7,377 research outputs found
A nonparametric analysis of the Cournot model
An observer makes a number of observations of an industry producing a homogeneous good. Each observation consists of the market price, the output of individual firms and perhaps information on each firm's production cost. We provide various tests (typically, linear programs) with which the observer can determine if the data set is consistent with the hypothesis that firms in this industry are playing a Cournot game at each observation. When cost information is wholly or partially unavailable, these tests could potentially be used to derive cost information on the firms. This paper is a contribution to the literature that aims to characterize (in various contexts) the restrictions that a data set must satisfy for it to be consistent with Nash outcomes in a game. It is also inspired by the seminal result of Afriat (and the subsequent literature) which addresses similar issues in the context of consumer demand, though one important technical difference from most of these results is that the objective functions of firms in a Cournot game are not necessarily quasiconcave
Temperature dependence of the microscopic structure and density anomaly of the SPC/E and TIP4P-Ew water models. Molecular dynamics simulation results
We have investigated temperature trends of the microscopic structure of the
SPC/E and TIP4P-Ew water models in terms of the pair distribution functions,
coordination numbers, the average number of hydrogen bonds, the distribution of
bonding states of a single molecule as well as the angular distribution of
molecules by using the constant pressure molecular dynamics simulations. The
evolution of the structure is put in correspondence with the dependence of
water density on high temperatures down to the region of temperatures where the
system becomes supercooled. It is shown that the fraction of molecules with
three and four bonds determine the maximum density for both models. Moreover,
the temperature dependence of the dielectric constant is obtained and analyzed.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure
Large isotope effect on in cuprates despite of a small electron-phonon coupling
We calculate the isotope coefficients and for the
superconducting critical temperature and the pseudogap temperature
in a mean-field treatment of the t-J model including phonons. The
pseudogap phase is identified with the -charge-density wave (-CDW) phase
in this model. Using the small electron-phonon coupling constant obtained previously in LDA calculations in YBaCuO,
is negative but negligible small whereas increases
from about 0.03 at optimal doping to values around 1 at small dopings in
agreement with the general trend observed in many cuprates. Using a simple
phase fluctuation model where the -CDW has only short-range correlations it
is shown that the large increase of at low dopings is rather universal
and does not depend on the existence of sharp peaks in the density of states in
the pseudogap state or on specific values of the phonon cutoff. It rather is
caused by the large depletion of spectral weight at low frequencies by the
-CDW and thus should also occur in other realizations of the pseudogap.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, to be publ. in PR
Hydrophobically modified polyelectrolytes as potential drugs reservoirs of n-alkyl-nitroimidazoles
Indexación: ScieloThe solubilization of three commercial drugs (ornindazole, metronidazole and tinidazole) and model compounds (N-alkyl-2-methyl-4-nitroimidazoles) on aggregates formed by anionic polyelectrolytes, carrying alkyl side chains of different length, have been investigated in aqueous solution at pH 3.0, 7.0 and 11.0. Potassium salts of poly(maleic acid-co-1-olefins), PA-nK2 with n ranging from 8 to 18, were used as micelle-forming polymers. The partition of these drugs between water and the hydrophobic microdomains provided by PA-nK2 was studied by the pseudo-phase model to determinate the distribution coefficient KS, and the standard free energy of transfer Δμºt. The results indicate that solubility of alkyl-nitroimidazoles on these polymer micelles depends moderately on the length of the alkyl chain, and therefore is mainly determined by the heterocyclic group. On the other hand, the solubilization of 1-hexyl-2-methyl-4-nitroimidazole increase with decreasing length of the side alkyl chain; i.e. KS follows the order PA-8K2 > PA-10K2 > PA-12K2 > PA-14K2 > PA-16K2 >PA-18K2.http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-97072007000100014&nrm=is
Do European Stock Markets Affect Latin American Stock Markets?
In this study, we examine the response of Latin American stock markets to movements in European stock markets using VAR models. Our results vary depending on the openness of the country in terms of international trade. We find evidence that Latin American stock markets are responsive to changes in the stock market from Spain. Additionally, during the second and third subperiods, Spain has much stronger ties with Brazil, and this might explain why Brazil responds more to the shocks originating from Spain than from France. In conclusion, this study uncovers two important findings. First, Spain influences Latin American markets but these responses are not homogeneous across markets. Second, the influence of Spain has different magnitude in the three subperiods.Emerging Markets, Latin America, Stock Markets Interdependence, VAR
Spin exchange and superconductivity in a model for two-dimensional quarter-filled systems
The effect of antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations on two-dimensional
quarter-filled systems is studied theoretically. An effective model on
a square lattice which accounts for checkerboard charge fluctuations and
next-nearest-neighbors antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations is considered. From
calculations based on large-N theory on this model it is found that the
exchange interaction, , increases the attraction between electrons in the
d channel only, so that both charge and spin fluctuations work
cooperatively to produce d pairing.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure
On the excitation of inertial modes in an experimental spherical Couette flow
Spherical Couette flow (flow between concentric rotating spheres) is one of
flows under consideration for the laboratory magnetic dynamos. Recent
experiments have shown that such flows may excite Coriolis restored inertial
modes. The present work aims to better understand the properties of the
observed modes and the nature of their excitation. Using numerical solutions
describing forced inertial modes of a uniformly rotating fluid inside a
spherical shell, we first identify the observed oscillations of the Couette
flow with non-axisymmetric, retrograde, equatorially anti-symmetric inertial
modes, confirming first attempts using a full sphere model. Although the model
has no differential rotation, identification is possible because a large
fraction of the fluid in a spherical Couette flow rotates rigidly. From the
observed sequence of the excited modes appearing when the inner sphere is
slowed down by step, we identify a critical Rossby number associated with a
given mode and below which it is excited. The matching between this critical
number and the one derived from the phase velocity of the numerically computed
modes shows that these modes are excited by an instability likely driven by the
critical layer that develops in the shear layer staying along the tangent
cylinder of the inner sphere.Comment: 11 pages, 17 figure
Self-energy renormalization around the flux phase in the model: Possible implications in underdoped cuprates
The flux phase predicted by the model in the large-N limit exhibits
features that make it a candidate for describing the pseudogap regime of
cuprates. However certain properties, as for instance the prediction of well
defined quasiparticle peaks, speak against this scenario. We have addressed
these issues by computing self-energy renormalizations in the vicinity to flux
phase. The calculated spectral functions show features similar to those
observed in experiments. At low doping, near the flux phase, the spectral
functions are anisotropic on the Fermi surface and very incoherent near the hot
spots. The temperature and doping evolution of self-energy and spectral
functions are discussed and compared with the experiment.Comment: 4.3 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
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