Expression of the antibody 14D9 in <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> hairy roots

Nicotiana tabacum hairy roots that express the antibody 14D9 were established. The 14D9 antibody yield obtained after 20 days of culture was 5.95 μg 14D9ml-1. The addition of the reticulum endoplasmic retention sequence KDEL demonstrated a positive effect over the intracellular 14D9 amounts with a yield increase up to 20.82 μg ml-1. DMSO increased the antibody amount in the biomass from 20.00 to 64.03 μg ml-1 while PVP (at 1.5 gl-1) and gelatine (at 5.0 gl-1) increased total 14D9 amounts in the culture medium to 25 μg and 14 μg respectively.Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de AlimentosUniversidad de Buenos Aire

Analytical considerations for the successful evaluation of hyoscyamine biotransformation into 6β-hydroxyhyoscyamine and scopolamine

Hyoscyamine, 6β-hydroxyhyoscyamine and scopolamine are anticholinergic agents that belong to the tropane alkaloids, a pharmacological important group of secondary metabolites. Hyoscyamine and scopolamine were historically used in medicine. Additionally, potential medical applications for 6β- hydroxyhyoscyamine were described in the last years. Previous works carried out in our lab allowed us the construction of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain harboring the Hyoscyamine-6β-hydroxylase (H6H) enzyme which is responsible of the conversion of hyoscyamine into 6β-hydroxyhyoscyamine and scopolamine. Several factors influenced and complicated the optimization of the hyoscyamine bioconversion process. The aim of this work was to evaluate the analytical factors that critically affect the performance of the alkaloid extraction and the detection and quantification method of the alkaloids implied in the biocatalytical process. The mechanical breakdown of yeast cells by continuous agitation at 4 °C in 2 mL tubes was the method of choice for an efficient recovery of the functional H6H enzyme. In addition, the different pH assayed for the alkaloid extraction caused significant variations in the recovery of the alkaloids, specifically impacting on scopolamine recovery which decreased a 35 % after the increase of the pH of the extraction. The development of robust and sensitive analytical methods was requisite for the correct monitoring and quantification of the alkaloids produced in order to evaluate the technological and economic feasibility of this process.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Crude oil price differentials, product heterogeneity and institutional arrangements

We adopt time-series and cross-section methods to analyse long-term relationships between pairs of crude oil prices and assess how physical and institutional factors affect their speed of reaction to exogenous shocks. Using a methodological approach which does not require identifying specific crudes as benchmarks, we show that the overwhelming majority of prices have stable long term relationships. We also find that crudes with physical similarity converge quickly after a shock, while prices for oil produced in OPEC countries are relatively slow to revert to equilibrium after a shock. © 2014 Elsevier B.V

A pair-wise analysis of the law of one price: Evidence from the crude oil market

This paper applies a pairwise approach to investigate the validity of the law of one price in the crude oil markets. Price differentials appear smaller between crude oil pairs with similar physical/chemical characteristics and also for pairs within OPEC. © 2015

Effects of elicitation on solasodine production by Solanum Eleagnifolium Cav. hairy root cultures

El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar de distintos elicitores sobre la producción de solasodina por cultivos de raíces transformadas de Solanum eleagnifolium Cav. Se ensayaron: quitosano 10 y 100 mg/l, hemicelulasa 0.1 y 0.2 mg/l, H2O2 17 y 170 mg/l, AgNO3 0,14 mg/l y homogenatos de los hongos Hormonema sp. y Phytium sp., los cuales no produjeron diferencias significativas en la acumulación de solasodina respecto del control. Asimismo cuando se elicitó con un homogenato de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum se produjo una disminución de la concentración del alcaloide de 30% respecto al control, atribuible a la posibilidad de que la elicitación con este hongo haya inducido la producción de sesquiterpenos en vez de alcaloides como la solasodina.The effect of several elicitors on solasodine production by hairy root cultures of Solanum eleagnifolium Cav. was studied. When chitosan 10 and 100 mg/l, hemicelullase 0.10 and 0.2 0 mg/, H2O2 17 and 170 mg/l, Ag- NO3 0,14 mg/l and Hormonema sp. and Phytium sp´s homogenates were used as elicitors no effect on solasodine production was observed. When homogenates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were used the solasodine production decreased about 30% respect to the control. This behavior could be attributed to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum elicitation induced the sesquiterpenes biosynthesis instead of alkaloids production.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

RESEARCH ARTICLE - Expression of the antibody 14D9 in Nicotiana tabacum hairy roots

Nicotiana tabacum hairy roots that express the antibody 14D9 were established. The 14D9 antibody yield obtained after 20 days of culture was 5.95 μg 14D9ml-1. The addition of the reticulum endoplasmic retention sequence KDEL demonstrated a positive effect over the intracellular 14D9 amounts with a yield increase up to 20.82 μg ml-1. DMSO increased the antibody amount in the biomass from 20.00 to 64.03 μg ml-1 while PVP (at 1.5 gl-1) and gelatine (at 5.0 gl-1) increased total 14D9 amounts in the culture medium to 25 μg and 14 μg respectively

Effects of elicitation on solasodine production by Solanum Eleagnifolium Cav. hairy root cultures

El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar de distintos elicitores sobre la producción de solasodina por cultivos de raíces transformadas de Solanum eleagnifolium Cav. Se ensayaron: quitosano 10 y 100 mg/l, hemicelulasa 0.1 y 0.2 mg/l, H2O2 17 y 170 mg/l, AgNO3 0,14 mg/l y homogenatos de los hongos Hormonema sp. y Phytium sp., los cuales no produjeron diferencias significativas en la acumulación de solasodina respecto del control. Asimismo cuando se elicitó con un homogenato de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum se produjo una disminución de la concentración del alcaloide de 30% respecto al control, atribuible a la posibilidad de que la elicitación con este hongo haya inducido la producción de sesquiterpenos en vez de alcaloides como la solasodina.The effect of several elicitors on solasodine production by hairy root cultures of Solanum eleagnifolium Cav. was studied. When chitosan 10 and 100 mg/l, hemicelullase 0.10 and 0.2 0 mg/, H2O2 17 and 170 mg/l, Ag- NO3 0,14 mg/l and Hormonema sp. and Phytium sp´s homogenates were used as elicitors no effect on solasodine production was observed. When homogenates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were used the solasodine production decreased about 30% respect to the control. This behavior could be attributed to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum elicitation induced the sesquiterpenes biosynthesis instead of alkaloids production.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Cultivo de raíces transformadas: Producción de Solasodina por Solanum eleagnifolium Cav. y de tiófenos por Tagetes laxa Cabrera

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Crude oil price differentials, product heterogeneity and institutional arrangements

We adopt time-series and cross-section methods to analyse long-term relationships between pairs of crude oil prices and assess how physical and institutional factors affect their speed of reaction to exogenous shocks. Using a methodological approach which does not require identifying specific crudes as benchmarks, we show that the overwhelming majority of prices have stable long term relationships. We also find that crudes with physical similarity converge quickly after a shock, while prices for oil produced in OPEC countries are relatively slow to revert to equilibrium after a shock. © 2014 Elsevier B.V

A pair-wise analysis of the law of one price: Evidence from the crude oil market

This paper applies a pairwise approach to investigate the validity of the law of one price in the crude oil markets. Price differentials appear smaller between crude oil pairs with similar physical/chemical characteristics and also for pairs within OPEC. © 2015