Heritability of Quantitative Traits in F1 and F2 Progenies of some Domestic and Foreign Tobacco Varieties

Aim of this paper was to investigate heredity of plant height, number of leaves per plant, middle zone leaf area, green mass yield and dry matter yield per plant in F1 and F2 progeny of four tobacco varieties: Prilep – P12-2/1, Pobeda – P-2, Jaka –YV125/3 and Forchheimer Ogrodowny – FO. In F1 progeny the highest narrow-sense heritability value was estimated for dry matter yield per plant while in F2 progeny was for middle zone leaf area. In both investigated generations the highest broad-sense heritability value was estimated for green mass yield per plant, while the lowest narrow and broad-sense heritability was estimated for number of leaves per plant

Investigations of Combining Abilities in Diallel Set of Varieties Belonging to Several Tobacco Types

General and specific combining abilities were investigated for the characters stalk height, leaf number, fresh mass and dry mass per stalk in four parental genotypes (Burley B-2/93, pink flower Suhum - S1, white flower Suhum - S2 and Prilep P-84) together with their six diallel F1 hybrids with the aim of improving the process of creation of new varieties. The trial was set up in 2007 at the Experimental field of Tobacco Institute-Prilep in randomized block design with four replications. For the analysis of the combining abilities, Griffing’s Method 2 Model 1 was used. The best general combiner for stalk height and fresh/dry yield mass per stalk was B-2/93, and for leaf number it was P-84. Hybrids S2 x P-84 and S1 x P-84 showed the best SCA for stalk height. The three varieties in these two combinations showed low GCA for the same character. The only combination with high SCA for leaf number per stalk was S1 x S2 (hybrid created from two lines of a same variety, differing only by their flowers color, which indicates an intravarietal hybridization, applied as a method for maintenance of varieties, in order to prevent degeneration and to increase the biological potential of the variety). Hybrids B-2/93 x S2, B-2/93 x P-84 and B-2/93 x S1 have high SCA for fresh/dry mass yield per stalk. In all three combinations, maternal variety B-2/93 was with high GCA values, and parental varieties with low GCA values

Investigations of Combining Abilities in Diallel Set of Varieties Belonging to Several Tobacco Types

General and specific combining abilities were investigated for the characters stalk height, leaf number, fresh mass and dry mass per stalk in four parental genotypes (Burley B-2/93, pink flower Suhum - S1, white flower Suhum - S2 and Prilep P-84) together with their six diallel F1 hybrids with the aim of improving the process of creation of new varieties. The trial was set up in 2007 at the Experimental field of Tobacco Institute-Prilep in randomized block design with four replications. For the analysis of the combining abilities, Griffing’s Method 2 Model 1 was used. The best general combiner for stalk height and fresh/dry yield mass per stalk was B-2/93, and for leaf number it was P-84. Hybrids S2 x P-84 and S1 x P-84 showed the best SCA for stalk height. The three varieties in these two combinations showed low GCA for the same character. The only combination with high SCA for leaf number per stalk was S1 x S2 (hybrid created from two lines of a same variety, differing only by their flowers color, which indicates an intravarietal hybridization, applied as a method for maintenance of varieties, in order to prevent degeneration and to increase the biological potential of the variety). Hybrids B-2/93 x S2, B-2/93 x P-84 and B-2/93 x S1 have high SCA for fresh/dry mass yield per stalk. In all three combinations, maternal variety B-2/93 was with high GCA values, and parental varieties with low GCA values

Tobacco Breeding for Leaves and Yield

The aim of this study was to investigate the mode of inheritance of leaf number per stalk, area of the middle belt leaves and yield of dry leaf mass per stalk in four F1 tobacco hybrids. These tobacco hybrids were obtained by crossing five varieties, four of which are Oriental in the role of mother and one Broadleaf as a father. Investigations were made in 2020 and 2021. The most common mode of inheritance is negative dominance for the first trait, partial for the second trait and intermediate dominance for the third trait. There is no heterosis. The best results considering the size of the middle belt leaves and the yield of dry mass gave P-76%252F86 x B-1%252F91. The obtained mode of inheritance is an indicator of good selection of individuals in future generations and quick fixation and stabilization of the traits. The four hybrid combinations represent very interesting starting material for tobacco breeding

ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF TOBACCO VARIETIES OF TOBACCO TYPE “PRILEP”

Opće je poznato da svaka poljoprivredna proizvodnja ima za cilj stjecanja ekonomske koristi za proizvođača. Financijski učinak duhana ovisi o njegovoj kvaliteti i urodu. Cilj ovog rada je dati ekonomsku ocjenu duhana aktualni sorti orijentalnoaromatičnog tipa “Prilep”, odnosno preko analize prinosa suhog duhana i dobivenih prosječnih cijena, prikazati bruto-prihod po jedinici povšine (ha). Istraživanja su vršena u Duhanskom institutu u Prilepu tijekom 2009. i 2010. godine na pokusnom polju u 4 ponavljanja metodom randomiziranih blokova. Predmetom ovih ispitivanja obuhvaćene su slijedeće sorte: P-23 (kontrola), P 12-2/1, NS-72, P-66-9/7, P-79-94 i Prilep basma 82. Prinos i kvaliteta suhog duhana navedenih sorti određeni su Pravilnikom kvalitativne i kvantitativne procjene sirovog duhana u listu za orijentalne-aromatične tipove duhana (“Sl. list” R.M. br. 16/2007 i br. 114/2010). Potom su izračunati prinos u kg/ha, prosječne cijene u €/kg i bruto-prihod u €/ha. Rezultati su pokazali da najveće prinose i kvalitetu imaju sorte P-66-9/7 i Prilep basma 82, što garantira veći bruto-prihod po jedinici površine uspoređujući s drugim vrstama (P-66-9/7 = 8183.33 €/ha, Prilep basma 82 = 8568.20 €/ha). Ova su istraživanja pokazala da je proizvodnja duhana isplativa poljoprivredna djelatnost u Republici Makedoniji s pravilnim, odgovarajućim izborom sorte i primjenom suvremenih agrotehničkih mjera.In general every agricultural production has a specific goal for the producer to gain certain economic benefits. The financial effect of tobacco production depends on the tobacco yield and quality. The goal of this paper was to perform an economic evaluation of tobacco varieties of popular oriental aromatic type Prilep by analysis of dry tobacco yield and quality as well as the given average price (economic parameters) to present the gross income per unit of area (ha). All researches were performed in the Scientific Tobacco Institute – Prilep in the period between 2009 and 2010 in field experiments with four repetitions, set by the method of random blocks system. Varieties P-23 (control), P 12-2/1, NS-72, P-66-9/7, P-79-94 and Prilep basma 82 were used in the researches. Dry tobacco yield and quality of the varieties were established in accordance with the Book of regulations for quantitative and qualitative evaluation of dry tobacco leaves of oriental aromatic tobacco types (Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia no.16/2007 and no.114/2010). Afterwards the yield presented in kg/ha, the average price and the gross income presented in euros were mathematically calculated. The results show that the varieties P-66-9/7 and Prilep basma 82 have the highest level of yield and quality, which guarantees higher gross income per unit of area, when compared to other varieties (P-66-9/7 = 8183,33 €/ha; Prilep basma 82 = 8568,20 €/ha). From the researches we can see that tobacco production is a profitable agricultural activity in the Republic of Macedonia if the variety is carefully chosen and modern agrotechnical measures are applied

STUDY OF QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS IN ORIENTAL TOBACCO GENOTYPES

Ten genotypes of oriental tobacco (three varieties and sevennewly created lines) were investigated for some major morphologicaland agronomic traits: height of the plant without inflorescence, leafnumber per plant, length/width of the middle belt leaves and dry massyield/plant. The trial was set up in the Experimental field of TobaccoInstitute–Prilep in 2016 and 2017, in randomized block design with fourreplications, using traditional agricultural practices. Measurements ofthe first three traits were made in the stage of butonization andbeginning of flowering, while the dry mass yield was recorded duringthe treatment of cured tobacco. The results were statistically processed.The aim of the research is to study the quantitative traits of Orientalgenotypes, to determine the stability of the population through theirvariability and to emphasize the best among the selected assortment.From the set of genotypes we selected three superior lines with a highdegree of homogeneity. The coefficient of variation of quantitative traitsin these lines was lower than 10%, which is a sign of their stability. Aftertheir acceptance by the Commission for recognition and approval ofvarieties within the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and WaterEconomy of R. Macedonia, these genotypes will be placed on the market

Heritability of Quantitative Traits in F1 and F2 Progenies of some Domestic and Foreign Tobacco Varieties

Summary Aim of this paper was to investigate heredity of plant height, number of leaves per plant, middle zone leaf area, green mass yield and dry matter yield per plant in F1 and F2 progeny of four tobacco varieties: Prilep -P12-2/1, Pobeda -P-2, Jaka -YV125/3 and Forchheimer Ogrodowny -FO. In F1 progeny the highest narrow-sense heritability value was estimated for dry matter yield per plant while in F2 progeny was for middle zone leaf area. In both investigated generations the highest broad-sense heritability value was estimated for green mass yield per plant, while the lowest narrow and broad-sense heritability was estimated for number of leaves per plant

INVESTIGATIONS OF SAME MORPHOLOGICAL AND AGRONOMY TRAITS IN ORIENTAL TOBACCO GENOTYPES

Two oriental tobacco varieties and eight newly created lines were investigated for some major morphological and agronomic traits: height of the plant with inflorescence, leaf number per plant, length of the middle belt leaves and dry mass yield per plant. The trial was set up in the Experimental field of Scientific Tobacco Institute – Prilep in 2016 and 2017, in randomized block design with four replications, using traditional agricultural practices. Measurements of the first three traits were made in the stage of the beginning of flowering, while the dry mass yield was recorded during the treatment of cured tobacco. The results were statistically processed. The aim of the research is to investigate the morphological traits and yield of Oriental genotypes, to determine the stability of the genotypes through their variability and to stand out the best among the selected material. From the kit of genotypes we selected three superior lines with a high degree of homogeneity (one of the type Prilep and two of the type Yaka). The coefficient of variation of quantitative traits in these lines was lower than 10%, which is a sign of their stability. After their acceptance by the Commission for recognition and approval of varieties within the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Economy of Republic of Macedonia, these genotypes will be released into circulation

VARIABILITY OF THE MOST IMPORTANT QUANTITATIVE PROPERTIES IN SOME VARIETIES OF TOBACCO TYPE BURLEY

The morphological properties that characterize the type of tobacco or the variety in one type are known as qualitative and quantitative. The quantitative properties are regularly conditioned from the impact of a larger number of genes and also they depend from the environment factors. The investigations are done in 2015 on experimental field in the Scientific Tobacco Institute in Prilep, with four repetitions with following varieties: Posejdon (control), BD-1, B-1246 and one new perspective line DP-1710. The aim of this investigationes is to show the variability of the most important quantitative properties: height of the plant with inflorescence, the number of leaves per plant and the length and width of the biggest and the smallest leaf from the middle harvesting belt in tobacco type Burley. The results from the research are processed statistically by these parameters: average value (x̄), average value error (Sx ), standard deviation (S), variation coefficient (CV) and variation width (WV). From the research, we established that the subject varieties are stable enough, the variability is very low because everywhere the variation coefficient was lower than 10%. However, the newly created line DP -1710 is with the slightest variation in the tested properties. Among other things, it is on average the highest (x̄ = 188 cm) and has the largest leaves (x̄ = 63 cm), which is a positive feature in coarse tobacco of this type