ドップラーセンサーを用いたアイブリンクの非接側定

Many phenomena in the nature exhibit anomalously large temporal fluctuations exceeding what cannot be explained as a consequence of statistically independent random events. Eyeblink is one of the natural parts of human activities which can be used in diverse applications such as Cognitive fields, Human Computer Interfaces etc. For instance, there is a large and growing body of evidence that sequences of psychophysical data fluctuate as 1/f noises and many researchers are trying to find what these fluctuations are suggesting us. Considering the fact that eyeblink has been proposed as a marvelous way for detecting driver\u27s and pilot\u27s drowsiness, the importance for eyeblink detection is increasing. There are several ways for eyeblink detection such as the EOG method, Infrared sensors, Cameras, and Doppler sensors. Recently, several types of glasses have been produced, for instance \u27Google glass\u27, which is able to detect eyeblink using embedded sensors such as infrared sensors. The objective of this thesis is to develop a glass which can be used to measure human eyeblink through embedding a Doppler sensor inside it, considering to the fact that Doppler sensors have a number of advantages, for instance, long distance detection that is a problem in other methods. This glass can be used during driving and flying in order to detect drowsiness and therefore prevent accidents caused by human errors. Furthermore, it can be deployed for measuring several psychological factors during performing tasks in clinical setups. We designed an experimental setup in which measurement of the eyeblink was conducted using a Doppler sensor accompanied by an accelerometer for body movement measurements and also an EOG (Electrooculography) recording for verifying detected eyeblink signal by Doppler sensor. From our experimental results, we found that the Doppler frequency related to eyeblink contains a dominant frequency near 2 Hz. Finally, we found that when blinking is accompanied with head and body movements, eyeblink signal is separable by deploying the Principal Component Analysis.　自然界にはさまざまなゆらぎ現象が確認されるが、それらが統計的に完全に独立で不規則な過程を示すことは稀である。瞬目はヒトにとって極めて自然な運動の一つであり、認知科学,ヒューマンコンピュータインタフェース等に応用が期待されている。例えば認知科学の分野では，ヒトの数々の精神的かつ身体的な運動が1/fゆらぎの特性を示し得ることが確認され、多くの研究者がゆらぎ特性の意味することを見つけようと試みている。瞬目は車両および航空機運転者の眠気の探知に有効である為，瞬目の計測の重要性は高い。従来，瞬目の計測にはEOG、赤外線センサ、カメラおよびドップラーセンサなどが 用いられてきた。近年では、グーグルグラスのよう、赤外線センサなどの搭載されたセンサにより瞬目を計測可能な眼鏡型デバイスがいくつか提案されている。ドップラーセンサは、他の手法では問題となる長距離での検出などいくつかの長所がある。故に、本研究ではドップラーセンサを搭載することによりヒトの瞬目を計測可能な眼鏡型デバイスの開発を目的とする。　眼鏡型デバイスは運転中に装着可能である事から、運転者の眠気検出が可能であり、ヒューマンエラーの抑制に寄与できるものと考えられる。実験はドップラーセンサーにより瞬目を計測すると共に、身体の動きを計測するための加速度センサ、および瞬目信号が正当であることを確認するためのEOGを用いて行う。実験結果より、瞬目に関するドップラー周波数は2Hz近辺に高い周波数を含むことが確認された。さらに、観測されるデータに頭や体の動きが含まれてしまう場合、PCAを用いてそれらから瞬目信号を分離可能であることを確認できた。電気通信大学201

Artificial intelligence-based material discovery for clean energy future

Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted materials design and discovery methods can come to the aid of global concerns for introducing new efficient materials in different applications. Also, a sustainable clean future requires a transition to a low-carbon economy that is material-intensive. AI-assisted methods advent as inexpensive and accelerated methods in the design of new materials for clean energies. Herein, the emerging research area of AI-assisted material discovery with a focus on developing clean energies is discussed. The applications, advantages, and challenges of using AI in material discovery are discussed and the future perspective of using AI in clean energy is studied. This perspective paves the way for a better understanding of the future of AI applications in clean energies

An Improved Energy-Aware Distributed Unequal Clustering Protocol using BBO Algorithm for Heterogeneous Load Balancing

With the rapid extension of IoT-based applications various distinct challenges are emerging in this area Among these concerns the node s energy efficiency has a special importance since it can directly affect the functionality of IoT-Based applications By considering data transmission as the most energy-consuming task in IoT networks clustering has been proposed to reduce the communication distance and ultimately overcome node energy wastage However cluster head selection as a non-deterministic polynomial-time hard problem will be challenging notably by considering node s heterogeneity and real-world IoT network constraints which usually have conflicts with each other Due to the existence of conflict among the main system parameters various solutions have been proposed in recent years that each of which only considered a few real-world limitations and parameter

Gravity data acquisition and potential-field data modelling along Metal Earth's Chibougamau transect using geophysical and geological constraints

The Metal Earth (ME) project aims to understand the underlying geological mechanisms that differentiate mineral endowments in Precambrian greenstone belts of the Canadian Shield. The ME project acquires and collates various geological and geophysical data along 13 transects to create valid models of subsurface features in order to identify components that contribute to the mineralization processes that result in mineral endowment. In this thesis, gravity observation along ~128 line kilometers in the Chibougamau transect is considered. The acquired data were checked for quality, processed to calculate the complete Bouguer anomaly and combined with existing gravity data provided by the Geological Survey of Canada. Gravity and compiled magnetic data were forward modelled along four sections and constrained by surficial geological observations, seismic sections, and petrophysical properties to estimate and improve the geometry and depth of plutonic bodies, and identifying the subsurface features such as dykes and faults. These improvements will help others to identify components that contribute to mineralising processes.Master of Science (MSc) in Geolog

On the Pull-Out Behavior of Hooked-End Shape Memory Alloys Fibers Embedded in Ultra-High Performance Concrete

This study presents a three-dimensional non-linear finite element investigation on the pull-out behavior of straight and hooked-end Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) and steel fibers embedded in Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) using a single fiber pull-out model. A bilinear cohesive zone model is used to characterize the interfacial traction separation relationships. The Concrete Damage Plasticity (CDP) model is used to simulate UHPC, and the mechanical behavior is obtained through experimental tests. Parametric studies are conducted to evaluate the effects of fiber materials, fiber diameters, and hook angles on the load-displacement behavior. A good agreement between the numerical and experimental results is obtained. It is found that the hooked-end fibers with a smaller diameter and a hook angle of 40° can be a better choice for structural application. Furthermore, it is observed that the use of SMA fibers significantly improves the pull-out performance between fibers and UHPC

Effect of ankle sprain on postural control and electrical activity of selected muscles after single-leg jump landing task

Background: Ankle joint plays an important role in restoring the balance of individuals. Ankle sprain injury effects on balance of affected individuals. The changes in the postural control and activity of the ankle muscle, because of ankle sprain, can put the patients at reinjure risk and lower extremity injuries, especially during dynamic activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the electrical activity of ankle joint stabilizer muscles and postural stability after single-leg jump landing in individuals with ankle sprain.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 30 non-athletic students were participated. They were divided in two groups of 15 people, in the form of accessible and purposeful. Subjects was asked to land on a force plate with Single-leg, by at least 80% of their maximum jump. The com-cop changes assessment was used as an indicator for postural control evaluation. After jump landing, muscles activity was recorded on the ankle joint by surface electromyography (EMG) device. MATLAB software was used to analyze data, and MANOVA test was performed to compare two groups.Results: The results showed a significant reduction in EMG of soleus, gastrocnemius, and peroneus longus muscles (p=0.03, p=0.01 and p=0.006 respectively). Tibialis anterior activity significantly increased (p=0.001) in patient group than to healthy group. Postural control was significantly lower in patient group than healthy group, in all directions (p=0.00 and p=0.00 respectively).Conclusion: Decreased postural control indicates changes in EMG of the stabilizer muscles of this joint in people with ankle sprain injury

Magnetized inulin by Fe3O4 as a bio-nano adsorbent for treating water contaminated with methyl orange and crystal violet dyes

Current work focuses on fabricating a new bio-nano adsorbent of Fe3O4@inulin nanocomposite via an in-situ co-precipitation procedure to adsorb methyl orange (MO) and crystal violet (CV) dyes from aqueous solutions. Different physical characterization analyses verified the successful fabrication of the magnetic nanocomposite. The adsorbent performance in dye removal was evaluated by varying initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH and temperature in 5110 mg/L, 0.10.8 g/L, 111 and 283 – 338 K, respectively. Due to the pH of zero point of charge and intrinsic properties of dyes, the optimum pHs were 5 and 7 for MO and CV adsorption, respectively. The correlation of coefficient (R2) and reduced chi-squared value were the criteria in order to select the best isotherm and kinetics models. The Langmuir model illustrated a better fit for the adsorption data for both dyes, demonstrating the maximum adsorption capacity of 276.26 and 223.57 mg/g at 338 K for MO and CV, respectively. As well, the pseudo-second-order model showed a better fitness for kinetics data compared to the pseudo-first-order and Elovich models. The thermodynamic parameters exhibited that the dye adsorption process is endothermic and spontaneous, which supported the enhanced adsorption rate by increasing temperature. Moreover, the nanocomposite presented outstanding capacity and stability after 6 successive cycles by retaining more than 87% of its initial dye removal efficiency. Overall, the magnetized inulin with Fe3O4 could be a competent adsorbent for eliminating anionic and cationic dyes from water

Viral Infections in Intensive Care Unit Patients

Background and Aim: Viral infections in the intensive care units (ICUs) often involve the central nervous system or respiratory tract. These infections can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Science the fact that there is effective treatment against some viruses, knowing the viruses that cause infections in ICU can be a great help in managing these patients. Hence, the study reviewed the major viruses in the ICU. Materials and Methods: We searched published articles on trends of viral infections in the intensive care units (ICUs). The articles were retrieved from databases of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and MEDLINE. Conclusion: Due to the significant outbreak of viruses in the ICU and the presence of effective treatments against some viruses, knowing the important viruses in this area and rapid diagnosing and treatment can be importan

Tripartite symbiosis of Lentil (Lense culinaris L.), Mycorrhiza and Azospirillum brasilense under Rainfed Condition

A field experiment was conducted aiming to determine the possibility of improving the lentil performance when co-inoculated with Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) fungi and Azospirillum under natural rain-fed conditions, in Iran. Results showed the substantial impact of VAM fungi on grain protein, root colonization and shoot dry weight. Highest value for shoot dry weight recorded in plants which inoculated with G. intraradices and highest values for root colonization and grain protein content was observed in plants which inoculated with G. mosseae. Also, Azospirillum had a significant effect on shoot dry weight and root colonization. A significant differences on grain protein content observed when combination of both microorganisms have been used