Street Trading Activities and Maternal Health in Urban Areas of Nigeria

The study assessed the health risks associated with street trading activities among selected mothers in urban centers of Nigeria The data used was extracted from national survey data among 3 873 street traders selected in various Central Business Districts CBDs across three major cities of Nigeria namely Lagos Kano and Port Harcourt The study showed that street trading has provided job opportunities for mothers but the impact of the business on their welfare is not visible considering their weekly income that is far below their weekly expenditure Respondents with primary secondary and tertiary education are 0 879 0 553 and 0 818 less likely to be injured while trading on the street compared to individuals who have no formal education The authors suggest due recognition to be given to the activity and that street traders-government partnership be established in order to safeguard the health of the operator

The effectiveness of PMTCT in the Free State - An anonymously linked cord blood survey

Includes bibliographical references.[ Background ] PMTCT has become freely available in many African countries however the impact of these interventions at the population level has not been widely estimated. [ Aim ] The aim of this study was to estimate the proportion of HIV infected/exposed mother and infant pairs who received the appropriate prophylaxis. [ Methods ] Cord blood specimens were collected anonymously from women delivering in 10 facilities in the Free State from November 2007 to April 2008. Collected specimens were tested for antibodies to HIV. Specimens found to be seropositive were tested for the presence of nevirapine using chromatography. All PMTCT sites used single dose nevirapine as the minimum prophylaxis, a few used dual therapy including zidovudine and nevirapine and some included nevirapine-based HAART for eligible women. Information was also collected from the clinical records. Maternal PMTCT coverage was determined through cord blood chromatography and infant coverage was determined from documentation of receipt on the clinical records. [ Results ] 1619 specimens were collected from women who gave birth to live infants were collected and tested (3.6% collection rate). 472 specimens tested positive for HIV antibodies on cord blood testing giving an HIV prevalence of 29.2% (95% CI 26.9-31.4%). Only 45.8% (95% CI 41.2-50.4%) of the 472 live infants born to HIV-infected mothers received both the maternal and infant doses of ARV prophylaxis. Reasons for failed dosing included, pre-test counseling not offered, refused testing, positive test resultnot received, prophylaxis was not dispensed, mother did not adhere and infant did not receive the prophylaxis dose. [ Conclusion ] This study showed that coverage in the Free State Province is poor despite the national expansion of PMTCT services to all antenatal sites. Failures occurred at each step of the PMTCT cascade and resulted in low coverage. Interventions should be introduced at each step of the PMTCT cascade to increase coverage

Socio-economic perspectives of male sexual challenges and inter-spousal communication in a mono-cultural setting

The study examined the socio-economic context of husband’s sexual deficiency on husband-wife communication among the Yoruba in the southwest geopolitical zone of Nigeria. The study adopted a structured face-to-face interview among 145 couples in the ratio of 50:50 among couples with husbands that have sexual challenges and the control group. Four focus group discussions were also held among the wives and segregated by age (15-34 and 35-54 years). The mean age of the population is 40 years (husbands = 42 years and wives = 38 years). The study shows that income and employment status are significantly related to couple’s communication at p-value less than 0.05. It also revealed that education and frequency of intercourse are vital predictors of inter-spousal communication notwithstanding the sexual condition of the husband (p-value of 0.000 each). The author therefore recommended that marriage counselors, social workers and other health official should target massive public awareness on male sexual diseases and equitable employment for all men who have sexual health challenges in order to stimulate mutual harmonious communication between husband and wife and enhance effective management of crisis at home fronts. Key words: Male, sexual challenges, inter-spousal, communication, coupl

Property Law in Namibia

About the publication Property Law in Namibia provides an autochthonous discussion of property law in Namibia. It does not only capture the constitutional, statutory and common law sources of property law in Namibia, but it also covers currently topical subjects such as property rights of women and land reform in Namibia. The publication is meant to be utilised by law academics, property law lecturers, legal practitioners and conveyancers, law students, students pursuing specialised land related programmes such as land use planning and officials in government ministries. Property Law in Namibia contains chapters on traditional concepts of property law such as the scope and nature of the law of property, classifications of things, real rights and personal rights, ownership and possession. Chapter 9 is devoted entirely to remedies, which is a departure from the norm, but where relevant, appropriate remedies are indicated in the specific parts of the text. In order to give prominence to Namibian property jurisprudence topics on the genesis of the land tenure systems of Namibia, land reform, and property rights of women in Namibia have either been dealt with in separate chapters or been included as parts of other chapters. This publication is meant to be utilised by law academics, property law lecturers, legal practitioners and conveyancers, law students, students pursuing specialised land related programmes such as land use planning and officials About the editor: Samuel K. Amoo is Advocate of the High Court for Zambia and Attorney of the High Court of Namibia. Associate Professor of Law (University of Namibia). Acting Director, Justice Training Centre (JTC) Property Law in Namibia by Samuel K. Amoo 2014 ISBN: 978-1-920538-22-4 Pages: 247 Print version: Available Electronic version: Free PDF availablePublishe