Respiratory symptoms and gastroesophageal reflux in adult population of more than 20 years old in Shahrekord

Background and Aim: Association between gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and respiratory diseases has been known for a long time. There are few epidemiological studies on general population in the world, and little is known about a possible association between respiratory symptoms and reflux in Iran . Method: A sample of 5492 adults (more than 20 years old) was randomly selected for the study, from them 4762 subjects agreed to take part (86.7%). The medical students interviewed all of the subjects. Results: The prevalence of monthly reflux symptoms and active asthma were 25.5% and 6.7% respectively. The correlation between reflux and asthma had a confidence interval of (2.60–3.43 ) and an odds ratio of 2.99. The correlation between chronic bronchitis and reflux had a confidence interval of (1.43–2.58) and an odds ratio of 1.92. Conclusion: These findings indicates that epigastric pain in many asthmatic and chronic bronchitis patients may be due to reflux

Prevalence of chronic Bronchitis in Shahrekord, 1998

تاکنون مطالعه جامعی جهت بررسی شیوع برونشیت مزمن به عنوان نماینده بیماری های انسدادی ریه، در ایران منتشر نشده است. شهرکرد با ارتفاع کم نظیر خود در ایران به علت کمبود نسبی فشار هوا و اکسیژن به نظر می رسد که شهر نامناسبی برای زیست افراد مبتلا به برونشیت مزمن باشد، زیرا حتی در افراد سالم نیز میزان شیوع فشار اکسیژن خون شریانی نسبتا کم است. از طرف دیگر چون صنایع آلوده کننده هنوز در این منطقه بطور کامل پا نگرفته اند و مراحل اولیه رشد خود را طی می کنند، میزان آلودگی هوا کم می باشد و بدین جهت احتمالا تعداد کمتری از افراد به این بیماری مبتلا می باشند. برای تحقیق در صحت و سقم این فرضیات بررسی زیر انجام گرفته است. در این مطالعه ابتدا به صورت Proportional cluster random sampling تعدادی از منازل شهر انتخاب شدند و سپس دانشجویان پزشکی با مراجعه به این خانه ها و مصاحبه با تک تک افراد خانه ها پرسشنامه استاندارد تنفسی ماخوذ از کتاب Fishman pulmonary disease and disorder را در محل پر کردند. تعداد نمونه 2000 نفر تعیین شد و افراد مورد مطالعه شامل 49 مرد و 51 زن بودند. در جمعیت مورد مطالعه فراوانی سرفه مزمن 7.4، سرفه صبحگاهی 6 و علائم استاندارد برونشیت مزمن (سرفه حداقل سه ماه در طول سال به مدت بیش از دو سال) در 1.8 از موارد وجود داشته است. باتوجه به سن بیماران نتایج زیر بدست می آید در سنین زیر بیست سال تنها 0.7 از افراد مبتلا هستند درحالی که بین 50-20 سال این عدد به 1.9 رسیده و در افراد بالای 50 سال به 7.1 بالغ می شود، که ارقام اخیر از کشورهای غربی مختصری بیشتر است

Sample Survey of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Associated Risk Factors in Isfahan, Iran

ABSTRACT Background: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the number of individuals with chronic bronchiti

Prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome in Shahrekord, Iran.

BACKGROUND As part of a public health program, we studied the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) as per the Rome II criteria, in Shahrekord community in Iran. METHODS The study was conducted between August 2002 and March 2003. Of 5492 randomly selected subjects aged 20 years and above (from a total population of approximately 100,000), 4762 (86.7%) successfully completed interviews to fill in a questionnaire that looked into demographic data and various symptoms during the last one year. RESULTS The 12-month prevalence of IBS was 5.8%. The female-to-male ratio among subjects with IBS was 1.17:1 and was similar to that among those without IBS. Pain relieved by defecation was reported by 427 (9%) subjects, pain associated with change in bowel habit by 340 (7.1%), and pain associated with change in the form of stool by 337 (7.1%) subjects. CONCLUSION The prevalence of IBS in Shahrekord is lower than that reported from Western developed countries and is closer to that in Asian populations

Pulmonary function tests in ulcerative colitis

Background: Pulmonary impairment in patients suffering ulcerative colitis (UC) has been suggested by several investigators using standard pulmonary function tests (PFTs). This changes in pulmonary function associated with minimal respiratory symptoms have been documented, especially in patients with active disease. The aim of this prospective study was to determine airway resistance and lung volumes in patients with UC who have no respiratory symptoms in comparisons to a healthy control group. Materials and Methods: We evaluated a total of 30 patients with UC by means of spirometry, body plethysmography, and impulse oscillometry. The patients were not complaining of any pulmonary symptoms and did not present any history of previous respiratory diseases. As controls we examined 30 healthy subjects matched for gender, age, and smoking status. The relationship between PFT, lung volume, and airway resistance; and the activity, localization, and duration of the UC disease were analyzed. Results: There was a significant difference between airway resistances (kPa/L/s) measured by body plethysmography in patients with UC and those of the controls (R5hz; 0.60 +/- 0.44 vs. 0.39 +/- 0.13; P 0.05). Conclusion: Despite the lack of pulmonary symptoms, increased airway resistance was found in UC patients. We also have not found correlation between PFT, lung volume and airway resistance values and scoring of UC activity

Evaluation of alveolar basement membrane function in the diabetes mellitus patients

چکیده: زمینه و هدف: افزایش ضخامت غشاء پایه آلوئولی در مبتلایان دیابت تیپ یک و دو همراه با درگیری عروق کوچک ریه در آتوپسی‌ها گزارش شده است. برای ارزیابی فونکسیون غشاء پایه آلوئولی از اندازه گیری ظرفیت انتقال گاز منواکسید کربن در ریه استفاده می‌شود. هدف این مطالعه بررسی ظرفیت انتشار منواکسید کربن ریه در بیماران مبتلا به دیابت می باشد. روش بررسی: در یک مطالعه توصیفی - تحلیلی ظرفیت انتشار منواکسید کربن ریه در 70 (55 زن و 15 مرد) بیمار مبتلا به دیابت بدون سابقه بیماری قلبی، ریوی، کلیوی، کم خونی و بدون شکایت از علایم تنفسی اندازه گیری شد. 55 زن و 15 مرد سالم با خصوصیات مشابه بیماران برای گروه کنترل انتخاب شدند. در گروه بیماران و کنترل که اسپیرومتری طبیعی داشتند. ظرفیت انتشار منواکسید کربن ریه بصورت متد یکبار تنفس انجام شد. داده ها با استفاده از آزمون آماری t-student تجزیه و تحلیل شد. یافته ها: میزان متوسط ظرفیت انتشار منواکسید کربن ریه در بیماران مبتلا به دیابت بدون علایم تنفسی و گروه کنترل به ترتیب 4/2±65/9 و 79/1±10/9 میلی مول بر دقیقه بر کیلو پاسکال بود (05/0P>). همچنین میزان ظرفیت اصلاح شده حجمی تبادل منواکسید کربن در ریه نسبت به گروه کنترل تفاوت معنی‌دار نداشت. نتیجه گیری: این مطالعه نشان دهنده عدم کاهش ظرفیت انتشار منواکسید کربن در ریه در بیماران دیابتی بدون علایم تنفسی است که نشان دهنده سلامت بستر آلوئول و کاپیلرهای ریه ای می باشد. با استناد به این مطالعه به نظر می رسد انسولین استنشاقی در بیماران دیابتی بدون عوارض عروقی بخوبی جذب شود

Comparison of prevalence rates of restless legs syndrome, self-assessed risks of obstructive sleep apnea, and daytime sleepiness among patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD)

Prevalence rates for restless legs syndrome (RLS) and risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in individuals with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) and Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS) are unknown. The aims of the present study were to assess symptoms of RLS and self-assessed risks of OSA in individuals with NMOSD and CIS, to compare these prevalence rates with those of persons with multiple sclerosis (MS), and to associate RLS and OSA with expanded disability status scale (EDSS) scores, daytime sleepiness, fatigue, paresthesia, and medication.; A total of 495 individuals (mean age = 34.92 years, 84.9% females) were assessed. Of these, 24 had NMOSD, 112 had CIS and 359 had MS. Trained neurologists ascertained individuals' neurological diagnoses, assessed their EDSS scores, and conducted a clinical interview to assess RLS. Additionally, participants completed questionnaires covering sociodemographic information, risks of snoring and OSA, daytime sleepiness, fatigue, paresthesia and medication.; Prevalence rates of RLS were 45.8% in NMOSD, 41.1% in CIS, and 28.7% in MS. Prevalence rates of self-assessed risks of OSA were 8.3% in NMOSD, 7.7% in CIS, and 7.8% in MS; these rates were not significantly different. Across the entire sample and within the diagnostic groups, RLS and OSA scores were unrelated to EDSS, daytime sleepiness, fatigue or medication.; Individuals with NMOSD, CIS and MS have high prevalence rates for RLS and self-assessed risks of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), which are unrelated to EDSS, daytime sleepiness, fatigue, paresthesia, or medication. Sleep issues should be monitored during routine check-ups for individuals with NMOSD and CIS

Prevalence of the Common Cold Symptoms and Associated Risk Factors in a Large Population Study

ABSTRACT Background: Common cold is the most frequent illness managed in general practice. Data regarding prevalence of th

Determination of the incidence of cardiovascular composite events in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A 3-year follow-up

Background: The occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and its health-related issues, especially cardiovascular diseases (CVD), are increasing in developing countries. With a 3-year follow-up study, the present study aimed to determine the incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with OSA in an Iranian population.Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 415 adults (300 patients with OSA and 115 patients without OSA) with a history of snoring and/or witnessed apneas or other suspected sleep breathing disorders were consecutively enrolled and followed up for three successive years to evaluate the development of cardiovascular events including acute coronary syndrome, cerebrovascular accidents (including ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes or transient ischemic attacks), death due to cardiac causes and all-cause mortality. Results: 415 patients were studied with a mean age of 56.2 ±15.7 years, 211 (50.8) of whom were male. Cardiovascular events developed in 15 participants (5%) of the OSA group, and 3 participants (2.6 %) of the OSA negative group. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of the incidence of any of these events (P-value> 0.05). Using multiple logistic regression model (with P-value <0.2 as the significance level), age, OSA, and history of CVD remained as significant predictors for the development of cardiac composite events (incidence of CVD, CVA, death due to cardiac causes, and all-cause mortality) with the odds ratios of (95% confidence interval) 1.03 (1.01, 1.06), 2.41 (1.02, 5.76), and 7.40 (2.91, 18.67), respectively.Conclusions: The present study showed that OSA is associated with a more than twofold increased risk of cardiovascular events. Thus, obstructive sleep apnea should be considered an independent cardiovascular risk factor