Application of 3D printing to prototype and develop novel plant tissue culture systems

Additional file 6. STL (StereoLithography) file was designed for an accessory lid without fan slot using SketchUp or Fusion 360 (Autodesk) software and the STL file was processed using MatterControl 3D printing software and exported as gcode files

Canine Babesiosis in Northwestern India: Molecular Detection and Assessment of Risk Factors

In the current study, a total of 214 blood samples from dogs in and around Ludhiana, Punjab (India), suspected for canine babesiosis were examined with conventional and molecular assays. Examination of Giemsa-stained peripheral thin blood smears revealed an overall prevalence of 7.47% (16/214) for canine babesiosis encompassing 0.93% (2/214) of large Babesia and 6.54% (14/214) of Babesia gibsoni. However, molecular diagnosis revealed 15.42% (33/214) samples positive for B. gibsoni infection as evident by the presence of 671 bp amplicon. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the prevalence of B. gibsoni was associated with various risk factors, namely, age (P<0.001; OR: 0.398; CI 95%: 0.080–1.799), sex (P=0.022; OR: 0.849; CI 95%: 0.403–1.791), breed of host (P=0.371; OR: 3.345; CI 95%: 1.045–10.710), and season (P=0.230; OR: 2.143; CI 95%: 0.788–5.830). The prevalence of B. gibsoni was higher in summer as compared to winter season and in younger dogs, while breed and sex of the host were not significantly associated with the occurrence of the disease

Lung Abscess – Missed, then Found!

Lung abscess, a liquefactive necrosis of the lung tissue, presents as an air-fluid level in a cavity on chest X-ray. But sometimes it can entirely be missed on chest X-rays and can cause delay in diagnosis and so appropriate management. In such situations, computed tomography of chest can clinch the diagnosis. We are presenting here such a situation where lung abscess was detected on CT chest, whereas the chest radiography totally missed it

Idiopathic clubbing: A case report

Clubbing of the fingers and toes has been recognized as a clinical manifestation of intra thoracic disease from the earliest times. Hippocrates particularly described the condition as occurring with advanced phthisis and empyema and emphasized the importance of the changes as diagnostic of purulent pleural effusion. Many subsequent authors have described clubbing of the fingers associated with chronic disease of the heart or lungs, but it is still rare in medical literature to find the condition mentioned as being of primary origin. We here present the case of 24 years old female having developed clubbing of all fingers that had no found secondary cause after an extensive search and so thought to be of primary origin

Vertigo in Elderly – Common but Complicated

Dizziness and its subtype vertigo are common complaints occurring in all age groups after teenage but, it become a major health problem in elderly because of the frequency with which it affects the elder population and leads to direct and indirect consequences. Causes of vertigo in the elderly are not totally different from young population but to some extent they are different too. In elderly, the causation of dizziness and vertigo is interplay multiple factors, so its diagnosis and management differs from other age groups. This review is aimed at highlighting the special aspects of dizziness and vertigo in the elderly

Polycystic Kidney Disease – A cause for Low backache

Polycystic kidney disease is one of the common inherited diseases affecting the renal system, though it can be an acquired condition too. It can present as wide variety of symptoms and can also be incidental finding on abdominal imaging done for some other purpose. Polycystic kidney disease can be missed for a long duration if a strong suspicion is not there in the mind of physician based on the in detail knowledge of this condition. We here are presenting a short case report of a middle aged female who was having polycystic kidney disease but diagnosed considerably late

Synthesis and antibacterial activity of pyridylselenium compounds: Self-assembly of bis(3-bromo-2-pyridyl)diselenide via intermolecular secondary and pi center dot center dot center dot pi stacking interactions

Various pyridylseleniums and their hydrochloride salts have been synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial activities. SEM, TEM and enzyme profiling techniques have been used to investigate the mode of action of these compounds as antibiotics. Single crystal X-ray study of bis(3-bromo-2-pyridyl) diselenide (6b) has also been reported. The molecule 6b displays pi center dot center dot center dot pi stacking and pi center dot center dot center dot Br secondary interactions leading to a supramolecular self-assembly. A search on Cambridge Structural Database was undertaken to identify the pi center dot center dot center dot pi stacking interactions in various other bis(2-pyridyl) diselenides. (C) 2014 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved

Lithiation of N,N,N ',N '-tetraisopropylpyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide: synthesis, characterization and single crystal X-ray studies of chalcogen (Se/Te) derivatives of N,N,N ',N '-tetraisopropylpyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide

The lithiation of N,N,N',N'-tetraisopropylpyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide (1) and its application in the synthesis of chalcogen (Se/Te) derivatives was investigated. It was found that the selectivity of the reaction changed with the change in the amount of n-BuLi used. The lithiation of 1 with 6.1 equiv of n-BuLi followed by subsequent reactions with selenium/tellurium and iodomethane exclusively afforded the monosubstituted chalcogen derivative (2a/2b) in excellent yield. However, the use of 2.1 or 4.2 equiv of n-BuLi gave two additional products along with 2a/2b. One of the isolated products corresponded to the double lithiation of 1 and the other to the ortho lithiation followed by nucleophilic addition of n-BuLi to the one of the two carbonyl moieties. The prepared compounds have been characterized by single crystal X-ray crystallography, NMR (H-1, C-13, Se-77 and Te-125), IR, UV-Visible and Mass spectroscopy. Crystal structure of N,N,N',N'-tetraisopropyl-3,5-bis(methyltelluryl)pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide (3b) reveals a strong intramolecular C center dot O center dot center dot center dot Te secondary and intermolecular Te center dot center dot center dot pi pyridyl interactions. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved