Structural Defects in TiNi-Based Alloys after Warm ECAP

The microstructure, martensitic transformations and crystal structure defects in the Ti50Ni47.3Fe2.7 (at%) alloy after equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP, angle 90°, route BC, 1–3 passes at T = 723 K) have been investigated. A homogeneous submicrocrystalline (SMC) structure (grains/subgrains about 300 nm) is observed after 3 ECAP passes. Crystal structure defects in the Ti49.4Ni50.6 (at%) alloy (8 ECAP passes, angle 120°, BC route, T = 723 K, grains/subgrains about 300 nm) and Ti50Ni47.3Fe2.7 (at%) alloy with SMC B2 structures after ECAP were studied by positron lifetime spectroscopy at the room temperature. The single component with the positron lifetime t1 = 132 ps and t1 = 140 ps were observed for positron lifetime spectra (PLS) obtained from ternary and binary, correspondingly, annealed alloys with coarse-grained structures. This t1 values correspond to the lifetime of delocalized positrons in defect-free B2 phase. The two component PLS were found for all samples exposed by ECAP. The component with t2 = 160 ps (annihilation of positrons trapped by dislocations) is observed for all samples after 1–8 ECAP passes. The component with t3 = 305 ps (annihilation of positrons trapped by vacancy nanoclusters) was detected only after the first ECAP pass. The component with t3 = 200 ps (annihilation of positrons trapped by vacancies in the Ti sublattice of B2 structure) is observed for all samples after 3–8 ECAP passes

INHIBITORS ON BASE OF ACETALS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES FOR PROTECTION OF STEELS FROM CORROSION-MECHANICAL DAMAGE

Four inhibitors of the corrosion-mechanical steel damage have been developed; the fields of their application have been determined; the protective action mechanism of the inhibitors has been determined by different tool methods and according to the calculations of the protective ability indices of the organic composition molecules. Three inhibitors of corrosion-mechanical damage (KMD) have been developed for the corrosive media modelling the hydrogen sulphide-containing natural and simultaneous gases. The high efficiency of inhibitor KMD "Reaktor-G" in the stratal waters of different fields has been specified. The procedure of using one of the production waste - dimethyldioxane has been proposed. The introduction of the inhibitor "Reaktor-1" in the Oil-Gas Generating Board "Krasnokholmskneft" for protection of the oil collection system pipe-lines from internal corrosion and maintenance of the stratal pressure enabled in period from 01.02.94 to 05.04.94 to the Rostopenergo to decrease the quantity of equipment failures 1,82 time and to use the inhibitor KMD for protection of the technological equipment and oil collection system pape-linesAvailable from VNTIC / VNTIC - Scientific & Technical Information Centre of RussiaSIGLERURussian Federatio

Specific Features of Biocorrosion of the Circulation Cooling System in the Petrochemical Industry

The circulating water of the cooling systems of petrochemical enterprises has a number of special features: the temperature of cooling water is in the range of 14-28 °С all year round, the evaporation of water in cooling towers increases the concentration of dissolved salts. Inevitable ingress of hydrocarbons, dosing of corrosion inhibitors, scaling, reagents for dispersing and softening of the water creates favorable conditions for micro- and macroorganisms development. Existing standards stipulate that the number of viable bacterial cells in planktonic form should not exceed 10 cells/ml, the number of bacteria in the adhered form is not regulated, nevertheless these organisms in particular lead to biocorrosion. During the assessing of the biological degradation of water cycle equipment materials, it was studied the micro- and macroorganisms that populate the surface of steel samples 20. Studies of the effect of this bacteria on the corrosion of steel 20 showed that this whole complex of micro- and macroorganisms, releasing metabolites into the water, also indirectly affects the processes of corrosion, and when choosing protection methods, it is necessary to take into account not only the presence and types of bacteria, but also the entire local biocenosis

Severe Wolcott-Rallison syndrome due to a nonsense mutation in the first exon EIF2AK3

Wolcott-Rallison syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by neonatal diabetes mellitus in combination with osteodysplasia and liver failure. This disease is the most common cause of neonatal diabetes mellitus in consanguineous families. Wolcott-Rallison syndrome is associated with mutations in the EIF2AK3, the gene encoding a transmembrane enzyme PERK (pancreatic endoplasmic reticulum kinase) which inhibits the synthesis of proteins in the event of misfolding in the endoplasmic reticulum. In addition to the core symptoms patients may develop multisystemic clinical manifestation including acute renal and liver failure, short stature, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, neuro-motor deficit, hypothyroidism, anemia, neutropenia, recurrent hypoglycemia. The disease is characterized by high mortality, more than 50% of patients die from fulminant liver failure. The awareness of Wolcott-Rallison syndrome is extremely low due to the rarity of detection, however in view of the severity of the disease and the unfavorable prognosis patients with this syndrome require timely diagnosis and care of well-organized team of specialists

Biodiversity of Microorganisms Colonizing the Surface of Polystyrene Samples Exposed to Different Aqueous Environments

The contamination of marine and freshwater ecosystems with the items from thermoplastics, including polystyrene (PS), necessitates the search for efficient microbial degraders of these polymers. In the present study, the composition of prokaryotes in biofilms formed on PS samples incubated in seawater and the industrial water of a petrochemical plant were investigated. Using a high-throughput sequencing of the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene, the predominance of Alphaproteobacteria (Blastomonas), Bacteroidetes (Chryseolinea), and Gammaproteobacteria (Arenimonas and Pseudomonas) in the biofilms on PS samples exposed to industrial water was revealed. Alphaproteobacteria (Erythrobacter) predominated on seawater-incubated PS samples. The local degradation of the PS samples was confirmed by scanning microscopy. The PS-colonizing microbial communities in industrial water differed significantly from the PS communities in seawater. Both communities have a high potential ability to carry out the carbohydrates and amino acids metabolism, but the potential for xenobiotic degradation, including styrene degradation, was relatively higher in the biofilms in industrial water. Bacteria of the genera Erythrobacter, Maribacter, and Mycobacterium were potential styrene-degraders in seawater, and Pseudomonas and Arenimonas in industrial water. Our results suggest that marine and industrial waters contain microbial populations potentially capable of degrading PS, and these populations may be used for the isolation of efficient PS degraders

Deposition of Boron-Doped Thin CVD Diamond Films from Methane-Triethyl Borate-Hydrogen Gas Mixture

Boron-doped diamond is a promising semiconductor material that can be used as a sensor and in power electronics. Currently, researchers have obtained thin boron-doped diamond layers due to low film growth rates (2–10 μm/h), with polycrystalline diamond growth on the front and edge planes of thicker crystals, inhomogeneous properties in the growing crystal’s volume, and the presence of different structural defects. One way to reduce structural imperfection is the specification of optimal synthesis conditions, as well as surface etching, to remove diamond polycrystals. Etching can be carried out using various gas compositions, but this operation is conducted with the interruption of the diamond deposition process; therefore, inhomogeneity in the diamond structure appears. The solution to this problem is etching in the process of diamond deposition. To realize this in the present work, we used triethyl borate as a boron-containing substance in the process of boron-doped diamond chemical vapor deposition. Due to the oxygen atoms in the triethyl borate molecule, it became possible to carry out an experiment on simultaneous boron-doped diamond deposition and growing surface etching without the requirement of process interruption for other operations. As a result of the experiments, we obtain highly boron-doped monocrystalline diamond layers with a thickness of about 8 μm and a boron content of 2.9%. Defects in the form of diamond polycrystals were not detected on the surface and around the periphery of the plate

The use of spectroscopy methods for structural analysis of CVD diamond films, polycrystalline and single-crystal diamonds

For the work results correct interpretation, it is important to study initial materials that scientists have to deal with. Currently, there are a large number of different diamond substrates. Comparison of materials among themselves allows you to determine which material you are dealing with. In this work, the methods of infrared (IR) spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy and spectrophotometry are used to study four types of diamond materials: diamond polycrystalline CVD-films; natural single-crystal diamonds; synthetic polycrystalline HPHT-diamonds (such as DSPC – diamond synthetic polycrystal by GOST 9206-80); polycrystalline CVD-diamonds CDM manufactured by E6. In work it was shown that the Raman spectroscopy allows to measure the effect of heat treatment on changes in the diamond structure, even if it is such highly advanced diamond materials as natural diamonds. Heat treatment affects the perfection of diamond crystal structure by reducing stresses and the number of defects in it due to graphitization process. The IR spectrometry method is effective for determining the shape and amount of nitrogen inclusions in diamond structure. To study polycrystalline CVD-films, the spectrophotometry method turned out to be the most effective, because it made possible to determine a small number of nitrogen defects and draw conclusions about the quality of the films. The investigation of polycrystalline diamonds CDM and DSPC demonstrated that, despite their coarse-crystalline structure, diamond crystallites consist of a highly defective diamond phase; in addition, DSPC-diamonds were studied using this method in the first time

Electric Transfer of ions of Alloying Elements in Aluminum Alloys by Magnetohydrodynamic Melt Processing

В рамках реализации проекта 16-43-242013 р_офи_м «Влияние индуцируемого электрического поля на ионы водорода в расплаве алюминиевого сплава» при поддержке ФБУ «Российский фонд фундаментальных исследований», правительства Красноярского края, Краевого государственного автономного учреждения «Красноярский краевой фонд поддержки научной и научно-технической деятельности» разработан метод магнитногидродинамической обработки (МГДО) алюминиевых расплавов. Проведенными исследованиями показано, что индуцируемое в расплаве алюминиевого сплава 1417М электрическое поле изменяет концентрацию легирующих добавок в направлении вектора электрического поля. МГДО позволяет изменить среднее значение концентрации таких легирующих элементов, как церий и лантан, по ширине слитка на 8 и 13 % соответственно. На основании теории МГДО о перемещении в индуцируемом электрическом поле заряженных частиц можно утверждать, что в условиях эксперимента (температура 700 ºC, время охлаждения 3 мин) в алюминиевом сплаве 1417М происходит частичная ионизация атомов металлов, что позволяет перемещать их в направлении вектора электрического поля. МГДО дает возможность значительно снизить энергозатраты при осуществлении процессов электропереноса в алюминиевых сплавах. Проведена успешная апробация нового метода обработки металлических сплавов, осуществляющего электроперенос элементов внутри сплава и не требующего внедрения электродов в расплав и сооружения высоковольтных установокIn the framework of the project 16-43-242013 р_офи_м «Effect of induced electric field on the ions of hydrogen in molten aluminum alloy», with the support of FBU «Russian Foundation for basic research» of the Krasnoyarsk Krai government, Regional state Autonomous institution «Krasnoyarsk regional Fund of support of scientific and scientific-technical activities» developed a method magnetohydrodynamically treatment (MHDT) aluminum melts. Conducted studies have shown that induced in the molten aluminum alloy 1417М electric field changes the concentration of alloying elements in the direction of the electric field. MHDT allows you to change the average value of the concentration of alloying elements such as cerium and lanthanum by the width of the ingot 8 and 13 %, respectively. On the basis of the theory of MHDT on the movement induced in the electric field of charged particles, it can be argued that in the experimental conditions (temperature 700 ºC, cooling time 3 min) in aluminum alloy 1417М there is a partial ionization of metal atoms, which allows to move them in the direction of the vector of the electric field. MHDT, can significantly reduce the energy consumption in the processes of electric transfer elements in aluminum alloys. Conducted successful testing of a new method of processing of metal alloys, those electrical transfer elements inside of the alloy and does not require the introduction of electrodes into the melt and installations high voltage installation

Electric Transfer of ions of Alloying Elements in Aluminum Alloys by Magnetohydrodynamic Melt Processing

В рамках реализации проекта 16-43-242013 р_офи_м «Влияние индуцируемого электрического поля на ионы водорода в расплаве алюминиевого сплава» при поддержке ФБУ «Российский фонд фундаментальных исследований», правительства Красноярского края, Краевого государственного автономного учреждения «Красноярский краевой фонд поддержки научной и научно-технической деятельности» разработан метод магнитногидродинамической обработки (МГДО) алюминиевых расплавов. Проведенными исследованиями показано, что индуцируемое в расплаве алюминиевого сплава 1417М электрическое поле изменяет концентрацию легирующих добавок в направлении вектора электрического поля. МГДО позволяет изменить среднее значение концентрации таких легирующих элементов, как церий и лантан, по ширине слитка на 8 и 13 % соответственно. На основании теории МГДО о перемещении в индуцируемом электрическом поле заряженных частиц можно утверждать, что в условиях эксперимента (температура 700 ºC, время охлаждения 3 мин) в алюминиевом сплаве 1417М происходит частичная ионизация атомов металлов, что позволяет перемещать их в направлении вектора электрического поля. МГДО дает возможность значительно снизить энергозатраты при осуществлении процессов электропереноса в алюминиевых сплавах. Проведена успешная апробация нового метода обработки металлических сплавов, осуществляющего электроперенос элементов внутри сплава и не требующего внедрения электродов в расплав и сооружения высоковольтных установокIn the framework of the project 16-43-242013 р_офи_м «Effect of induced electric field on the ions of hydrogen in molten aluminum alloy», with the support of FBU «Russian Foundation for basic research» of the Krasnoyarsk Krai government, Regional state Autonomous institution «Krasnoyarsk regional Fund of support of scientific and scientific-technical activities» developed a method magnetohydrodynamically treatment (MHDT) aluminum melts. Conducted studies have shown that induced in the molten aluminum alloy 1417М electric field changes the concentration of alloying elements in the direction of the electric field. MHDT allows you to change the average value of the concentration of alloying elements such as cerium and lanthanum by the width of the ingot 8 and 13 %, respectively. On the basis of the theory of MHDT on the movement induced in the electric field of charged particles, it can be argued that in the experimental conditions (temperature 700 ºC, cooling time 3 min) in aluminum alloy 1417М there is a partial ionization of metal atoms, which allows to move them in the direction of the vector of the electric field. MHDT, can significantly reduce the energy consumption in the processes of electric transfer elements in aluminum alloys. Conducted successful testing of a new method of processing of metal alloys, those electrical transfer elements inside of the alloy and does not require the introduction of electrodes into the melt and installations high voltage installation

Strange Hadron Spectroscopy with Secondary KL Beam in Hall D

Final version of the KLF Proposal [C12-19-001] approved by JLab PAC48. The intermediate version of the proposal was posted in arXiv:1707.05284 [hep-ex]. 103 pages, 52 figures, 8 tables, 324 references. Several typos were fixedWe propose to create a secondary beam of neutral kaons in Hall D at Jefferson Lab to be used with the GlueX experimental setup for strange hadron spectroscopy. The superior CEBAF electron beam will enable a flux on the order of $1\times 10^4~K_L/sec$, which exceeds the flux of that previously attained at SLAC by three orders of magnitude. The use of a deuteron target will provide first measurements ever with neutral kaons on neutrons. The experiment will measure both differential cross sections and self-analyzed polarizations of the produced $\Lambda$, $\Sigma$, $\Xi$, and $\Omega$ hyperons using the GlueX detector at the Jefferson Lab Hall D. The measurements will span CM $\cos\theta$ from $-0.95$ to 0.95 in the range W = 1490 MeV to 2500 MeV. The new data will significantly constrain the partial wave analyses and reduce model-dependent uncertainties in the extraction of the properties and pole positions of the strange hyperon resonances, and establish the orbitally excited multiplets in the spectra of the $\Xi$ and $\Omega$ hyperons. Comparison with the corresponding multiplets in the spectra of the charm and bottom hyperons will provide insight into he accuracy of QCD-based calculations over a large range of masses. The proposed facility will have a defining impact in the strange meson sector through measurements of the final state $K\pi$ system up to 2 GeV invariant mass. This will allow the determination of pole positions and widths of all relevant $K^\ast(K\pi)$ $S$-,$P$-,$D$-,$F$-, and $G$-wave resonances, settle the question of the existence or nonexistence of scalar meson $\kappa/K_0^\ast(700)$ and improve the constrains on their pole parameters. Subsequently improving our knowledge of the low-lying scalar nonet in general