Удосконалення комерційної діяльності як фактор підвищення конкурентоспроможності підприємства

Additional file 5. ELISA to assess the interaction between Campylobacter -specific nanobodies and purified MOMP. The saturation binding curve of the interaction between coated MOMP (1 µg/mL) and a His-tagged nanobody (1 × 10−6 to 1 × 102 µg/mL) was obtained via ELISA. The dose-dependent inhibitory effect of a strep-tagged nanobody (1 × 10−6 to 1 × 102 µg/mL) on the interaction between His-tagged Nb84 (5.10−2 µg/mL) and MOMP (1 µg/mL), is demonstrated in the competition binding curve. Inhibition by strep-tagged (A) Nb5, (B) Nb22, (C) Nb23, (D) Nb24, (E) Nb49, (F) 84, (G) Nb15, (H) Nb32, (I) Nb34, (J) Nb45, (K) Nb48 and (L) Nb63, was assessed. The ELISA was developed with mouse anti-Histidine tag monoclonal antibody and goat anti-mouse IgG conjugated to alkaline phosphatase. The error bars represent the standard deviations

Supplement 1. BUGS/JAGS code and instructions for estimation of pathogen prevalence and for Jolly-Seber model to estimate population size and recapture rates.

<h2>File List</h2><div> <a href="Prevalence_model.txt">Prevalence_model.txt</a> (MD5: 35f23b9016b32b621e40a79dc635c578)<br> <a href="Mark_recapture_model.txt">Mark_recapture_model.txt</a> (MD5: 2e949f7d1d7d151680af797f68a55123)</div><h2>Description</h2><div> <p>The supplements contain the BUGS/JAGS code needed to carry out the analysis. Details of how to prepare data are provided within the individual files.</p> <p>The first supplement (Prevalence_model.txt) describes a simple binomial model that allows estimation of pathogen prevalence from the results of a screening session. It also provides a predictive version of the same model, where the sample size of a screening session is predicted using estimates of population size and probability of recapture.</p> <p>The second supplement (Mark-recapture_model.txt) contains the BUGS/JAGS code to implement the Jolly-Seber model for estimation of population size and recapture rates. This model is adapted from the code provided in Ch. 10 of Kéry and Schaub (2011).</p> <p>MD5 hash values for supplements Prevalence_model.txt and Mark-recapture_model.txt, as calculated by HASHCALC:</p> <p>Prevalence_model.txt: 3329b38577e9f557a428711dd2b6949f</p> <p>Mark-recapture_model.txt: 8de12a049abbf56538f682ea9c205ffc</p> </div

MOESM3 of Amphibian chytridiomycosis: a review with focus on fungus-host interactions

Additional file 3. Chemotaxis of B. dendrobatidis towards amphibian skin mucus. Experimental set-up and results from in vitro experiments examining chemotaxis of B. dendrobatidis towards skin mucus isolated from Xenopus laevis

Boletín de Segovia: Número 120 - 1884 octubre 3

Copia digital. Madrid : Ministerio de Cultura. Subdirección General de Coordinación Bibliotecaria, 200

Efficacy of chemical disinfectants for the containment of the salamander chytrid fungus <i>Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans</i>

<div><p>The recently emerged chytrid fungus <i>Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans</i> (<i>Bsal</i>) causes European salamander declines. Proper hygiene protocols including disinfection procedures are crucial to prevent disease transmission. Here, the efficacy of chemical disinfectants in killing <i>Bsal</i> was evaluated. At all tested conditions, Biocidal^®, Chloramine-T^®, Dettol medical^®, Disolol^®, ethanol, F10^®, Hibiscrub^®, potassium permanganate, Safe4^®, sodium hypochlorite, and Virkon S^®, were effective at killing <i>Bsal</i>. Concentrations of 5% sodium chloride or lower, 0.01% peracetic acid and 0.001–1% copper sulphate were inactive against <i>Bsal</i>. None of the conditions tested for hydrogen peroxide affected <i>Bsal</i> viability, while it did kill <i>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</i> (<i>Bd</i>). For <i>Bsal</i>, enzymatic breakdown of hydrogen peroxide by catalases and specific morphological features (clustering of sporangia, development of new sporangia within the original sporangium), were identified as fungal factors altering susceptibility to several of the disinfectants tested. Based on the <i>in vitro</i> results we recommend 1% Virkon S^®, 4% sodium hypochlorite and 70% ethanol for disinfecting equipment in the field, lab or captive setting, with a minimal contact time of 5 minutes for 1% Virkon S^® and 1 minute for the latter disinfectants. These conditions not only efficiently target <i>Bsal</i>, but also <i>Bd</i> and <i>Ranavirus</i>.</p></div

Catalase activity of <i>Bsal</i> isolate AMFP and <i>Bd</i> isolate JEL 423.

<p>Mean values are shown (n = 3). Error bars represent the standard deviation (SD).</p

MOESM4 of Amphibian chytridiomycosis: a review with focus on fungus-host interactions

Additional file 4. Chemotaxis of B. dendrobatidis towards free integumental sugars. Experimental set-up and results from in vitro experiments examing chemotaxis of B. dendrobatidis towards the free integumental sugars α-L-fucose, α-D-N-acetylgalactosamine, β-D-N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylneuraminic acid or sialic acid, α-D-galactose and α-d-mannose

Suboptimal disinfectant conditions for <i>Bsal</i>.

<p>Suboptimal disinfectant conditions for <i>Bsal</i>.</p

Efficacy of chemical disinfectants in killing <i>Bsal</i> and <i>Bd</i>.

<p>Fig 2 summarises the effect of various chemical disinfectants on zoospores and zoosporangia of <i>Bsal</i> and <i>Bd</i> after exposure to listed concentrations and contact times. AI: active ingredient. Conditions shaded grey were evaluated <i>in vitro</i> during this study while other data were gathered from literature.</p

Annual counts of juvenile toads from Fragile co-existence of a global chytrid pathogen with amphibian populations is mediated by environment and demography

Total counts of juvenile Bombina variegata per site per yea