incluiu-se os efeitos fixos estação-ano de parição, ordem de lactação e tipo de parto e os efeitos aleatários reprodutor, cabra dentro de reprodutor e erro. As cabras foram mantidas em pastagem nativa e suplementadas no período seco. As estimativas de herdabilidades foram 0,20+/-0,13; 0,34+/-0,17; 0,35+/-0,18 e 0,34+/-0,17 e 0,33+/-0,16 para as produções mensais aos 30, 60, 90 e 120 dias de lactação e para a produção total, respectivamente. As estimativas de herdabilidade sugerem que a seleção de reprodutores poderá ser feita por meio da produção de leite de suas filhas. Foram verificadas altas e positivas correlações genéticas e fenotípicas entre as produções parciais acumulada de leite, indicando que a seleção poderá ser realizada com base nasproduções parcias de leite. GENETIC PARAMETERS FOR PARTIAL AND TOTAL MILK PRODUCTION IN ALPINE X MOXOTO GOATS. ABSTRACT: The objective of this work was to study 696 lactations of 246 Alpine x Moxotó goats, daughters of 20 sires, originating from Embrapa Caprinos, in the period from 1989 to 1994. In the model, it was included the fixed effects of station-year of calving, parturition order and lambing type and the random effects of sire, dam within sire and error. The goats were maintained in native pasture and supplemented in the dry period. The heritabilities were 0.20+/-0.13; 0.34+/-0.17; 0.35+/-0.18 and 0.34+/-0.17 and 0.33+/-0.16 for the monthly productions at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days of lactation and for the total milk yield, respectively. These heritabilities suggest that the selection of sires could be made through the milk yield of their daughters. High and positive genetic and phenotypic correlations were verified among the partial milk yield, indicating that the selection can be accomplished with base in the partial milk yield

Antimycobacterial and cytotoxicity activities of free and liposome-encapsulated 3-(4'-bromo[1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl)-3-(4-bromo-phenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-2-propen-1-amine

The antimycobacterial activity of 3-(4'-bromo[1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl)-3-(4-bromo-phenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-2-propen-1-amine (BBAP), free or incorporated in preformed liposomes, on extracellular M. tuberculosis H37Rv was 8 and 25 &#956;M (MIC), respectively. Extracellular antimycobacterial activity was not significantly improved by entrapment of BBAP in liposomes, but there was a 6.1-fold reduction of BBAP cytotoxicity on J774 macrophages. Liposomal BBAP or its free form showed IC50 values of 165 and 27 &#956;M, resulting in a selectivity index (SI=IC50/MIC) of 3.4 and 6.6, respectively. Free BBAP in concentrations from 10 to 80 &#956;M were quite effective in eliminating intracellular M. tuberculosis while liposomal formulation was less effective at these concentrations.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq