The Influence of Human Resource Practices on Job Satisfaction: A Study Among Employees of an Enforcement Agency

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between human resource management ( HRM ) practices in enforcement agencies employees related to their job satisfaction. First of all, the study will concentrate on factors such as performance management system, training and development and compensation and benefits in relation with job satisfaction in the enforcement agency. The aims of this study is to identify whether this three factors such as performance management system, training and development and compensation and benefits were positively correlated with employees' job satisfaction. The respondents of the study is consist of the 120 employees from Royal Malaysia Customs of Perlis. The result from the research done revealed that three component measure of human resource practices is valid. It is found that there was a significant relationship between human resource practices toward employees' job satisfaction. This is confirming that performance management system, training and development and compensation and benefits is very important to influence employees' job satisfaction. When the employees satisfied with their jobs, the contribution given by the them can ensure the organization's goals achieved as whole

Dietary And Lifestyle Factors Associated With Risk Ofcolorectal Adenoma In Patients At Hospital Kuala Lumpur

Cancer is now the third leading cause of death in Malaysia and one in four Malaysians is at risk of developing cancer. In Peninsular Malaysia, there was a slight decline in percentage of colon (-0.2%) and rectal (-0.2%) cancer incidence in males in the year 2003 compared to the previous year as reported by National Cancer Registry (2004). Yet, there was an increase in percentages of these cancer incidences in women (+0.4% in colon cancer and +0.7% in rectal cancer). Colorectal cancers are thought to develop over a period of several years, and most of them develop from benign, neoplastic adenomatous polyps (Bond, 2000). Colorectal adenomas have been shown, but not always, significantly related to various dietary and lifestyle factors. These factors have yet to be reported in relation to colorectal polyps in the Malaysian population. This case-control study was carried out to determine the relationship between dietary and lifestyle characteristics, and risk for colorectal adenomas among Malaysians. After screening for inclusion and exclusion criteria, 11 8 men and women with good cognition and who were at least 30 years at the time of interview and have undergone colonoscopy in Hospital Kuala Lumpur were enrolled in the this study upon obtaining ethical clearance. Fifty nine patients diagnosed with colorectal adenomas were recruited as case subjects, while a similar number of patients diagnosed negative for any polyps were recruited as controls. A structured and pre-tested interviewer administrated questionnaire was used for data collection. The fasting blood samples were collected by trained and qualified nurse, and analyzed using relevant analysis in the laboratory. The collected data were then analyzed with SPSS version 12.0. Multivariate analysis concluded that the higher servings of fruits (adjusted OR = 0.150, 95% CI = 0.052 - 0.434) and vegetables (adjusted OR = 0.344, 95% CI = 0.149 - 0.794), crude fibre intake (adjusted OR = 0.659, 95% CI = 0.481 - 0.905) and plasma levels of total cholesterol (adjusted OR = 5.370, 95% CI = 1.861 - 15.495), LDL (adjusted OR = 1.093, 95% CI = 1.022 - 2.386) and vitamin E (adjusted OR = 0.481, 95% CI = 0.306 - 0.758) found to significantly contribute to the risk for colorectal adenomas, upon adjusting for potential covariates. A larger study and possibly a prospective study which recruits study subjects from various places in Malaysia will be an excellent effort to confirm these findings. Interventions with focuses on behavioural change may be able to reduce one's risk for colorectal adenomas which in the long-term reduce hisher risk for developing colorectal cancer in the future

Rituals and Beliefs of the Karisal Region People in the Works of K. Rajanarayanan

Regional literature is one of the emerging disciplines of today. Regional writers create their work to reflect the lifestyles of the people in their community. In that aspect, in the writings of K. Rajanarayanan, the pioneer writer of the Karisal region, the people of the Karisal region are only included. In all of his works, KR has recorded his own soil, people, and also their roots. He narrates soulful stories without embellishing them decoratively. Beliefs are created by people, and those people are protected by society. Rituals and beliefs play a major role in man's perception of himself and society. Since the primary occupation of the Karisal people was agriculture, they were in close contact with nature. During the festivals, these people imprint the design of the trident "Sulam Saathi" on the back of a beautiful calf and bestow it on the temples. In the wedding rituals of these people, the wedding will take place over three days. The bride and groom will be led in a procession. The ritual will be held during the day. In his works, KR mentions in his literary works that these people are emigrants from the Telugu state and have high faith in Perumal and will go to see him only after God appears in a dream and invites them. Rain is man's lifeblood, and life cannot exist without it. Life will be questionable if it does not rain. The people of the Karisal region, who consider agriculture as their main occupation, are forced into extreme poverty because of severe drought when the monsoon season fails. These people, who depend on the rain for their livelihood, perform some rituals to make it rain. There was a belief among the people that if they went from house to house together and poured the cooked porridge of various grains into a bowl, mixed it together, and drank it as rain porridge, it would rain. They do not forget the soil, whether it rains or doesn’t rain. As they set up their lives depending on the soil, the affectionate feeling they have for the soil can be traced back to the role of the Annarapaakka gounder. The purpose of this article is to explore the rituals and beliefs mixed with the life of the Karisal region in the works of K.R

Female friendship in ancient literature

Sangam literature is a mirror to the time which clearly reveals the life of the people of the Sangam age. These verses help us to understand the life of the ancient Tamils. Sangam literature is the foremost literature of ancient Tamil. Our forefathers divided this distinction into Agam and Puram literatures. In these verses, the tamil people's home ness, lifestyle, customs, beliefs, tactics, politics, the way of life of the poets, the gifts, the rituals of the people, etc., are reflected. In the Agam literature, there are men like Thalaivan, Thalaivi, Thozhi, Nurse, Nattai, Bhanga, Panan, Virali and Koothar. Life concepts in Tamil literature. It depicts the inner and outer lives of the people. There are Eight anthologies and ten idylls mns that appeared during the Sangam period. The qualities of today's people like love, morality and morality are declining. The main objective of this article is to develop and direct it among the people

Manickavasagar's Devotional Code

Tamil literature has the distinction of overcoming time. From the Sangam age to the present day, the literature produced in the Tamil language reflected the linguistic personality of the Tamil scholars. Bhakti literature has a special place in the literature written in tamil language. In bhakti literature, there is an abundance of bhakti literature which removes the darkness of man's ignorance and paves the path of God and helps man to attain liberation through the suppression of mind, body and five elements. Thiruvasagam sung by Manickavasagar as one of the eighth Thirumarai books is unique. There is a proverb that says, 'thiruvasagathu urugathar oru vasagathukum urugar’. In thiruvasagam, which is in accordance with that language, the songs contain the natural events that take place in the life of a human being. In Thiruvasagam, the glory of the Lord and the dignity of music take place. Thiruporchunnam, Thiruthellenam, Thiruvembavai, etc., contained in this book, are based on various practical activities that take place in the daily lives of the people. Saivism is considered to be one of the foremost religions in Tamil Nadu. It is said that there are four who are considered to be responsible for flourishing at this time. This article will narrate the biography of Manickavasagar, his devotion to Lord Shiva and the significance of the songs he sang to the Lord due to his feeling of devotion

The Shepherds of the Sangam Age - Ethnographic View

Humans lived in mountains and caves in the early days of human history. Later, due to the increase in population, they went to the forest edifice of Mullai land. They domesticated and reared animals like buffalo, cows, and goats for the needs of their lives. Since sheep and cattle are multiplying rapidly in this land, they should have stayed there and established their lives. Therefore, it can be said that Mullai land shepherd communities were formed there. The fact that Mullai land was the abode of the gods under the banyan tree and near the water resources indicates that these places were places of worship. Only Mullaikali speaks of embracing bulls as a symbol of the tradition of the people of Mullai land. It can be seen that there was a custom of marrying the shepherds of Mullai land. This article is aimed at examining the way in which they lived in harmony with their lives by considering cattle as wealth