Unidad did?ctica para el aprendizaje significativo de funciones cuadr?ticas en los estudiantes de grado 9 de la instituci?n educativa Leonidas Rubio Villegas de Ibagu?

129 p. Recurso Electr?nicoEste proyecto tiene como objetivo, generar aprendizaje significativo de las funciones cuadr?ticas en estudiantes de grado noveno de la instituci?n educativa Le?nidas Rubio Villegas - Sede Principal de Ibagu?. Con base en un problema identificado en la pr?ctica docente se dise?a y se aplica una unidad did?ctica bajo fundamentaciones te?ricas, particularmente las de aprendizaje significativo. La unidad est? influenciada bajo la corriente del Paidocentrismo (el alumno como centro), la cual busca la autoformaci?n del estudiante una investigaci?n- acci?n, se aplic? una prueba antes y despu?s de la ejecuci?n de las actividades propuestas, en ?ltima instancia se ilustra un cuadro comparativo entre las dos para evaluar la efectividad de la unidad did?ctica. La indagaci?n en el aula es un proceso que todo docente deber?a realizar d?a a d?a por ?tica profesional para mejorar la calidad de su ense?anza. Se pudo apreciar que la unidad did?ctica tuvo efectividad en el momento que los estudiantes se sienten contextualizados con la realidad y las funciones cuadr?ticas. Cuando se pone en contacto el estudiante con situaciones de la vida real, articula la abstracci?n de las funciones cuadr?ticas para el entendimiento de fen?menos sociales, f?sicos, qu?micos naturales, etc.The aim of this project is generating meaningful learning of quadratic functions in the ninth grade students from the Institution Educative Leonidas Rubio Villegas ? Sede Principal de Ibague. Based on an identified problem seen in the practicum. A didactic unit is designed and applied under theoretical foundations, particularly meaningful learning. The unit is influenced under the current of Paidocentrismo (Students as center), which seeks self-training student in action research. A test was applied before and after the implementation of the proposed activities, ultimately, it illustrates a comparative table between the two to assess the effectiveness of the didactic Unit. The inquiry in the classroom is a process that every teacher should make daily for professional ethics to improve the quality of their teaching. It was observed that the didactic unit was effective at the moment that students felt contextualized with the reality and the quadratic functions. When the students get contact with the real-life situations, they articulate the abstraction of quadratic functions for the understanding of social, physical, chemical, natural phenomena, etc. Keywords: Meaningful learning, Quadratic Functions, contextualization

Representaciones sociales y pr?cticas de la lectura en el grado primero del conservatorio de Ibagu? ? sede Bel?n.

172 P?ginasRecurso Electr?nicoLa siguiente investigaci?n titulada ?Representaciones Sociales y Pr?cticas de la lectura en el grado primero del Conservatorio de Ibagu? ? Sede Bel?n.? Centr? su principal an?lisis en el reconocimiento y conceptualizaci?n de las representaciones sociales que tienen los docentes y estudiantes del grado primero de primaria de la jornada ma?ana frente a la lectura en relaci?n con sus propias pr?cticas. En este sentido, hallar las diferentes representaciones sociales, nos permitir? conocer como los maestros y estudiantes construyen ideol?gica y culturalmente sus propias pr?cticas entorno a la lectura, por lo cual, se hace necesario por medio de una amplia metodolog?a conocer c?mo est?n actuando los maestros en las aulas escolares y c?mo por medio de su pr?ctica develan en sus estudiantes un constructo social entorno a la lectura.ABSTRACT The following research entitled "Social Representations and Practices of reading in the first grade Conservatorio Ibagu? -. Headquarters Belen" focused his main analysis in the recognition and conceptualization of social representations which teachers and students of the first grade of primary day morning outside reading in relation to their own practices. In this sense, finding different social representations allow us to know how teachers and students construct ideological and culturally their own practices around reading, so it is necessary through a comprehensive methodology to know how they are acting teachers in the classroom and how through their practice in their students reveal a social construct around reading.INTRODUCCI?N 14 1. PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA 15 2. PREGUNTAS DE INVESTIGACI?N 17 3. OBJETIVOS 18 3.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL 18 3.2 OBJETIVOS ESPEC?FICOS 18 4. JUSTIFICACI?N 19 5. MARCO TE?RICO 22 5.1 LECTURA 22 5.1.1 Lectura desde la Alfabetizaci?n 22 5.1.2 Lectura desde la Decodificaci?n 24 5.1.3 Lectura como Liberaci?n 26 5.1.4 Lectura del Grado Primero en Colombia 27 5.2 EVALUACI?N DE LA LECTURA 30 5.2.1 Consideraciones 31 5.3 REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES 32 5.3.1 La Representaci?n y el Contexto 33 5.3.1.1 Consideraciones. 37 8 5.4 LAS PR?CTICAS 37 5.4.1 Consideraciones 41 6. ANTECEDENTES 43 7. METODOLOG?A 57 P?g. 7.1 ENFOQUE Y TIPO DE ESTUDIO 56 7.2 PARTICIPANTES Y CONTEXTO 56 7.3 PROCEDIMIENTOS E INSTRUMENTOS DE RECOLECCI?N DE LA INFORMACI?N 57 7.3.1 Fase Etnogr?fica 58 7.3.2 Fase de Aplicaci?n 58 7.3.3 Fase de An?lisis 62 7.3.4 Fase de Consolidaci?n Interpretativa y Propositiva. 63 8. ANALISIS DE LA INFORMACI?N 64 8.1 SECUENCIA DIDACTICA 64 8.1.1 Grupo Focal. Grupo Focal 64 8.2 ENTREVISTA DE ESTUDIANTES 64 9. REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES UN VIAJE DEL MAESTRO AL NI?O 66 9.1 REPRESENTACI?N SOCIAL DE LA LECTURA COMO ?MEDIO DE SUPERACI?N? 66 9.1.1 Representaci?n Social de la Lectura como Decodificaci?n 72 9.2 REPRESENTACI?N SOCIAL: LEER PARA COMPRENDER 76 79 9 10. DE LA REPRESENTACI?N A LA PR?CTICA 10.1 EL TRADICIONALISMO CONVENCIONAL 81 10.2 PR?CTICAS EVALUATIVAS DE LECTURA 89 10.3 LIBRO DE TEXTO ACOMPA?ANTE DE LAS PR?CTICAS LECTORAS 95 10.4 NUEVAS PR?CTICAS EN EL ARTE DE LEER 100 11. PLAN DE ACCI?N O MEJORAMIENTO 105 12. CONCLUSIONES 109 RECOMENDACIONES 111 REFERENCIAS 11

A vibrational spectroscopic study of the copper bearing silicate mineral luddenite.

The molecular structure of the copper?lead silicate mineral luddenite has been analysed using vibrational spectroscopy. The mineral is only one of many silicate minerals containing copper. The intense Raman band at 978 cm 1 is assigned to the m1 (A1g) symmetric stretching vibration of Si5O14 units. Raman bands at 1122, 1148 and 1160 cm 1 are attributed to the m3 SiO4 antisymmetric stretching vibrations. The bands in the 678?799 cm 1 are assigned to OSiO bending modes of the (SiO3)n chains. Raman bands at 3317 and 3329 cm 1 are attributed to water stretching bands. Bands at 3595 and 3629 cm 1 are associated with the stretching vibrations of hydroxyl units suggesting that hydroxyl units exist in the structure of luddenite

The molecular structure of the borate mineral szaibelyite MgBO2(OH) : a vibrational spectroscopic study.

We have studied the borate mineral szaibelyite MgBO2(OH) using electron microscopy and vibrational spectroscopy. EDS spectra show a phase composed of Mg with minor amounts of Fe. Both tetrahedral and trigonal boron units are observed. The nominal resolution of the Raman spectrometer is of the order of 2 cm 1 and as such is sufficient enough to identify separate bands for the stretching bands of the two boron isotopes. The Raman band at 1099 cm 1 with a shoulder band at 1093 cm 1 is assigned to BO stretching vibration. Raman bands at 1144, 1157, 1229, 1318 cm 1 are attributed to the BOH in-plane bending modes. Raman bands at 836 and 988 cm 1 are attributed to the antisymmetric stretching modes of tetrahedral boron. The infrared bands at 3559 and 3547 cm 1 are assigned to hydroxyl stretching vibrations. Broad infrared bands at 3269 and 3398 cm 1 are assigned to water stretching vibrations. Infrared bands at 1306, 1352, 1391, 1437 cm 1 are assigned to the antisymmetric stretching vibrations of trigonal boron. Vibrational spectroscopy enables aspects of the molecular structure of the borate mineral szaibelyite to be assessed

The molecular structure of the phosphate mineral senegalite Al2(PO4)(OH)3-3H2O - a vibrational spectroscopic study.

We have studied the mineral senagalite, a hydrated hydroxy phosphate of aluminium with formula Al2(-PO4)(OH)3_3H2O using a combination of electron microscopy and vibrational spectroscopy. Senegalite crystal aggregates shows tabular to prismatic habitus and orthorhombic form. The Raman spectrum is dominated by an intense band at 1029 cm_1 assigned to the PO3_ 4 m1 symmetric stretching mode. Intense Raman bands are found at 1071 and 1154 cm_1 with bands of lesser intensity at 1110, 1179 and 1206 cm_1 and are attributed to the PO3_ 4 m3 antisymmetric stretching vibrations. The infrared spectrum shows complexity with a series overlapping bands. A comparison is made with spectra of other aluminium containing phosphate minerals such as augelite and turquoise. Multiple bands are observed for the phosphate bending modes giving support for the reduction of symmetry of the phosphate anion. Vibrational spectroscopy offers a means for the assessment of the structure of senagalite

Improved personalized survival prediction of patients with diffuse large B-cell Lymphoma using gene expression profiling

BACKGROUND: Thirty to forty percent of patients with Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) have an adverse clinical evolution. The increased understanding of DLBCL biology has shed light on the clinical evolution of this pathology, leading to the discovery of prognostic factors based on gene expression data, genomic rearrangements and mutational subgroups. Nevertheless, additional efforts are needed in order to enable survival predictions at the patient level. In this study we investigated new machine learning-based models of survival using transcriptomic and clinical data. METHODS: Gene expression profiling (GEP) of in 2 different publicly available retrospective DLBCL cohorts were analyzed. Cox regression and unsupervised clustering were performed in order to identify probes associated with overall survival on the largest cohort. Random forests were created to model survival using combinations of GEP data, COO classification and clinical information. Cross-validation was used to compare model results in the training set, and Harrel's concordance index (c-index) was used to assess model's predictability. Results were validated in an independent test set. RESULTS: Two hundred thirty-three and sixty-four patients were included in the training and test set, respectively. Initially we derived and validated a 4-gene expression clusterization that was independently associated with lower survival in 20% of patients. This pattern included the following genes: TNFRSF9, BIRC3, BCL2L1 and G3BP2. Thereafter, we applied machine-learning models to predict survival. A set of 102 genes was highly predictive of disease outcome, outperforming available clinical information and COO classification. The final best model integrated clinical information, COO classification, 4-gene-based clusterization and the expression levels of 50 individual genes (training set c-index, 0.8404, test set c-index, 0.7942). CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that DLBCL survival models based on the application of machine learning algorithms to gene expression and clinical data can largely outperform other important prognostic variables such as disease stage and COO. Head-to-head comparisons with other risk stratification models are needed to compare its usefulness

The molecular structure of the borate mineral inderite Mg(H4B3O7)(OH)-5H2O - a vibrational spectroscopic study.

We have undertaken a study of the mineral inderite Mg(H4B3O7)(OH)_5H2O a hydrated hydroxy borate mineral of magnesium using scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry and vibrational spectroscopic techniques. The structure consists of ?B3O3?OH?5_2_ soroborate groups and Mg(OH)2(H2O)4 octahedra interconnected into discrete molecules by the sharing of two OH groups. Thermogravimetry shows a mass loss of 47.2% at 137.5 _C, proving the mineral is thermally unstable. Raman bands at 954, 1047 and 1116 cm_1 are assigned to the trigonal symmetric stretching mode. The two bands at 880 and 916 cm_1 are attributed to the symmetric stretching mode of the tetrahedral boron. Both the Raman and infrared spectra of inderite show complexity. Raman bands are observed at 3052, 3233, 3330, 3392 attributed to water stretching vibrations and 3459 cm_1 with sharper bands at 3459, 3530 and 3562 cm_1 assigned to OH stretching vibrations. Vibrational spectroscopy is used to assess the molecular structure of inderite

Caffeine, a Risk Factor for Osteoarthritis and Longitudinal Bone Growth Inhibition

Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common chronic rheumatic disease, is mainly characterized by a progressive degradation of the hyaline articular cartilage, which is essential for correct joint function, lubrication, and resistance. Articular cartilage disturbances lead to joint failure, pain, and disability. Hyaline cartilage is also present in the growth plate and plays a key role in longitudinal bone growth. Alterations of this cartilage by diverse pathologies have been related to longitudinal bone growth inhibition (LBGI), which leads to growth retardation. Diet can play a crucial role in processes involved in the OA and LBGI's onset and evolution. Specifically, there is ample evidence pointing to the negative impacts of caffeine consumption on hyaline cartilage. However, its effects on these tissues have not been reviewed. Accordingly, in this review, we summarize all current knowledge in the PubMed database about caffeine catabolic effects on articular and growth plate cartilage. Specifically, we focus on the correlation between OA and LBGI with caffeine prenatal or direct exposure. Overall, there is ample evidence indicating that caffeine intake negatively affects the physiology of both articular and growth plate cartilage, increasing consumers predisposition to suffer OA and LBGI. As a result, caffeine consumption should be avoided for these pathologies

Antihyperthermic treatment decreases perihematomal hypodensity

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect on perihematomal hypodensity and outcome of a decrease in body temperature in the first 24 hours in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). METHODS: In this retrospective study on a prospectively registered database, among the 1,100 patients, 795 met all the inclusion criteria. Temperature variations in the first 24 hours and perihematomal hypodensity (PHHD) were recorded. Patients >/=37.5 degrees C were treated with antihyperthermic drugs for at least 48 hours. The main objective was to determine the association among temperature variation, PHHD, and outcome at 3 months. RESULTS: The decrease in temperature in the first 24 hours increased the possibility of good outcome 11-fold. Temperature decrease, lower PHHD volume, and a good outcome were observed in 31.8% of the patients who received antihyperthermic treatment. CONCLUSION: The administration of early antihyperthermic treatment in patients with spontaneous ICH with a basal axillary temperature >/=37.5 degrees C resulted in good outcome in a third of the treated patients