Organizational Ethos and Corporate Criminal Liability

The quintessential principal of corporate governance is that the corporation\u27s business should be conducted in order to enhance corporate profit and shareholder gain. Traditionally, corporations have been required to act within the boundaries established by the law and have been permitted to take into account ethical considerations that are reasonably regarded as appropriate for the conduct of the business. Professor Amoroso canvasses the case law and literature addressing the standard of corporate criminal liability and hypothesizes that the recently enacted Chapter Eight of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines will ensure that organizationale thics will assume a more significant role in the conduct of corporate business. Chapter Eight will encourage the establishment of internal ethics mechanisms, will ensure that compliance with ethical codes will no longer be dismissed as irrelevant by the courts, and may encourage a movement away from traditional standards of corporate criminal liability by encouraging firms to actively detect and discourage corporate misconduct

Cellular automata on regular rooted trees

We study cellular automata on regular rooted trees. This includes the characterization of sofic tree shifts in terms of unrestricted Rabin automata and the decidability of the surjectivity problem for cellular automata between sofic tree shifts

ELIMINATION OF THE CHARACTERIZATION OF DWPF POUR STREAM SAMPLE AND THE GLASS FABRICATION AND TESTING OF THE DWPF SLUDGE BATCH QUALIFICATION SAMPLE

A recommendation to eliminate all characterization of pour stream glass samples and the glass fabrication and Product Consistency Test (PCT) of the sludge batch qualification sample was made by a Six-Sigma team chartered to eliminate non-value-added activities for the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) sludge batch qualification program and is documented in the report SS-PIP-2006-00030. That recommendation was supported through a technical data review by the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) and is documented in the memorandums SRNL-PSE-2007-00079 and SRNL-PSE-2007-00080. At the time of writing those memorandums, the DWPF was processing sludge-only waste but, has since transitioned to a coupled operation (sludge and salt). The SRNL was recently tasked to perform a similar data review relevant to coupled operations and re-evaluate the previous recommendations. This report evaluates the validity of eliminating the characterization of pour stream glass samples and the glass fabrication and Product Consistency Test (PCT) of the sludge batch qualification samples based on sludge-only and coupled operations. The pour stream sample has confirmed the DWPF's ability to produce an acceptable waste form from Slurry Mix Evaporator (SME) blending and product composition/durability predictions for the previous sixteen years but, ultimately the pour stream analysis has added minimal value to the DWPF's waste qualification strategy. Similarly, the information gained from the glass fabrication and PCT of the sludge batch qualification sample was determined to add minimal value to the waste qualification strategy since that sample is routinely not representative of the waste composition ultimately processed at the DWPF due to blending and salt processing considerations. Moreover, the qualification process has repeatedly confirmed minimal differences in glass behavior from actual radioactive waste to glasses fabricated from simulants or batch chemicals. In contrast, the variability study has significantly added value to the DWPF's qualification strategy. The variability study has evolved to become the primary aspect of the DWPF's compliance strategy as it has been shown to be versatile and capable of adapting to the DWPF's various and diverse waste streams and blending strategies. The variability study, which aims to ensure durability requirements and the PCT and chemical composition correlations are valid for the compositional region to be processed at the DWPF, must continue to be performed. Due to the importance of the variability study and its place in the DWPF's qualification strategy, it will also be discussed in this report. An analysis of historical data and Production Records indicated that the recommendation of the Six Sigma team to eliminate all characterization of pour stream glass samples and the glass fabrication and PCT performed with the qualification glass does not compromise the DWPF's current compliance plan. Furthermore, the DWPF should continue to produce an acceptable waste form following the remaining elements of the Glass Product Control Program; regardless of a sludge-only or coupled operations strategy. If the DWPF does decide to eliminate the characterization of pour stream samples, pour stream samples should continue to be collected for archival reasons, which would allow testing to be performed should any issues arise or new repository test methods be developed

Conjugacy of one-dimensional one-sided cellular automata is undecidable

Two cellular automata are strongly conjugate if there exists a shift-commuting conjugacy between them. We prove that the following two sets of pairs $(F,G)$ of one-dimensional one-sided cellular automata over a full shift are recursively inseparable: (i) pairs where $F$ has strictly larger topological entropy than $G$, and (ii) pairs that are strongly conjugate and have zero topological entropy. Because there is no factor map from a lower entropy system to a higher entropy one, and there is no embedding of a higher entropy system into a lower entropy system, we also get as corollaries that the following decision problems are undecidable: Given two one-dimensional one-sided cellular automata $F$ and $G$ over a full shift: Are $F$ and $G$ conjugate? Is $F$ a factor of $G$? Is $F$ a subsystem of $G$? All of these are undecidable in both strong and weak variants (whether the homomorphism is required to commute with the shift or not, respectively). It also immediately follows that these results hold for one-dimensional two-sided cellular automata.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures, accepted for SOFSEM 201

Unravelling the role of Sm 4f electrons in the magnetism of SmFeO3_3

Magnetic rare-earth orthoferrites $R$FeO$_3$ host a variety of functional properties from multiferroicity and strong magnetostriction, to spin-reorientation transitions and ultrafast light-driven manipulation of magnetism, which can be exploited in spintronics and next-generation devices. Among these systems, SmFeO$_3$ is attracting a particular interest for its rich phase diagram and the high temperature Fe-spin magnetic transitions, which combines with a very low temperature and as yet unclear Sm-spin ordering. Various experiments suggest that the interaction between the Sm and Fe magnetic moments (further supported by the magnetic anisotropy), is at the origin of the complex cascade of transitions, but a conclusive and clear picture has not yet been reached. In this work, by means of comprehensive first-principles calculations, we unravel the role of the magnetic Sm ions in the Fe-spin reorientation transition and in the detected anomalies in the lattice vibrational spectrum, which are a signature of a relevant spin-phonon coupling. By including both Sm-$f$ electrons and non-collinear magnetism, we find frustrated and anisotropic Sm interactions, and a large magnetocrystalline anisotropy mediated by the SOC of the Sm-$4f$ electrons, which drive the complex magnetic properties and phase diagram of SmFeO$_3$

Bis[4-amino-N-(pyrimidin-2-yl-κN)benzene­sulfonamidato-κN](4,4′-di­methyl-2,2′-bipyridine-κ2 N,N′)cadmium dimethyl­formamide disolvate

In the title compound, [Cd(C10H9N4O2S)2(C12H12N2)]·2C3H7NO, the CdII ion lies on a twofold rotation axis, is six-coordinated by N atoms, and displays a trigonal–prismatic geometry arising from the two sulfadiazinate ligands and one 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine ligand. Both ligands are bidentate and coordinate via their N atoms. The O and carbonyl C atoms of the dimethyl­formamide mol­ecule show disorder and were modelled with two different orientations and with site occupancies of 0.584 (10):0.416 (10). The geometry around the sulfadiazine S atom is distorted tetra­hedral. The crystal structure involves N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds which link mol­ecules into a three-dimensional network. Weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds are also observed

The Pussy Hat: An intersection between needlework, feminism, and identity

On January 21, 2017, over one million individuals participated in the Women\u27s March on Washington. Media coverage noted the strong collective visual statement created by a sea of bright pink pussyhats with top corners resembling cat ears. The purpose of this study was to employ Identity Theory to explore the making and wearing of pussyhats as a weapon of resistance for women (Parker, 1984, Introduction). Content analysis of 40 mainstream news articles and editorials between November 8, 2016 and March 8, 2017 revealed a notable frequency of specific terms occurring more than ten times. These terms were aligned with the three enabling factors of identity salience: esteem, social connections, and media connections/visibility. Results indicate the presence of an identity where needlearts and feminism intersect. Making and wearing the pussyhat demonstrates an ever-evolving concept of feminism, which holistically encompasses the wide range of expressions and activities available to contemporary women

Dual modal imaging agents based on chromophore-bearing DTPA analogues

Two new DTPA analogues, centrally (L1) and terminally (L2) functionalised with a 1,8-naphthalimide chromophore, have been successfully prepared and fully characterized.</p

Experimental and Simulation Study of a High Current 1D Silicon Nanowire Transistor Using Heavily Doped Channels

Silicon nanowires have numerous potential applications, including transistors, memories, photovoltaics, biosensors and qubits [1]. Fabricating a nanowire with the required characteristics for a specific application, however, poses some challenges. For example, a major challenge is that, as the transistors dimensions are reduced, it is difficult to maintain a low off-current (Ioff) whilst simultaneously maintaining a high on-current (Ion). Some sources of this parasitic leakage current include quantum mechanical tunnelling, short channel effects and statistical variability [2, 3]. A variety of new architectures, including ultra-thin silicon-on-insulator (SOI), double gate, FinFETs, tri-gate, junctionless and gate all-around (GAA) nanowire transistors, have therefore been developed to improve the electrostatic control of the conducting channel. This is essential since a low Ioff implies low static power dissipation and it will therefore improve power management in the multi-billion transistors circuits employed globally in microprocessors, sensors and memories