Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-10 Gene Polymorphisms in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis and Response to Treatment after 3 Years

Cilj: Istraživalo se utječe li genetska osjetljivost na kronični parodontitis, potvrđena genotipom IL-6-572GGili alelom IL-10-592A, na rezultate nekirurške parodontne terapije (NSPT) nakon duljeg vremena. Materijal i metode: U dvije skupine raspoređeno je 37 pacijenata s kroničnim parodontitisom prema genotipu i to kao podložni (SCP) i otporni (NSCP). Svi ispitanici klinički su procijenjeni na početku i tri godine poslije NSPT-a. Uzorci krvi za određivanje polaznih vrijednosti prikupljeni su od onih koji su ispunili uvjete za sudjelovanje. Svi su primili NSPT od jednog specijalista parodontologije koji nije znao genotip statusa pacijenata. Provedena je statistička analiza usporedbom varijabli za skupine u kojima se koristio Mann-Whitneyjev U-test, između Wilcoxov test. Rezultati: Prosječna dob ispitanika bila je 47,68 ± 8,64 godine, a sudjelovalo je 51,4 % žena, 48,6 % pušača i 45,9 % konzumenata alkohola. Nakon genetske analize zaključeno je da su 70,3 % pacijenata homozigotni nositelji IL-6-572G(IL-6 SCP), a njih 46,0 % bili su nositelji alela IL-10 592A(IL-10 SCP). NSPT je smanjio sve ispitivane parametre ispitanicima (dubina sondiranja, gubitak epitelnog pričvrstka, krvarenje poslije sondiranja, postotak mjesta sa džepovima od 4 do 6 mm i ≥ 7 mm i gubitak epitelnog pričvrstka), ali ishod liječenja nije bio povezan s genotipom. Osobe s SCP-om i NSCP-om imale su slične kliničke parametre na početku tretmana i poslije tri godine. Zaključak: Unutar ove trogodišnje kohortne studije u kojoj su sudjelovali bijelci s dijagnosticiranim kroničnim parodontitisom, pojedincima podložnima parodontitisu, kako je određeno prisutnošću genotipa IL-6 -572GGili alela IL-10 -592A, nakon NSPT-a rezultat liječenja bio je sličan.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether genetic susceptibility to chronic peri-odontitis, conferred by the presence of the IL-6 -572GG genotype or the IL-10 -592A allele, influences the outcomes following a non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT)over a long period of time. Material and methods: Thirty-seven chronic periodontitis patients were divided into two groups according to genotype as susceptible (SCP) and non-susceptible (NSCP). All subjects were clinically evaluated at baseline and 3 years following NSPT. Blood samples were collected at baseline from the individuals who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. All participants received NSPT from a single periodontist who was blind to the genotype status of each patient. A statistical analysis was performed by comparing the variables between groups using the Mann-Whitney U test and between baseline and 3 years for each group using the Wilcoxon test. Results: The mean age of the population was estimated to be 47.68±8.64 years and it included 51.4% females, 48.6% smokers, and 45.9% alcohol consumers. Following a genetic analysis, 70.3% of patients were homozygous carriers of the IL-6 -572G (IL-6 SCP), and 46.0% of them were carriers, bleeding on probing, percentage of sites with 4-6mm and ≥7mm pocket depth and attachment loss) to all participants, but the treatment outcome NSCP individuals showed similar clinical parameters at baseline and at 3 years. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this 3-year prospective cohort study in Caucasians diagnosed with chronic periodontitis, individuals susceptible to periodontal disease as determined by the presence of the IL-6 -572GG genotype or the IL-10 -592A allele showed similar treatment outcome following NSPT

The coming of the Greeks to Provence and Corsica: Y-chromosome models of archaic Greek colonization of the western Mediterranean

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The process of Greek colonization of the central and western Mediterranean during the Archaic and Classical Eras has been understudied from the perspective of population genetics. To investigate the Y chromosomal demography of Greek colonization in the western Mediterranean, Y-chromosome data consisting of 29 YSNPs and 37 YSTRs were compared from 51 subjects from Provence, 58 subjects from Smyrna and 31 subjects whose paternal ancestry derives from Asia Minor Phokaia, the ancestral embarkation port to the 6^thcentury BCE Greek colonies of Massalia (Marseilles) and Alalie (Aleria, Corsica).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>19% of the Phokaian and 12% of the Smyrnian representatives were derived for haplogroup E-V13, characteristic of the Greek and Balkan mainland, while 4% of the Provencal, 4.6% of East Corsican and 1.6% of West Corsican samples were derived for E-V13. An admixture analysis estimated that 17% of the Y-chromosomes of Provence may be attributed to Greek colonization. Using the following putative Neolithic Anatolian lineages: J2a-DYS445 = 6, G2a-M406 and J2a1b1-M92, the data predict a 0% Neolithic contribution to Provence from Anatolia. Estimates of colonial Greek vs. indigenous Celto-Ligurian demography predict a maximum of a 10% Greek contribution, suggesting a Greek male elite-dominant input into the Iron Age Provence population.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Given the origin of viniculture in Provence is ascribed to Massalia, these results suggest that E-V13 may trace the demographic and socio-cultural impact of Greek colonization in Mediterranean Europe, a contribution that appears to be considerably larger than that of a Neolithic pioneer colonization.</p

PLACENTAL ENZYME POLYMORPHISMS IN NORTHERN GREECE

THE TECHNIQUES OF SEQUENTIAL ELECTROPHORESIS AND HEAT DENATURATION WERE USED IN ORDER TO STUDY THE GENETIC VARIATION IN 11 DIFFERENT GENETIC MARKERS (APH, ACCH, G-GPD, GPGD, LDH, ESD, PGM, AK1, GPI, GOTS AND GOTM) IN PLACENTAE FROM NORTHERN GREECE. THE FETAL HAEMOGLOBINS WERE ALSO EXAMINED IS SAMPLES OF CORD BLOOD. A) A NEW APH VARIANT WAS DESCRIBED. B) THE PERCENTAGES OF G-GPD DEFICIENCY DIFFER SIGNIFICANTLY IN VARIOUS DISTRICTS. C) A NEW LDH VARIANT WAS FOUND AND PERHAPS IT REPRESENTS A NEW MUTATION. D) THE THREE LOCI (ESD, GOTS, GOTM) WERE SCREENED FOR THE FIRST TIME AMONG GREEKS. E) THE COMBINATION OF DIFFERENT METHODOLOGIES USED REVEALED MORE HETEROGENEITY ONLY AT THE PGM1 LOCUS.ΜΕ ΤΗ ΜΕΘΟΔΟ ΤΗΣ ΔΙΑΔΟΧΙΚΗΣ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΟΦΟΡΗΣΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΗΣ ΔΟΚΙΜΗΣ ΘΕΡΜΟΕΥΑΙΣΘΗΣΙΑΣ ΤΩΝ "ΗΛΕΚΤΡΟΜΟΡΦΩΝ" ΜΕΛΕΤΗΘΗΚΕ ΣΕ ΔΕΙΓΜΑΤΑ ΠΛΑΚΟΥΝΤΑ Ο ΠΟΛΥΜΟΡΦΙΣΜΟΣ 11 ΓΟΝΙΔΙΑΚΩΝ ΤΟΠΩΝ. ΣΤΟ ΑΙΜΑ ΤΟΥ ΟΜΦΑΛΙΟΥ ΛΩΡΟΥ ΤΩΝ ΝΕΟΓΕΝΝΗΤΩΝ ΠΡΟΣΔΙΟΡΙΣΤΗΚΑΝ ΟΙ ΟΜΑΔΕΣ ΑΙΜΑΤΟΣ ΑΒΟ ΚΑΙ RHESUS. Α) ΑΝΑΓΝΩΡΙΣΤΗΚΕ ΜΙΑ ΝΕΑ ΠΑΡΑΛΛΑΓΗ ΑΛΚΑΛΙΚΗΣ ΦΩΣΦΑΤΑΣΗΣ. Β) ΔΙΑΠΙΣΤΩΘΗΚΕ ΕΤΕΡΟΓΕΝΕΙΑ ΩΣ ΠΡΟΣ ΤΗΝ ΚΑΤΑΝΟΜΗ ΤΗΣ ΑΝΕΠΑΡΚΕΙΑΣ ΤΗΣ ΑΦΥΔΡΟΓΟΝΑΣΗΣ ΤΗΣ 6-ΦΩΣΦΟΡΙΚΗΣ ΓΛΥΚΟΖΗΣ ΣΤΟΝ ΒΟΡΕΙΟΕΛΛΑΔΙΚΟ ΧΩΡΟ. Γ) ΠΕΡΙΓΡΑΦΗΚΕ ΠΑΡΑΛΛΑΓΗ ΓΑΛΑΚΤΙΚΗΣ ΑΦΥΔΡΟΓΟΝΑΣΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΧΑΡΑΚΤΗΡΙΣΤΗΚΕ ΜΕΡΙΚΑ. Δ) ΔΟΘΗΚΑΝ ΓΟΝΙΔΙΑΚΕΣ ΣΥΧΝΟΤΗΤΕΣ ΓΙΑ ΤΟΥΣ ΤΟΠΟΥΣ "ΕΣΤΕΡΑΣΗ D" ΚΑΙ "ΤΡΑΝΣΑΜΙΝΑΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΓΛΟΥΤΑΜΙΝΟΞΑΛΟΞΙΚΟΥ ΟΞΕΟΣ" ΓΙΑ ΠΡΩΤΗ ΦΟΡΑ ΣΤΗΝ ΕΛΛΑΔΑ. Ε) ΔΙΑΠΙΣΤΩΘΗΚΕ ΠΡΟΣΘΕΤΗ ΕΤΕΡΟΓΕΝΕΙΑ ΣΤΟΝ ΤΟΠΟ ΤΗΣ ΦΩΣΦΟΓΛΥΚΟΜΟΥΤΑΣΗΣ ΜΕ ΤΗ ΜΕΘΟΔΟ ΤΗΣ ΙΣΟΗΛΕΚΤΡΙΚΗΣ ΕΣΤΙΑΣΗΣ

Interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 gene polymorphisms and the risk of further periodontal disease progression

Abstract: Susceptible genotypes to periodontal disease are associated with disease onset and progression. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of gene polymorphisms on the risk of further disease progression and the need for further treatment among adults with chronic periodontal disease. Sixty-seven patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis were grouped according to genotype status and risk of further progression of disease and tooth loss. All individuals were clinically evaluated for probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss and bleeding on probing at baseline and 45 days after treatment. Blood samples were collected at baseline and genotyping of the polymorphisms in IL-6 (rs1800796) and IL-10 (rs1800872) genes were performed by PCR. Following DNA separation and genotyping, 65.7% of the patients were homozygous carriers of the IL-6 −572G and 49.3% were carriers of the IL-10 −592A allele. Individuals at risk of disease progression ranged from 7.5% to 62.7% based on the criteria used. Carriers of the IL-10 −592A allele were significantly associated with BOP ≥ 30% and therefore exhibited a higher risk of further periodontal breakdown (p = 0.018) with an odds ratio of 1.18. None of the other definitions of disease progression were significantly associated with the examined IL-6 and IL-10 genotypes (p > 0.05). IL-10 polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of further disease progression and the potential need for further treatment following non-surgical periodontal treatment. Susceptible IL-6 genotypes were not associated with the risk of persisting or recurrent disease activity

Genetic Studies in 5 Greek Population Samples Using 12 Highly Polymorphic DNA Loci

Two minisatellite (D1S80, D17S5) and 10 microsatellite (.D2S1328, TPO, D3S1358, D9S926, DUS2010, THOl, VWF, FES, D16S310, and D18S848) polymorphic loci were analyzed in 5 Greek population groups (eastern Macedonia, central Macedonia, Thessaly, Epirus, and Greeks from Asia Minor) using the polymerase chain reaction. The genotypes at these loci conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and pairwise comparisons between them were in agreement with the expectation of independence between loci. This along with the low values of the coefficient of gene differentiation (GST) and the high heterozygosity levels of all loci allows the use of allele frequency data from the 12 hypervariable DNA markers for medicolegal casework in the Greek population groups studied. The small genetic distances indicate a genetic affinity among the 5 population samples. However, a few markers seem to allow some discrimination among the groups. No significant differences with other European populations were found for the loci studied