Avaliação de nucleários como técnica de restauração florestal em Mariana, MG, Brasil

Este estudo teve como objetivo testar a eficiência do uso de um novo equipamento denominado nucleário, na sobrevivência e crescimento de mudas de espécies arbóreas visando à restauração florestal em áreas atingidas pelo rejeito da barragem de Fundão, em Mariana, MG. Foram avaliadas, por 12 meses, duas espécies arbóreas nativas (Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) J.F. Macbr. e Inga edulis Mart.), sob um desenho de blocos aleatorizados e três tratamentos: hidrogel (T1), nucleário (T2) e controle (T3). Analisou-se o efeito dos tratamentos e do tempo após o plantio sobre a sobrevivência e crescimento das mudas, por comparação múltipla de médias e modelos lineares mistos. Foram observadas diferenças significativas de crescimento em altura e em diâmetro ao nível do solo (DNS) entre os tratamentos. As taxas de crescimento relativo para altura e DNS das duas espécies se mantiveram relativamente constantes, sem diferenças entre os tratamentos. Constatou-se que I. edulis apresentou sobrevivência maior na presença do nucleário, em comparação com os demais tratamentos. Os resultados indicam que apenas o uso de nucleários não foi suficiente para garantir o bom desenvolvimento e sobrevivência das mudas em campo, sendo recomendada sua avaliação para outras espécies arbóreas nativas

ESCRITAS DE AUTORIA FEMININA: CONTOS ASSINALADOS PELO NÃO-DITO

Tales written by Nélida Piñon, Orlanda Amarílis and Lídia Jorge, portuguese-speaking women writers, offer a critical approach on discourses and feminine spaces enunciated and staged in Portuguese, language literature of the late twentieth century. The theoretical basis of the work is mainly based on Simone de Beauvoir (1970), on the feminine, in Gayatri Spivak (2010), on the representation of subalternity, in Pierre Bourdieu (2002) on violence.Contos escritos por Nélida Piñon, Orlanda Amarílis e Lídia Jorge, escritoras lusófonas, oportunizam uma abordagem crítica sobre discursos e espaços femininos enunciados e encenados na literatura de língua portuguesa do final do século XX. O embasamento teórico do trabalho pauta-se, principalmente, em Simone de Beauvoir (1970), sobre o feminino, em Gayatri Spivak (2010), sobre a representação da subalternidade, em Pierre Bourdieu (2002) sobre a violência

A ESF SUPERANDO O MODELO MÉDICO-HEGEMÔNICO NA PRÁTICA: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA

Introdução: o modelo biomédico sofre críticas pelo foco curativista, desvalorização do processo saúde-doença e distanciamento dos aspectos socioeconômicos culturais

Is There a Relation between Brain and Muscle Activity after Virtual Reality Training in Individuals with Stroke? A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective—The aim was to verify the correlation between cerebral and muscular electrical activity in subjects trained in virtual reality after a stroke. Method—The trial design was a cross-sectional study. Fourteen volunteers who were diagnosed with a stroke participated in the study. The intervention protocol was to perform functional activity with an upper limb using virtual reality. The functional protocol consisted of four one-minute series with a two-minute interval between series in a single session. Results—We observed, at initial rest, a positive correlation between brachii biceps and the frontal canal medial region (F7/F8) (r = 0.59; p = 0.03) and frontal canal lateral region (F3/F4) (r = 0.71; p = 0.006). During the activity, we observed a positive correlation between the anterior deltoid and frontal anterior channel (AF3/AF4) (r = 0.73; p = 0.004). At final rest, we observed a positive correlation between the anterior deltoid and temporal region channel (T7/T8) (r = 0.70; p = 0.005). Conclusions—We conclude that there was no correlation between brain and muscle activity for the biceps brachii muscle in subjects trained with virtual reality. However, there was a positive correlation for the deltoid anterior muscle

Thalidomide and multiple myeloma : therapy evaluation using clinical and laboratorial parameters

Nas duas últimas décadas, houve uma mudança radical na terapia e na evolução do mieloma múltiplo(MM), neoplasia hematológica ainda considerada fatal. As pesquisas e investimentos em medicamentos que interferem com a fisiopatogenia e com o microambiente medular estão permitindo o controle e a regressão do clone plasmocitário maligno, mudando as perspectivas da doença. A idéia nova de usar uma droga velha, a talidomida, tem-se mostrado efetiva no MM. Em 1997, apostando nos efeitos imunomoduladores e antiangiogênicos da talidomida, foram iniciados ensaios clínicos para MM refratários. A partir daí, outras ações sobre o plasmócito e microambiente medular foram eficazes contra a doença, não somente em refratários ou recaídos, mas também como terapia de indução e/ou de manutenção da remissão. No Serviço de Hematologia do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre foram acompanhados 35 portadores de mieloma múltiplo, em uso de doses baixas (100 mg) de talidomida, pelas indicações: 13 – manutenção pós-TMO, 11 – pós-indução, 5 – recaída, 4 – refratariedade e 2 – terapia de indução. O estudo vigorou entre março/01 a dez/03. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: nível Hb, pico da imunoglobulina sérica ou urinária e o número de plasmócitos na medula óssea. As medidas foram tomadas pré-talidomida e após 3, 6 e 12 meses. A taxa de imunoglobulina foi o padrão ouro para avaliação de resposta. Os resultados: a dose terapêutica tolerada em 48% dos pacientes foi 100 mg; 65% dos tratados para induzir remissão (11 pacientes) apresentaram melhora entre 25%-50% no nível da imunoglobulina sérica; 87,5% daqueles que usaram para manutenção de remissão (13 pós-TMO/ 11 pós-indução) mantiveram o mesmo plateau inicial.Over the last two decades, we have seen a radical change in therapy and progression of multiple myeloma, a malignant hematologic disease that is still considered fatal. Recent investment and research on mechanisms that interfere in the physiopathogenesis and bone marrow microenvironment are turning control and regression of the malignant plasma cell clone into something achievable, which may change expectations related to this disease. The new idea of using an old drug, thalidomide, has shown to be effective in multiple myeloma. In 1997, using the known effects of immunomodulation and antiangiogenesis of this drug, clinical trials were started in patients with unresponsive disease. Other therapeutic interventions in the bone marrow microenvironment and plasma cells have been added and proved to be efficacious, not only as a therapy for refractory patients, but also for induction and/or remission maintenance therapy. Thirty-five patients with multiple myeloma were treated with low-dose thalidomide (100 mg) and followed up. Thirteen were on maintenance therapy after bone marrow transplantation, eleven started thalidomide after induction therapy, five after relapse, four were refractory to usual therapies and two had induction therapy with thalidomide. The study took place in the Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation service of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, from March 2001 to December 2003. Hemoglobin levels, serum or urine immunoglobulin peaks and bone marrow plasma cell counts were evaluated. These parameters were assessed before starting with the drug and after 3.6 and 12 months of usage. The immunoglobulin level was considered the gold standard to evaluate the response. The results showed that 100 mg was the tolerable dose for 51% of the patients. Sixty-five percent of those who used thalidomide for induction therapy showed a 25 to 50% improvement in immunoglobulin serum levels and 90% of the patients on maintenance therapy (13 after bone marrow transplantation, 11 after induction), sustained the same immunoglobulin levels of the initial plateau

Thalidomide and multiple myeloma : therapy evaluation using clinical and laboratorial parameters

Nas duas últimas décadas, houve uma mudança radical na terapia e na evolução do mieloma múltiplo(MM), neoplasia hematológica ainda considerada fatal. As pesquisas e investimentos em medicamentos que interferem com a fisiopatogenia e com o microambiente medular estão permitindo o controle e a regressão do clone plasmocitário maligno, mudando as perspectivas da doença. A idéia nova de usar uma droga velha, a talidomida, tem-se mostrado efetiva no MM. Em 1997, apostando nos efeitos imunomoduladores e antiangiogênicos da talidomida, foram iniciados ensaios clínicos para MM refratários. A partir daí, outras ações sobre o plasmócito e microambiente medular foram eficazes contra a doença, não somente em refratários ou recaídos, mas também como terapia de indução e/ou de manutenção da remissão. No Serviço de Hematologia do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre foram acompanhados 35 portadores de mieloma múltiplo, em uso de doses baixas (100 mg) de talidomida, pelas indicações: 13 – manutenção pós-TMO, 11 – pós-indução, 5 – recaída, 4 – refratariedade e 2 – terapia de indução. O estudo vigorou entre março/01 a dez/03. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: nível Hb, pico da imunoglobulina sérica ou urinária e o número de plasmócitos na medula óssea. As medidas foram tomadas pré-talidomida e após 3, 6 e 12 meses. A taxa de imunoglobulina foi o padrão ouro para avaliação de resposta. Os resultados: a dose terapêutica tolerada em 48% dos pacientes foi 100 mg; 65% dos tratados para induzir remissão (11 pacientes) apresentaram melhora entre 25%-50% no nível da imunoglobulina sérica; 87,5% daqueles que usaram para manutenção de remissão (13 pós-TMO/ 11 pós-indução) mantiveram o mesmo plateau inicial.Over the last two decades, we have seen a radical change in therapy and progression of multiple myeloma, a malignant hematologic disease that is still considered fatal. Recent investment and research on mechanisms that interfere in the physiopathogenesis and bone marrow microenvironment are turning control and regression of the malignant plasma cell clone into something achievable, which may change expectations related to this disease. The new idea of using an old drug, thalidomide, has shown to be effective in multiple myeloma. In 1997, using the known effects of immunomodulation and antiangiogenesis of this drug, clinical trials were started in patients with unresponsive disease. Other therapeutic interventions in the bone marrow microenvironment and plasma cells have been added and proved to be efficacious, not only as a therapy for refractory patients, but also for induction and/or remission maintenance therapy. Thirty-five patients with multiple myeloma were treated with low-dose thalidomide (100 mg) and followed up. Thirteen were on maintenance therapy after bone marrow transplantation, eleven started thalidomide after induction therapy, five after relapse, four were refractory to usual therapies and two had induction therapy with thalidomide. The study took place in the Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation service of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, from March 2001 to December 2003. Hemoglobin levels, serum or urine immunoglobulin peaks and bone marrow plasma cell counts were evaluated. These parameters were assessed before starting with the drug and after 3.6 and 12 months of usage. The immunoglobulin level was considered the gold standard to evaluate the response. The results showed that 100 mg was the tolerable dose for 51% of the patients. Sixty-five percent of those who used thalidomide for induction therapy showed a 25 to 50% improvement in immunoglobulin serum levels and 90% of the patients on maintenance therapy (13 after bone marrow transplantation, 11 after induction), sustained the same immunoglobulin levels of the initial plateau

Impact of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Coinfection on the Evolution of Schistosoma mansoni-Induced Granulomatous Liver Injury in Mice

The pathogens Schistosoma mansoni and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis share common geographic areas, determining infectious diseases with high mortality rates worldwide. Histopathological and immunological changes induced by each pathogen are well understood; however, the host responses to S. mansoni and P. brasiliensis coinfection are still unknown. Thus, we investigated liver damage and cytokines production in a murine model acutely and chronically coinfected with these pathogens. Fourty male Swiss mice were infected with S. mansoni and P. brasiliensis alone or coinfected. The animals were euthanized with 50 (acute infection) and 120 (chronic infection) days of infection. All infected animals exhibited liver inflammation. Intense granulomatous inflammation was detected in animals infected with S. mansoni alone and those coinfected. Productive and involutive granulomas were clearly observed in acute and chronic infections, respectively. Granuloma size was reduced in the acute phase and increased in the chronic phase of S. mansoni and P. brasiliensis coinfection, compared with animals infected only with S. mansoni. In the chronic phase of infection, the granulomatous inflammation in coinfected animals was characterized by intense neutrophils accumulation and reduced eosinophils number. IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-5 circulating levels were increased in all infected groups. Coinfected animals presented attenuated IFN-γ and IL-4 production in the acute and chronic infections. Taken together, our findings indicate that coinfected animals exhibited a differential modulation of granulomatous inflammation during the acute and chronic phases of infection, which was potentially associated with a divergent profile of cytokines production and migration of neutrophils and eosinophils in response to S. mansoni and P. brasiliensis antigenic stimulation