cannabis sativa L. e as suas aplicações em oncologia : que futuro?

Monografia realizada no âmbito da unidade de Estágio Curricular do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, apresentada à Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de CoimbraO interesse da comunidade científica pelas propriedades medicinais da Cannabis sativa L. tem sido crescente nas últimas décadas. Aparentemente, são várias as patologias às quais se podem aplicar os seus constituintes. Atualmente já são comercializados alguns fármacos à base de canabinóides, como o Casamet®, o Sativex® e o Marinol®. O aumento da prevalência de doenças oncológicas leva à procura incessante por novas alternativas terapêuticas. Estarão os canabinóides no futuro da oncologia? A aplicabilidade destes compostos tem-se centrado nas náuseas, no apetite e na dor. No entanto, sobressai a ação anti-tumural demonstrada pelos constituintes da Cannabis sativa L. Esta monografia pretende reunir e sintetizar a informação encontrada na literatura acerca do uso medicinal da canábis em oncologia.The interest of the scientific community for the medicinal properties of Cannabis sativa L. has been growing in recent decades. Apparently, there are several conditions to which they can apply their constituents. Currently, exist in the market some drugs based on cannabinoids, as Casamet®, Sativex® and Marinol®. The increasing prevalence of cancer diseases leads to the incessant search for new therapeutic alternatives. Will be cannabinoids in oncology future? The applicability of these compounds has focused on nausea, appetite and pain. However, stands the antitumor action shown by constituents of Cannabis sativa L. This paper aims to gather and synthesize the information found in the literature about the medical use of cannabis in oncology

The uses of magic realism in Hollywood adaptations of Allende's The house of the spirits and Esquivel's Like water for chocolate

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras/Inglês e Literatura Correspondente.O objetivo deste estudo é investigar como a estética do realismo mágico, que está diretamente ligada ao contexto sócio-político da América Latina, foi traduzida para uma narrativa Hollywoodiana. O trabalho realiza uma análise comparativa entre os romances do gênero realismo mágico A Casa dos Espíritos (1982), de Isabel Allende, e Como Água Para Chocolate (1989), de Laura Esquivel, e as adaptações dos livros ao cinema. Uma análise dos dois filmes, A Casa dos Espíritos (1993), de Bille August, e Como Água Para Chocolate (1993), dirigido por Alfonso Arau, em relação a elementos cinematográficos tais como mise-en-scene (cenário, iluminação, figurino e personagens), enredo, narrativa, motivação e linhas de ação nos leva à conclusão de que Arau obteve mais sucesso do que August ao transferir a estética do realismo mágico para o cinema

Utilização da técnica do AgNOR em Patologia: Uma Revisão de Literatura

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Odontologia.As regiões organizadoras nucleolares (NORs) são segmentos de DNA que estão localizados nos braços curtos dos cromossomos acrocêntricos humanos 13,14,15,21 e 22. As NORs transcrevem o RNA ribossômico, o qual será traduzido para proteína, formando os ribossomos, que participarão da síntese proteica. Esses segmentos de DNA são denominados AgNORs pois são marcados seletivamente pelo nitrato de prata, sendo identificados, em uma lâmina histológica, como pontos castanhos ou negros dentro das células. As NORs estão diretamente relacionadas com a atividade celular proliferativa, ou seja, quanto maior é a atividade proliferativa de uma célula, maior a quantidade de NORs encontrada. A técnica do AgNOR consiste, portanto, da ligação do nitrato de prata as NORs, e ela tem sido amplamente empregada como marcador de atividade proliferativa em processos patológicos, já que nestes a proliferação celular está aumentada em relação aos padrões considerados normais. Visto isso, o presente trabalho consiste em revisar a literatura científica para verificar a aplicabilidade da técnica de marcação pelo AgNOR nas diferentes patologias que tem manifestação buco-maxilo-facial.Nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) are segments of DNA that are located on the short arms of the human acrocentric chromosomes 13,14,15,21 and 22. NORs transcribe messenger RNA, which is translated into protein, forming the ribosomes, which participate in protein synthesis. These DNA segments are called AgNOR are selectively marked by silver nitrate, being identified in a histological slide, as black or brown spots in the cells. NORs are directly related to cell proliferative activity, ie, the higher proliferative activity of a cell, the greater the amount of NORs found. The AgNOR technique is therefore binding of silver nitrate NORs, and it has been widely used as a marker of the proliferative activity in pathological processes, since in these processes cell proliferation is increased compared to normal standards. Based on this, the present work consists in a review of the literature to evaluate the applicability of the AgNOR technique in different pathologies that have maxillo-facial manifestation

Trigona branneri (Hymenoptera: Apidae) as a Collector of Honeydew from Aethalion reticulatum (Hemiptera: Aethalionidae) on Bauhinia forficata (Fabaceae: Caesalpinoideae) in a Brazilian Savanna

The presence of aggregates of A. reticulatum on Bauhinia has been reported, but the insects were mainly attended by ants of the genus Camponotus, and stingless bees were not regularly recorded in aggregations. We observed a colony of thetreehopper A. reticulatum and stingless bees, Trigona branneri, interacting on Bauhinia forficata (Fabaceae). Agonistic behavior was observed in bees when another individual of the same species or ants approached. Although this is not proof that the interaction between stingless bees and treehoppers is mutualistic, the interactions between ants and this insect are common and mutualistic. Thus, if T. branneri effectively provides protection for the aphids, a new mutualism can be the focus of future research to determine if the bee-aphid interactions have same ecological functions as the ant-aphid interactions

Social Movements and Institutional Change: The Pro-Indigenous Struggle for Land Tenure and Citizenship in Brazil (1968-2016)

Based on the analysis of a multi-level and inter-sectoral trajectory of pro-indigenous mobilization in Brazil, this dissertation examines how social movements contribute to gradual and long-term processes of institutional change. To do so, it draws on social movement theory, pragmatist institutional theory and cultural sociology to develop a dynamic model of mobilization and institutional change that foregrounds the organization of society within multiple and partially overlapping institutional sectors and emphasizes the dynamic and recursive interactions between movements and ever-shifting institutional contexts of action. This model is deployed in the analysis of a long-term trajectory of mobilization over indigenous land tenure and citizenship rights in Brazil from 1968 until 2016. The trajectory is composed of seven episodes, each of which is characterized by a constellation of repertoires, sites and targets of contention. I analyze the institutional, organizational and cultural outcomes of these episodes, examining how they add up to landmark moments in which institutional contexts of mobilization change significantly and mark a transition between periods of contention. By examining and comparing across these episodes, I identify two social mechanisms, understood as recurrent social processes linking initial conditions to outcomes, which were central for the movement’s ability to influence processes of institutional change: (a) the formation of inter-sectoral networks of contention and (b) institutional framing. I use the term inter-sectoral network formation to refer to processes through which ties of cooperation and mobilization are constructed and activated by actors situated across institutional sectors in the midst of contention. By incorporating different institutional repertoires into the movement and opening up multiple channels of claim-making, this mechanism increases the responsive capacity and the resilience of movements vis-à-vis shifting contexts of action. I use the term institutional framing to refer to the collective and public processes through which activists attribute and dispute the meaning of society-wide institutional elements that are relevant for their goals. By framing institutions, many of which ensue from previous episodes of contention, movements contribute to institutional innovation and produce a sense of continuity between different episodes, periods and sectors of mobilization